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We wanted to explore possible differences in disease presentation, frequency, and age of onset of dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) between first-generation immigrants (FGI) and patients born in Belgium (PBIB). We conducted a retrospective study on all patients of our Memory Clinic between June 1, 2010 and January 31, 2020. A synucleinopathy was diagnosed in 150 of 2702 patients (5.5%): 91 received a diagnosis of DLB (3.4%). FGI were two times more likely to receive a diagnosis of DLB, due to a higher prevalence in North-Africans and Latin-Americans. Visual hallucinations were less frequent in North-Africans than in other immigrants. FGI were younger than PBIB and reported more often parasomnia. Our data suggest a higher risk for DLB in certain immigrant groups. Especially for North-African patients, a genetic factor can be suspected, namely mutations in Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2). Memory clinics with a high rate of FGI may provide interesting data and insights into the prevalence of DLB, genetic and environmental differences.

Purpose: The United Nations (UN) has published a Policy Brief on the impact of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) that identifies policies and responses to protect older adults. Our objective was to summarize actions, health policies and clinical guidelines adopted by six European countries (Belgium, France, Italy, Poland, Spain and United Kingdom) during the pandemic, and to assess the impact of national policies on reducing adverse effects of the COVID-19 pandemic in older populations., Methods: Reports by geriatricians on the measures and actions undertaken by governmental institutions in each country between March and July 2020, as well as the role of primary care during the pandemic, covered three areas: (a) general health strategies related to the pandemic; (b) impact of COVID-19 on health inequity; and (c) initiatives and challenges for the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond., Results: In the six countries, COVID-19 mortality in nursing homes ranged from 26 to 66%. Although all countries endorsed the World Health Organization general recommendations, the reports identified the lack of harmonized European guidelines and policies for nursing homes, with competencies transferred to national (or regional) governments. All countries restricted visits in nursing homes, but no specific action plans were provided. The role of primary care was limited by the centralization of the crisis in hospital settings., Conclusions: The older population has been greatly affected by COVID-19 and by the policies initiated to control its spread. The right to health and dignity are transgenerational; chronological age should not be the sole criterion in policy decisions.

Introduction: Malnutrition and nutrition-related diseases are associated with hospital admissions, disability, institutionalization, and mortality in older people. Specialists in Geriatric Medicine and nutrition evaluate nutritional status as part of the comprehensive geriatric assessment; however, malnutrition still remains under-recognized and under-managed. Our survey explored nutrition assessment approaches used in daily clinical practice by geriatricians across Europe., Methods: A 19-item survey on methods and instruments for malnutrition assessment in geriatric settings, and details of any national guidelines, was sent to 40 postgraduate fellows of the European Academy of Medicine of Aging (EAMA, 2017-2019 class)., Results: Thirty-six of the 40 eligible EAMA participants, representing 14 European countries, responded. In clinical practice, MNA and MNA-SF were most frequently used for screening (44.1%, 52.9%, respectively) and diagnosing (45.7%, 40.0%) malnutrition. Weight loss (n = 36, 100%), body mass index (n = 30, 85.7%), and low energy/food intake (n = 27, 77.1%) were the most frequent clinical variables considered. The absolute and relative amount of weight loss, and over what time period, varied widely. These routinely considered clinical factors contribute to validated GLIM, ASPEN-AND and ESPEN criteria for diagnosis of malnutrition, but these criteria were seldom used (GLIM = 0%, ASPEN = 0%; n = 9, ESPEN = 25.7%). National guidelines were available in 9 of the 14 countries, and generally recommended MNA and MNA-SF for community-dwelling and hospitalized older patients. Albumin was often suggested as a nutritional marker., Conclusions: Nutritional assessment is systematically performed in geriatrics; but differs widely among geriatricians and countries. Harmonizing guidelines with the new international consensus might provide best-evidence care for older people across Europe., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest All authors declare they do not have any financial or personal relationships with other people or organizations that could inappropriately influence their work., (Copyright © 2019 European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)