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This paper explores the potentially positive impact of HeartMath coherence training on the current educational environment. This holistic modality may work upstream of the classroom experience by priming individuals to optimally function cognitively, physiologically, and emotionally before they arrive in the formal learning environment and after they leave. Such a sustainable mind-body approach could result in the prevention, minimisation, and/ or alleviation of growing 21st century challenges in the classroom

We interviewed eight principals from Bermuda and Florida about how they identify and manage their most pressing challenges. Their challenges are composed of both adaptive and technical work, requiring leaders to learn to diagnose and manage them. Challenges focused on change and were traced to accountability contexts, yet accountability was not the driving force for all principals. Neither external demands nor principals themselves dictated whether the problem was technical or adaptive; instead, it was the nature of the problem itself. Leadership preparation programs are encouraged to provide a framework to address managing phases of adaptive, technical, and mixed challenges.

A new species of marine endolithic cyanophyte, Hyellapyxis Lukas and Hoffamn (Order: Pleurocaspscales), differs from other species of Hyella in its cell and filament dimensions, the manner in which its branches are initiated and the presence of gloeocapsin in the sheaths of colonies form the intertidal zone. Hyella pyxis colonies consist of a small cluster of coccoid cells located at the substrate surface and long, conspicuously branched filaments composed of cells that are longer than they are wide. Branches are initiated by the reorientation of the distal end of a filament cell or by the elongation of a filament cell, usually at one of its distal corners. Chromatic adaptation was not observed perhaps accounting for the relatively shallow depth limit of this species. Hyella pyxis was found within mollusk shells from the continental margin of eastern Florida to a depth of 50 m and carbonate rocks in the intertidal zone on Bermuda. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The whitespotted eagle ray Aetobatus narinari is a tropical to warm-temperate benthopelagic batoid that ranges widely throughout the western Atlantic Ocean. Despite conservation concerns for the species, its vertical habitat use and diving behaviour remain unknown. Patterns and drivers in the depth distribution of A. narinari were investigated at two separate locations, the western North Atlantic (Islands of Bermuda) and the eastern Gulf of Mexico (Sarasota, Florida, U.S.A.). Between 2010 and 2014, seven pop-up satellite archival tags were attached to A. narinari using three methods: a through-tail suture, an external tail-band and through-wing attachment. Retention time ranged from 0 to 180 days, with tags attached via the through-tail method retained longest. Tagged rays spent the majority of time (82.85 ± 12.17% S.D.) within the upper 10 m of the water column and, with one exception, no rays travelled deeper than ~26 m. One Bermuda ray recorded a maximum depth of 50.5 m, suggesting that these animals make excursions off the fore-reef slope of the Bermuda Platform. Individuals occupied deeper depths (7.42 ± 3.99 m S.D.) during the day versus night (4.90 ± 2.89 m S.D.), which may be explained by foraging and/or predator avoidance. Each individual experienced a significant difference in depth and temperature distributions over the diel cycle. There was evidence that mean hourly depth was best described by location and individual variation using a generalized additive mixed model approach. This is the first study to compare depth distributions of A. narinari from different locations and describe the thermal habitat for this species. Our study highlights the importance of region in describing A. narinari depth use, which may be relevant when developing management plans, whilst demonstrating that diel patterns appear to hold across individuals., (© 2020 Fisheries Society of the British Isles.)