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Background For cosmetics, it is mandatory to label 26 fragrance substances, including all constituents of fragrance mix I ( FM I) and fragrance mix II ( FM II). Earlier reports have not included oxidized R-limonene [hydroperoxides of R-limonene ( Lim- OOH)] and oxidized linalool [hydroperoxides of linalool ( Lin- OOH)], and breakdown testing of FM I and FM II has mainly been performed in selected, mix-positive patients. Objectives To report the prevalence of sensitization to the 26 fragrances, and to assess concomitant reactivity to FM I and/or FM II. Methods A cross-sectional study on consecutive dermatitis patients patch tested with the 26 fragrances and the European baseline series from 2010 to 2015 at a single university clinic was performed. Results Of 6004 patients, 940 (15.7%, 95% CI: 14.7-16.6%) were fragrance-sensitized. Regarding the single fragrances, most patients were sensitized to Lin- OOH (3.9%), Evernia furfuracea (3.0%), Lim- OOH (2.5%), and hydroxyisohexyl 3-cyclohexene carboxaldehyde (2.1%). Significantly fewer patients were ' FM I-positive and constituent-positive' than ' FM II-positive and constituent-positive' (32.7% versus 57.0%, p < 0.0001). Additionally, significantly more patients were ' FM II-negative but constituent-positive' than ' FM I-negative but constituent-positive' (12.4% versus 3.2%, p = 0.0008). Conclusions Non-mix fragrances are the most important single fragrance allergens among consecutive patients. The test concentration of the single FM I constituents should be increased when possible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the dimethylglyoxime spot test used by the member states of the European Union (EU) to determine nickel released from hand-held equipment. It states that the test shows that nickel is released from the button of FotoFinder dermoscope and from ring on traditional Heine dermoscope. It mentions that enamel coating can be used to prevent the nickel release from metallic parts.