The Big Five Personality traits help us understand individuals' personality and temperament tendencies, but they do not directly correlate with Geert Hofstede's framework for cultures in various countries. Studies have shown that countries with high individualism trend towards higher rates of extraversion, but these similarities don't always hold true. Luxembourg is a unique country in that it is relatively small, with a population around 5,500,000 people. Out of this population, however, around 45% of the population is comprised of immigrants. These immigrants come from Portugal (16.5%), France (6.8%), along with smaller populations from Italy, Belgium, and Germany. The cultural environment becomes more complicated when analyzing the number of cross-border workers who work in Luxembourg by day and return to France, Belgium, and Germany in the evenings. This is a stark difference to the United States, which is comprised of people from many different cultures, but with a lower percentage of immigrants. When analyzing Luxembourg, Hofstede's dimensions must be differentiated between local Luxembourgers and immigrants. For 16.5% of the population (from Portugal), Hofstede's cultural dimensions for Luxembourg may not be relevant. According to the Big Five Personality factors, nurture and nature play an important role in personality and temperament development. Many of those living in Luxembourg may have a family environment with one language and culture, but live and work in a very different environment. While this kind of comparison also exists in the United States, Luxembourg presents an interesting case study because this is a reality for such a high percentage of their inhabitants. A company must be strategic in providing customer service that relates to a very diverse population. In the United States, this means providing customer service in Spanish and English. In Luxembourg, this might mean providing service in Luxembourgish, English, French, and Portuguese. This could lead to higher costs, but increased customer satisfaction. Luxembourgers have a higher long-term orientation and uncertainty avoidance than people in the United States, so companies should realize that customers may need more time to become acquainted with new products and may not be as willing to jump on a trendy product as many people in the United States are. Based upon Hofstede's 6D model and the Big 5 personality traits as a comparison for the countries of the United States and France, in regards to strategic customer service, it is clear that cultural differences can have an impact on customer service. Taking a look at these countries' scores on the Individualism scale for a more specific analysis, the United States scores much higher than France with a score of 91. The acceptance of individual expression has a soothing effect on the process of customer serviceWhen customer service representatives feel comfortable with themselves and of being exposed to a wide range of individualistic styles, then they feel much more relaxed, composed, and in control when confronted with particularly peculiar requests or customer concerns. On the other hand, France, with a much lower score, is used to and even expects much more traditional requests, which may in part be a factor that contributes to the infamous bad customer service that they give out. Their much more orthodox approach to customer service can, in this way, be contributed to individualism. Perhaps in what can be attributed as a much more accurate representation on customer service is personality itself, which is what the Big 5 personality traits cover? More specifically it is clear that the United States and France differ in terms of agreeability and openness. Agreeability is identified by prosocial behaviors. Approaching strangers is, to an extent, much more acceptable in the United States than it is with France. Consequently, social interactions that extend beyond and initial approach seem much more likely in the States. It is however frowned upon in France so initial agreeability with strangers is a trait that is culturally rooted, and it can have direct links with customer service. In France, people would most likely tend to themselves not other. Hand in hand with this is the trait of openness. Much in the same manner, the United States tends to be a much more open country where information, and lots of it, is easy to spread. This contributes to a general air of friendliness that not only prevails but is in fact encouraged at the customer service lever of American institutions. This is not the case in France, where a more reserved attitude is held towards social interactions. This of course bleeds into the notions held by customer service representatives in the country. In the end, the idea of not being agreeable with everyone and the general reserved attitude that France has is shown by their customer service. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]