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The United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) provide a framework for building sustainable marketing strategies to improve social and natural environments. Marketing is a key factor for achieving SDG12, "Ensuring sustainable production and consumption patterns," and a new kind of marketing education is needed to engage and transform students accordingly. In a sustainable marketing class, we asked students to weave a rug from recycled clothes, then estimate its selling price, considering its production and environmental costs. This arts-and-crafts-based pedagogy gave students a deep understanding of the requirements of SDG12. It was engaging for students and highlighted the role marketing can play in raising willingness to pay higher prices for more sustainable products. In sum, this class achieved transformative sustainability learning in line with the Head, Hands, and Heart framework proposed by Sipos et al.

This study describes the concepts, historical precedents, language and fundamental experiences of artivism. It shows the research activities from two main universities (Complutense de Madrid in Spain and Nottingham Trent in UK) as well as other cultural institutions (Élan Interculturel from France and Artemiszio from Hungary), which have explored the educational potential of artivism as a new way of achieving social engagement using innovation and artistic creation. The paper defines precisely artivism as a new language which appears outside the museums and art academies, moving towards urban and social spaces. Artivism is a hybrid form of art and activism which has a semantic mechanism to use art as a means towards change and social transformation. The analysis collects some central experiences of the artivist phenomenon and applies semantic analysis, archiving artivist experiences, and using urban walks and situational research, analyses the educational and formative potential of artivists and their ability to break the classroom walls, and to remove the traditional roles of creator and receptor, student and professor, through workshop experiences. Finally, it reflects upon the usefulness of artivism as a new social language and an educational tool that breaks the traditional roles of social communication.

The use of digital exhibitions in two advanced language and culture courses within a liberal arts curriculum provides an innovative pedagogical approach to promoting language learning and critical analysis. This article proposes a pedagogy to incorporate Maker-Centered Learning (MCL), the framework that emerged from a Harvard Graduate School of Education research project, Agency by Design (AbD) in 2012, into language courses. Through the lens of the three indicators ("looking closely," "exploring complexity," and "finding opportunity") and related descriptors put forward by the AbD project, the analysis of the two language courses--one French and the other Spanish--as case studies reveals how, despite differences in course objectives and design, they achieved similar results by (1) facilitating learner autonomy, (2) developing learner communities, and (3) fostering learning on a continuum by going beyond the classroom. We demonstrate that creative projects made possible through digital tools can generate opportunities for engaging with language, literature, and culture in ways that transform students into collaborators and creators of knowledge. This approach consequently displaces the MCL framework from its more traditional association with Science, Technology, Engineering and Maths (STEM) fields, and bolsters the claims of scholars who view the arts and humanities as equally fertile ground for its application. The pedagogical methodology detailed here could be replicated in any language classroom.

Polymathy may be defined as the productive pursuit of multiple endeavors, simultaneously or serially, across a lifetime. As such, polymathic breadth of interest across knowledge domains characterizes Nobel laureates in the sciences, literature, economics, and peace, though interest patterns vary between groups. Economics laureates, like science laureates, demonstrate significant trans-domain interests in mathematics and science but differ from scientists by focusing additional interests in the humanities and social sciences rather than in visual arts or crafts. Literature laureates share strong interests in visual arts with science laureates, but they engage far less in crafts and more in humanities. Literature laureates share with economics laureates a high interest in the humanities and social sciences but engage far less in the sciences. Peace laureates focus their multiple interests in the humanities and social sciences along with literature and economics laureates, but they differ from both by participating far less in arts or science. In addition, Nobel laureates are also intra-domain polymaths, engaging in more than one discipline within their primary field. Overall, Nobel laureates are significantly more likely to be trans- and intra-domain polymaths than the average person. Moreover, patterns of interest suggest that different professions select for or attract individuals with reasonably discrete combinations of talent.

Since the beginning of the 5th Republic, social demands have influenced the demand to reform the place of culture in education as a way of developing better access to French culture for all students. In recent decades, the rising number of immigrants has created administrative districts characterized by geographic contrast, social inequalities, and diverse populations, increasing the need for artistic education. This article proposes to approach the political measures that allowed the development of arts teaching in primary schools in France to understand the cultural pedagogical practices provided in primary school. In doing so, I explore the ways that experimentation with local heritage provides the necessary social dimensions that support students in their understanding of French culture, diminish unequal access to art, and how schools might be used as a tool in the process of cultural democratization.

Using the 2000 and 2009 waves of Program for International Student Assessment (PISA) data, we examined the relationships between family socio-economic status (SES), cultural capital, and reading achievement among students in five post-socialist Eastern European countries while comparing the findings with three Western bench-marking countries. Findings: In all studied countries, higher-SES students possessed higher levels of cultural capital and exhibited higher reading achievement. Cultural capital was uniformly positively associated with reading achievement. We found the least stratification by SES in Russia both in the distribution of cultural capital and reading achievement. The findings provide no evidence of the overall decline of the importance of cultural capital over time; most of the associations between cultural capital measures and reading achievement remained stable across the waves. Between-country variation in the findings does not indicate East-West divide (with the exception of Russia).

The primary objective of this paper is to discuss the implications of applying Habermas's concept of self-critical appropriation for rethinking the structure of the modernist curriculum, specifically the organization of school subjects and instruction time devoted to each of them. To this end, the paper examines Habermas's differentiation between the three expert cultures of science, morality and art in modernity as well as the role that Habermas envisions for education in modern societies. On the basis of the above differentiation, this paper briefly reviews three national curriculums (England, France, Finland) in order to substantiate the dominant scientific-objectivating orientation underlying the structure of current national curriculums. The review provides the contextual-factual background for rethinking the curriculum. Responding to the challenges facing curriculums in the postmodern era (both theoretical and practical), this paper presents two principles stemming from the application of the concept of self-critical appropriation: balancing the curriculum and the introduction of an integrator-subject for the development and exercise of communicative competences.

This article focuses on printed images that were published in Britain during the 1790s, depicting the educationist, theologian, chemist, physicist, historian and philosopher Joseph Priestley (1733-1804). It is argued that such etchings and engravings are indicative of, and contributed to, the lifelong political and historical education of late eighteenth-century adults. (Contains 10 figures and 43 footnotes.)

Reviews the development of the new structure of art in England, France, and the United States. Examines how twentieth century changes in technology and science have created such artistic tools as photography and the computer. Explores how man's relationship with nature has changed in this period. (BSR)

Offers an overview of the meaning and development of traditional Flemish and French still life painting. States that art history, as well as technical process, must be taught for discipline based art education to be effective. Describes Flemish still life classifications, eighteenth and nineteenth century French works, and still life symbolism. (GEA)

Describes a program dealing with films depicting the French Revolution sponsored by the University of California Los Angeles. Emphasizes lectures and a colloquium discussing the ways in which films can transform common political ideas of the moment into popular memory of the past. Examines several films included in this national film retrospective. (KO)

This conversation elaborates on the latest work of the Paris-based writer, philosopher, translator, mathematician and pianist Andrei Vieru, where he maintains that human freedom is inseparable from the idea of closure. Vieru’s model is rooted in the topological semantics of modal logic and provides valuable epistemological insights for the broader community of scholars (death and grief scholars, social scientists, humanists) as well as for policymakers, civil social actors and, generally, for all existentially concerned individuals in times of eroding democracies and pressing global risks. In this dialogue conducted during 2023 in face-to-face sessions and via email exchanges between Paris and Bucharest, Vieru reflects on what is at stake philosophically, artistically and existentially when humans are confronted with the radical openness of possibilities brought by contemporary challenges like global crises and digital technologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Adab Al-Kufa is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

STUDY QUESTION Can we monitor post-oocyte retrieval infections in the French national health data system to complement the French ART vigilance system? SUMMARY ANSWER Medico-administrative databases provide a more comprehensive view of post-oocyte retrieval infections and can be used to detect abnormal increases in frequency and outlier ART centers as a complementary tool to the ART vigilance system. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY The various studies of ART complications are reassuring, showing relatively low overall complication rates. Nonetheless, the European Union has set up a vigilance system to monitor these complications. However, this system is not an exhaustive source of information and does not provide a complete overview of post-ART complications. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION The study population was identified from the comprehensive French national hospital discharge database. It included women under 46 years of age undergoing an oocyte retrieval in 2019, classified into three population subgroups according to the indication of oocyte retrieval: infertility (IF) , fertility preservation (FP), and oocyte donation (OD). The study population included 52 098 women who had undergone 65 948 oocyte retrievals in 2019. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS Hospital stays and delivery of antibiotics within 31 days after oocyte retrieval were analyzed. Women and infections were characterized according to various characteristics (age, comorbidities, indication of oocyte retrieval, type of hospital stay, length of hospital stay, type of antibiotherapy, etc.). Multivariate analysis was performed to determine the relation between the occurrence of infection and women's characteristics, and results are expressed as odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CI. A funnel plot and a box plot were used to compare the infection rate per center with the national average and to detect outliers. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE Infections in the month following the oocyte retrieval represented 6.9% of the procedures in 2019 (n = 4522). Of these infections, 112 were hospitalized (0.2% of oocyte retrievals), and 4410 were non-hospitalized (6.7% of oocyte retrievals). The hospitalized infections were essentially gynecological infections (40.9%) and urinary tract infections (23.5%). In 87.9% of non-hospitalized infections, a single antibiotic therapy was prescribed. Mixed-effect model analysis showed that the risk of infection was significantly higher in women under 30 years of age, in the FP population, in supplementary universal health coverage (CMU-C) beneficiaries, and women with endometriosis. Funnel plot and box plot analysis showed that three ART centers have an infection rate significantly higher than the national average. In the three centers that stand out from all the others, the objective is to return to these centers to understand the possible reasons for this observed rate and to implement corrective measures. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION Despite all its advantages, the French national health data system presents some limitations, such as the risk of inappropriate coding. Another limitation of this study is that we cannot confirm an attributable relation between the infection and the ART procedure, even if the delay of 31 days after oocyte retrieval is consistent with the occurrence of a post-retrieval complication. In addition, antibiotics may be prescribed as a 'precautionary' measure in certain situations (women with a susceptibility to infection, complicated procedures), or as antibiotic prophylaxis for embryo transfer. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS Despite the limits in identifying post-ART infections in medico-administrative databases, this approach is a promising way to complement the ART vigilance reporting system. This concept developed for infections will also be generalized to other complications with regular feedback to professionals. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) No specific funding was sought for the study. The study was supported by the Agence de la biomédecine, France. The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER N/A. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A change in cultural values is partly dependent on economic, science, and technology developments. This article examines how the local cultural values of Italy (15th-18th centuries), France (19th-20th centuries), and the global world cultural values (20th-21st centuries) have left significant imprints on the transformation of traditional values in the visual arts and architecture. Employing Rokeach's theory of human values and Schwartz's theory of basic human values and by using qualitative methods and an ethnographic approach, this research references artworks to argue that these three periods in history represent value changes among different social groups. In Italy, where natural philosophy and science clashed with religion, the bourgeois class determined cultural value transformation via educational institutions. In France, economic and political reforms resulted in new social classes, and the dominance of labor and social democracy led to changes in values. In the global local cultures of the twenty-first century, technologies are playing a vital part in changing local cultures, contributing to changes in geopolitical alignments and leading to local social collective actions due to migration. In the context of globalization, this article explains how global cultural values become part of national values and how cultural transmission establishes global cultural values. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines morality in taste judgements. In response to Bourdieu's analysis of France in the 1960s, sociologists note that repertoires of moral evaluation vary across contexts. They typically highlight national variations, like Nordic egalitarianism weakens cultural boundaries, and temporal variations, with transformed values having made cultural hierarchies less defensible. The article investigates a neglected type of moral variation: contrasting cultural areas. In a study of class and culture in Stavanger, Norway, the authors combined oral interviews on taste with photo elicitation in the visual arts, literature and housing/architecture. While interviewees were often careful not to appear disdainful of other people's tastes, and expressed ambivalence about cultural boundaries, their thoughts on housing/architecture diverged. Here, people did not hesitate to criticise other people's taste, even to the point of ridiculing their houses. The authors discuss the implications for Lamont's symbolic boundary perspective, which is predicated on a separation of three types of symbolic boundaries (cultural, socioeconomic, moral). Morality can both weaken and reinforce cultural boundaries, depending on the areas under investigation. In conclusion, the authors suggest ways cultural sociology may conceive of different moral modalities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is a consensus about the benefits of an artistic activity on health and well-being. In France, a gifted child is considered a special needs student for whom enrichment is advocated. Therefore, this study examines the extent to which a whole-class art enrichment program delivered to both gifted and non-gifted children benefits both student populations with respect to their school well-being. The art program was implemented in classrooms over the course of an entire school year (during the COVID-19 pandemic). The self-report French version of the Feelings About School scale (i.e., FAS) was completed in three steps (i.e., before, mid-program, and after) by a sample of gifted and non-gifted children benefiting from the program. The FAS scores of those students were also compared at the end of the school year with those of students who did not participate in the art program. Despite the pandemic context that requires caution in drawing definite conclusions, this study supports that (i) the fine arts practice is a lever of development, (ii) the sanitary situation was detrimental for elementary school students, and (iii) better adaptive capacities were exhibited by gifted children in this context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to estimate and compare Roman Catholic Church-related child sexual abuse (CSA) prevalence and characteristics to CSA in other social spheres in France since 1950. Using a cross-sectional representative web-based survey of 28,026 adults in 2021, the weighted prevalence of CSA was estimated according to six social spheres of perpetration: family, Church, school, sports club, artistic activities, and summer camps. Altogether, 14.60%, 95% confidence interval [CI: 13.41; 15.80] of female respondents and 6.38% [5.73; 7.03] of male respondents had experienced CSA. Family was the most common social sphere of perpetration (3.55% [3.18; 3.92]), followed by the Church (0.81% [0.62; 0.99] of respondents exposed) and public schools (0.32% [0.23; 0.40] of respondents exposed). Altogether, we estimate 213,000, 95% CI [147,000; 278,000] people were victims of Church CSA since 1950 in France. Church CSA was more common among men than women (1.28% [0.93; 1.64] vs. 0.34% [0.20; 0.48]) while the opposite was true for other social spheres. CSA was overwhelmingly perpetrated by men ranging from 93.37% in the Church to 97.65% in schools. Many victims spoke with someone about these abuses: 41.81% of the Catholic Church compared to 41.25% of school CSA victims and 51.68% of family CSA victims. Results suggest structural factors including gender norms, but also the spiritual authority of the priest and the culture of secrecy contribute to clerical CSA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Periconceptional vitamin B9 (folic acid) prescriptions, recommended by all national and international health authorities for the past thirty years for the prevention of neural tube defects (NTD), remain insufficient in France. In 2016, in the National Perinatal Survey (EPN), only 23.2 % of pregnant women had correct supplementation. One of the difficulties of this preventive treatment is that about 75% of patients will not have had a medical consultation in the 3 months preceding conception. In IVF, almost 100% of patients will have a pre-conception consultation. It seemed interesting to us, through a simple survey, to evaluate, on the day of the embryo transfer(s), the status of the folic acid prescription, the dose and the chemical formulation. Out of 311 transfers in a continuous series from April to June 2022, it appears that 78.78% of the patients had a supplementation in accordance with the H.A.S. recommendations. However, our prescriptions are not optimal in view of (1) the knowledge of folic acid metabolism, and the growing interest in the active molecular form of folic acid: 5-methylenetetrahydrofolate (5-MTHF), and (2) the ANSES recommendations of 2021, and the new therapeutic targets that could be the mitigation of the deleterious effects of endocrine disruptors and atmospheric pollution. In our survey, 18.64% had a prescription of 5-MTHF at 0.4mg/d and 4.82% a dose of 0.6mg/d of folic acid, i.e. optimal according to the recommendations, particularly in IVF where the beneficial effects of supplementation would seem to impact on full-term pregnancy rates and the well-being of the unborn child. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The principle of anonymity of gamete and embryo donation which governed ART in France has come to an end. Guided by societal evolution and foreign examples, the bioethics law of August 2, 2021, which will come into force on September 3, 2022, provides a radically opposite response to those that preceded it. If it maintains the anonymity of the donation between donors and recipients, at the time of donation, it frees the child born from an ART and having reached his majority, to discover his origins. In the same way, knowledge of nonidentifying data goes beyond the therapeutic necessity apprehended by the doctor alone and will be available to the adult child who requests it. On the other hand, the lifting of secrecy for Ethe sole benefit of the child will never make it possible to establish or contest his filiation or to call into question the responsibility of the parents and donors involved in this donation. Third-party donors who have made their donation before the law of August 2, 2021 comes into force may give their consent to the use of their gametes or embryos that are being stored. Without such consent, these will be destroyed. Thus, only the adult child will be able to lift the veil on the biological reality of his conception, of which donors and recipients will be clearly informed at the time of the donation. Without consent, no donation. The role of the physician in organizing and protecting the process is major. It must be specified and supervised. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

After the terrorist attacks of January 2015, laïcité – the particular French version of secularism – has been at the centre of government efforts to reaffirm republican values and strengthen national cohesion. One of the most emblematic measures in this quest was the decision to have state schools celebrate a national day of laïcité. This article seeks to understand how French secularism has been performed during these commemorations. It draws from the assumption that secularism does not only consist of rules on church-state relations and on how religion may or may not manifest itself in the public sphere, but also of representations and routinised practices of secularity. Through an online analysis of nearly 150 school activities organised between 2015 and 2020 across France, this article shows how laïcité remains an indeterminate construct. Commemorations typically take the form of tree-planting ceremonies, re-enacting rituals, and visual or performing arts projects. In many cases, laïcité is diluted in civil religious rituals to the point that it sometimes becomes an empty signifier of patriotism. Other projects, however, reinterpret laïcité as a condition for multicultural citizenship and, in doing so, propose counter-narratives to the notion that multiple identities pose a threat to the Republic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Do in vitro fertilisation (IVF) and intrauterine insemination (IUI) induce an increased risk of congenital anomalies? This is a major question, to which most of the available epidemiological studies unfortunately seem to answer positively. However, these results are based on data obtained at birth or during the neonatal period, on small populations, and above all without taking into account the possible role of underlying female infertility, a potential confounding factor. Using the French National Health System database, we performed a comparative analysis of all singleton births in France over a five-year period (2013-2017), by natural conception (NC), embryo transfer (ET) or IVF. A total of 3,501,496 singleton births were included (3,417,089 NC, 20,218 IUI and 64,188 ET). The risks of major congenital malformations (ICD-10) were investigated according to mode of conception in multivariate analyses using multiple logistic regression models adjusted for maternal age, primiparity, obesity, smoking, history of hypertension or diabetes and female infertility. The prevalence of malformations after ET was significantly higher than after CN, with adjusted odds ratios (aOR) of 1.15 and 1.13. The overall risk was similar in the IUI and NC groups (aOR of 1.01). An independent and overall increase in risk was observed in the presence of endometriosis (aOR of 1.16), polycystic ovary syndrome (1.20) or premature ovarian failure (1.52). This study therefore shows that causes of maternal infertility are associated with an increased risk of congenital anomalies, in addition to that associated with IVF. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Políticas Culturais em Revista is the property of Politicas Culturais em Revista and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Inspired by archival remix in diasporic cultural productions that deal with cultural memory, this featurette demonstrates the potential of filmic remix as a technology of remembrance for challenging normative archives and historiographies. The featurette considers various remixed elements at work in a poetic documentary of Iranian cinema, Fifi Howls from Happiness (2014) directed by Mitra Farahani. With a background in visual arts, the France-based director positions her film as an act of writing the neglected visual artist Bahman Mohasses into a much needed historiography and moving image archive of Iranian contemporary art. This featurette envisions the filmic montage in Fifi Howls from Happiness as a technology of remembrance that recreates quasi-abstraction and queer compositions that were central to Mohasses’ oeuvre with many pieces missing and lost. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Study Question: What is the incidence rate of complications in women undergoing ART procedures compared to the period prior to their first oocyte retrieval?Summary Answer: The study shows a significant increase in the post-ART incidence rate of some complications but a low overall rate of occurrence relative to the total number of oocyte retrievals.What Is Known Already: ART, widely used in Europe, accounts for 3.3% of births in France. The various studies of ART complications are fairly reassuring, showing relatively low overall complication rates but only few studies have used exhaustive national registers.Study Design, Size, Duration: The cohort for this study was identified from the comprehensive French national hospital-discharge database and includes women under 50 years with a first oocyte retrieval (T0) in 2012-2017, classified in three population subgroups according to the indication for oocyte retrieval: infertility (IF), oocyte donation (OD), and fertility preservation (FP). This study includes 156 916 women whose first oocyte retrieval occurred in 2012-2017 and 542 775 hospitalizations in 2010-2019 (excluding first retrieval).Participants/materials, Setting, Methods: Hospitalizations for complications or others events (oocyte retrieval, delivery, pregnancy loss, and death in the hospital) during the 2 years before (control period) and after their first oocyte retrieval (post-oocyte retrieval period) were compared and expressed per 10 000 person-months (pm).Main Results and the Role Of Chance: In the IF subgroup, incidence rates were significantly higher after (vs before) retrieval for hospitalized ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) (162 vs 6/10 000 pm), adnexal torsion (14 vs 3), venous thrombosis (8 vs 1), arterial thrombosis (3 vs 1), trauma (2 vs 1), and significantly lower for infections (61 vs 87). The higher incidences of OHSS, adnexal torsion and venous thrombosis could only partially be explained by the occurrence of pregnancy.In the FP subgroup, incidence increased significantly after (vs before) retrieval for hospitalized OHSS (55 vs 0), venous thrombosis (59 vs 4), and infections (176 vs 56). For the OD subgroup, hospitalized OHSS (116 vs 0) and bleeding (24 vs 0) were significantly higher after (vs before) retrieval.Limitations, Reasons For Caution: The French national health data system, despite all its advantages, present some limitations such as the risk of coding errors. The unavailability of some personal information and the absence of consideration of risk factors prevented us from adjusting the risk. Finally, only complications resulting in hospitalization were analyzed which probably leads to their underestimation.Wider Implications Of the Findings: The use of medico-administrative bases will be a valuable tool in public health and will furnish a better overview of the complications. Further studies are needed to complete this analysis. Adding information on drugs would help to better define T0 and less severe complications.Study Funding/competing Interest(s): N/A.Trial Registration Number: N/A. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Arte & Ensaio is the property of Arte & Ensaio and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Arte & Ensaio is the property of Arte & Ensaio and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The stylized motif Fleur-de-Lis which means the Lily and derived from it, was accepted as a royal symbol in the 12th century in France by Louis VII. This motif which was a well-known royal symbol especially in Western Art in Medieval Europe, has been applied continuously since the early periods of Byzantine art and has been used extensively in different types of works. But this motif was generally introduced with different plant names in Byzantine studies and no comprehensive studies have made about this subject. Thus, the motif was identified along with elements revealing the character of Fleur-de-Lis and examined in detail especially in Byzantine stone works. The lily motifs showed three different main types according to the condition of the side leaves and these types were divided into two sub-groups. It was determined that the stems of the motifs also varied according to their shapes and these were also evaluated under different groups. Thus, the Lily (Fleur-de-Lis) motifs were tried to be enlightened together with their periodical differences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Through her experiences as a queer feminist artist and cultural worker, V. Jourdain shares some of her artistic and curatorial practices in Quebec and France. Comparing the two cultures' consideration of LGBTQI+ minorities, she illuminates a few strategies for changing practices in art and artistic labour in two French-speaking communities. In this article, V. Jourdain shares her experience in research, creation, and passing down memory by opening up a dialogue between feminist frameworks, contemporary art and LGBTQI+ archives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Study Question: How does a history of dramatic weight loss linked to bariatric surgery impact IVF outcomes?Summary Answer: Women with a history of bariatric surgery who had undergone IVF had a comparable cumulative live birth rate (CLBR) to non-operated patients of the same BMI after the first IVF cycle.What Is Known Already: In the current context of increasing prevalence of obesity in women of reproductive age, weight loss induced by bariatric surgery has been shown to improve spontaneous fertility in obese women. However, little is known on the clinical benefit of bariatric surgery in obese infertile women undergoing IVF.Study Design, Size, Duration: This exploratory retrospective multicenter cohort study was conducted in 10 287 IVF/ICSI cycles performed between 2012 and 2016. We compared the outcome of the first IVF cycle in women with a history of bariatric surgery to two age-matched groups composed of non-operated women matched on the post-operative BMI of cases, and non-operated severely obese women.Participants/materials, Setting, Methods: The three exposure groups of age-matched women undergoing their first IVF cycle were compared: Group 1: 83 women with a history of bariatric surgery (exposure, mean BMI 28.9 kg/m2); Group 2: 166 non-operated women (non-exposed to bariatric surgery, mean BMI = 28.8 kg/m2) with a similar BMI to Group 1 at the time of IVF treatment; and Group 3: 83 non-operated severely obese women (non-exposed to bariatric surgery, mean BMI = 37.7 kg/m2). The main outcome measure was the CLBR. Secondary outcomes were the number of mature oocytes retrieved and embryos obtained, implantation and miscarriage rates, live birth rate per transfer as well as birthweight.Main Results and the Role Of Chance: No significant difference in CLBR between the operated Group 1 patients and the two non-operated Groups 2 and 3 was observed (22.9%, 25.9%, and 12.0%, in Groups 1, 2 and 3, respectively). No significant difference in average number of mature oocytes and embryos obtained was observed among the three groups. The implantation rates were not different between Groups 1 and 2 (13.8% versus 13.7%), and although lower (6.9%) in obese women of Group 3, this difference was not statistically significant. Miscarriage rates in Groups 1, 2 and 3 were 38.7%, 35.8% and 56.5%, respectively (P = 0.256). Live birth rate per transfer in obese patients was significantly lower compared to the other two groups (20%, 18%, 9.3%, respectively, in Groups 1, 2 and 3, P = 0.0167). Multivariate analysis revealed that a 1-unit lower BMI increased the chances of live birth by 9%. In operated women, a significantly smaller weight for gestational age was observed in newborns of Group 1 compared to Group 3 (P = 0.04).Limitations, Reasons For Caution: This study was conducted in France and nearly all patients were Caucasian, questioning the generalizability of the results in other countries and ethnicities. Moreover, 950 women per group would be needed to achieve a properly powered study in order to detect a significant improvement in live birth rate after bariatric surgery as compared to infertile obese women.Wider Implications Of the Findings: These data fuel the debate on the importance of pluridisciplinary care of infertile obese women, and advocate for further discussion on whether bariatric surgery should be proposed in severely obese infertile women before IVF. However, in light of the present results, infertile women with a history of bariatric surgery can be reassured that surgery-induced dramatic weight loss has no significant impact on IVF prognosis.Study Funding/competing Interest(s): This work was supported by unrestricted grants from FINOX-Gédéon Richter and FERRING Pharmaceuticals awarded to the ART center of the Clinique Mathilde to fund the data collection and the statistical analysis. There are no conflicts of interest to declare.Trial Registration Number: NCT02884258. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article highlights the sudden revelation of the true principles of art that experienced in Italy during the Eighteenth-Century. It reviews on John Locke's Essay concerning Human Understanding which set against the concern with its loss or lack and evident in the monumental canvas of the blinded Byzantine general Belisarius begging for alms.

Barriers to achieve sustained HIV virological suppression on antiretroviral therapy (ART) jeopardize the success of the 90:90:90 UNAIDS initiative which aims to end the HIV/AIDS epidemic. In France, where access to ART is free and universally available, we analyze the way in which social determinants of health (i.e. cultural, environmental) and economic factors might influence virological outcomes. A cross-sectional study was performed in two hospitals located in Paris area. All consecutive people living with HIV (PLHIV) on ART for at least 6 months attending the outpatient clinics between 01/05/2013 and 31/10/2014 answered an individual score of deprivation, EPICES, retrieving information on health insurance status, economic status, family support and leisure activity. This score varies from 0 to 100 with deprivation state defined above 30.17. Factors associated with HIV viral load >50 copies/ml were assessed by logistic regression modeling with a backward stepwise selection to select the final multivariable model. Sensitivity analyses were performed using two other thresholds for virological non-suppression (100 or 200 copies/ml). Overall, 475 PLHIV were included (53% male, median age 47 years, 66% not born in France mainly in a sub-Saharan African country). Half of French natives and 85% of migrants were classified as deprived. Median duration on ART was 9.7 years with virological suppression in 95.2% of non-deprived participants and in 83.5% of deprived ones (p = 0.001). The final multivariable model retained ART tiredness, younger age, a previous AIDS event and social deprivation (adjusted Odds Ratio, 2.9; 95%CI, 1.2–7.0) as determinants of virological non-suppression but not migration in itself. When using separate components of EPICES score, reporting economic difficulties and non-homeownership were associated with virological non-suppression. In addition to interventions focusing on cultural aspects of migration, social interventions are needed to help people with social vulnerability to obtain sustained responses on ART. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The author discusses the French painting "Rue des Moulins" by Henry Toulouse-Lautrec. She mentions the depiction of prostitutes waiting for their required gynecological screenings, the sense of temporality in the painting, and compares it to the work of Japanese ukiyo-e artist Kitagawa Otamaro.

The authors review the relationship between Jean-Martin Charcot, the most celebrate Professor of Neurology of the XIX century, and his son, Jean-Baptiste Charcot, former a physician and neurologist and after Professor Charcot's death, a worldwide famous maritime explorer, the "Commander Charcot." [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published in 1895, Léonce Bénédite’sLe Musée du Luxembourginterceded in debates around Caillebotte Bequest, by elevating Impressionism as a style critical to the French state’s official history of nineteenth-century art. As the first fully illustrated catalogue dedicated to this institution,Le Musée du Luxembourgnot only described the museum’s extant collection but, in effect, prescribed a future history of art to be narrated on its walls. Yet, the Caillebotte Bequest and its Impressionist paintings and works on paper were only installed at the museum in 1897. This article interrogates howLe Musée du Luxembourgpreemptively ushered Impressionism into official art history, studying the intersections between Bénédite’s enthusiasm for this art and the French state’s calls for fine-arts policies predicated on such republican principles as impartiality and eclecticism. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]