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Human metapneumovirus (hMPV) is a widely distributed pathogen responsible for acute upper and lower respiratory infections of varying severity. Previously, we reported that N-sulfonated derivatives of poly(allylamine hydrochloride) (NSPAHs) efficiently inhibit replication of the influenza virus in vitro and ex vivo. Here, we show a dose dependent inhibition of hMPV infection by NSPAHs in LLC-MK2 cells. The results showed strong antiviral properties of NSPAHs. While the activity of NSPAHs is comparable to those of carrageenans, they show better physicochemical properties and may be delivered at high concentrations. The functional assays showed that tested polymers block hMPV release from infected cells and, consequently, constrain virus spread. Moreover, further studies on viruses utilizing different egress mechanisms suggest that observed antiviral effect depend on selective inhibition of viruses budding from the cell surface. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The authors begin with a reflection upon the role of science in the life of modern society. Then, they cite and describe the science and technology (S&T) efforts and programmes of the European Union, particularly those directed towards the countries of Central and Eastern Europe, as well as programmes and activities targeted at developing co-operation between the countries of the region, including initiatives that are not those of the European Union. Finally, they conclude with a description of possible ways to enhance collaboration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]