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Forest insurance exists for more than a century in lots of countries around the world. Currently, it is put forward as a recommended tool to finance resilience and adaptation towards climate change. However, little synthetic knowledge exists on forest insurance, although this seems to be a prerequisite for using insurance as an adaptation tool. This article aims at providing an overview of the current economics literature on the topic of forest insurance. More precisely, the objectives of this study are to carry out a review of the literature on this topic, to produce a bibliometric overview of knowledge on this issue, and thus to highlight scientific fronts. For that purpose, we propose a literature review. We collected 38 articles published in English between 1928 and 2021. We provide the following bibliometric information: journals, evolution over time of the publications, authors and co-citations network and analysis of the keywords. We also propose to synthesize the methods used, the various issues of interest, the risks considered and the countries where the studies were conducted. We show that an article on forest insurance has a high probability of being recent (after 2000) and of being published in the journal Forest Policy and Economics. In addition, it is highly probable that it will identify some determinants of insurance demand and that it will deal with fire risk in the U.S. or storm risk in Europe. Noting a small scientific community and a low number of publications, we identified seven fronts of science related to methods and data, new risks and uncertainties, public policies and forest insurance, and openness and the international dimension. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Theoretical economic literature dealing with the financing of unemployment insurance finds that experience rating helps to solve the externality caused by individually efficient but socially inefficient dismissals and hence reduces unemployment. This is, however, found in models where workers and firms bargain over wages individually. Introducing unionized wage bargaining which at least in continental Europe is a defining feature of the economy may reverse the result. This paper provides an example showing that wage setting by a monopoly union can result in an increase in unemployment. (JEL: J 30, J 64, J 65, J 68) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses ways in which the courts in the U.S. and Europe might assess what behavior is and what is not compliant with standard-setting organization (SSO) members' fair, reasonable and non-discriminatory (FRAND) commitments. It then attempts to give more tangible meaning to the concept of FRAND licensing. In doing so, it reviews the intellectual property and SSO literature, which find patent values to be highly unequal. It then discusses two options for giving content to FRAND that emerge from the courts. Moreover, it looks at the models in the economics literature that show promise of providing plausible benchmarks for FRAND. Other significant information and analyses relative to the matter are also provided.

This essay examines the association and possible lines of influence between John Ruskin's work on Gothic architecture in "The Stones of Venice" and Georges Bataille's recasting of economy in "The Accursed Share." Bataille explores an association between the squandering of economic resources and a resistance to reification, while Ruskin emphasizes the redemptive significance of Gothic architecture. The association of these works may seem implausible, and at worst contradictory. Bataille's religious commitment was short-lived, while Ruskin looked to the Christian cultural legacy of feudal Europe.

We discuss a practical method to price and hedge European contingent claims on assets with price processes which follow a jump-diffusion. The method consists of a sequence of trinomial models for the asset price and option price processes which are shown to converge weakly to the corresponding continuous time jump-diffusion processes. The main difference with many existing methods is that our approach ensures that the intermediate discrete time approximations generate models which are themselves complete, just as in the Black-Scholes binomial approximations. This is only possible by dropping the assumption that the approximations of increments of the Wiener and Poisson processes on our trinomial tree are independent, but we show that the dependence between these processes disappears in the weak limit. The approximations thus define an easy and flexible method for pricing and hedging in jump-diffusion models using explicit trees for hedging and pricing.Mathematics Subject Classification (2000):60B10, 60H35Journal of Economic Literature Classification:G13 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We measure the past production of research articles by current members of European economics institutions. All EconLit journals are used, weighted to reflect differences in quality. Both a long (1971–2000) and a short (1996–2000) time period are considered. We also provide production indices that take into account the authors' career length. The total output of each research center is measured as well as its production per member. The focus is on 600 centers from eighteen European countries (EU 14, Israel, Norway, Switzerland, and Turkey). European centers are compared to the top sixty U.S. economics departments. Statistics regarding the concentration of article production across researchers, institutions, and countries are provided, as well as on publication habits. (JEL: A14, L11, R32) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper introduces a symposium of EEA-funded studies that evaluate economics research in Europe. The paper considers some general issues in evaluations, paying special attention to the problem of selecting journal weights, and notes some special features of the individual studies. Despite their very different approaches, the same group of institutions tend to appear at the top of all lists, though individual ranks are sensitive to the choice of more or less elitist journal weights. All the studies show that the gap between economics research in Europe and the United States is narrowing, but remains very wide. (JEL: A10, J44) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Completing the internal market, the opportunities of the single market, the challenges of 1992; these phrases are common currency in many sectors of the media. The UK Department of Trade and Industry has promoted an 11m campaign to increase awareness of the impact of a single European market (SEM) on the UK business community. Debate is growing over the implications of the SEM for the future economic system of the European Community (EC). The plan to harmonise the VAT and excise duties systems of member countries has brought the issue of the SEM before a wide audience. It has also become clear that the SEM is not something which happens in 1992. Rather that 1992, or more accurately 1 January 1993, is an agreed date by which time it is hoped that the necessary steps will have been taken to remove the barriers preventing an SEM from emerging. Already over 130 of the proposed 279 necessary changes outlined in the White Paper have been agreed by the Council of Ministers. A great deal of activity is being generated in many sectors in "covering" the 1992 move. There have, however, been few serious studies of the economic impact of the SEM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Spiegel's professional life and contributions were outstanding and worth remembering. Spiegel's emigration from Europe to the United States was typical of many other émigré economists who were threatened by the turmoil in Europe during the 1930s. Spiegel was trained as a lawyer but not allowed to practice his trade simply because he was Jewish. But on arrival in the United States, he refocused his abilities from the legal field to the academy as an academic economist with a specialty in the fledgling field of development economics. Spiegel's originality as an historian of economics is revealed by his economists-on-other-economists projects that established a new genre of literature in economics. Spiegel's The Growth of Economic Thought is a masterful treatise on the history of economics, it is his greatest legacy and is still used in college teaching. This book is in print and supplies a descriptive rather than analytic approach to the story of how economics developed. In its breadth of coverage and links to sociology, philosophy, and even law, it is one of the best balanced treatments available. The current plans of economists in the People's Republic of China to translate the work into Chinese are noteworthy. As might be expected, Spiegel loved to collect books, and in his personal life with Cecile set aside time for warm companionship and a cultured life style. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the far-reaching and enduring effects of revolutionary war on economists and the field of economics. It cites the reduction of economics to a subservient art and the demise of economic journals of continental Europe. The opportunity for objective study has been seriously impaired. Emotion, prejudice and narrow nationalism are being used to discuss economics. The competitive elements of contemporary economic life failed to effectively integrate with the regulated and controlled elements. The diversity in administrative forms and friction in the relations among economic elements make more difficult the task of understanding.

The article presents a report from the European Economic Association (EEA) treasurer. For the year 2004, the association had cash reserves of 52,730 euros. The article mentions a liability of 80,000 euros that is owed to former editors of the European Economic Review (EER) for 2002, due to a legal dispute between EEA and Elsevier. The article discusses the impact of lower subscription fees for the online version of the "Journal of the European Economic Association" on revenue.

The article reports that the European Economic Association was created to contribute to the development of economics as a science in Europe. The organization planned to improve communication between teachers, researchers and students including the development of cooperation between universities and research institutions around the region. Its council is composed of economists from all over Europe. The members will receive copies of the "European Economic Review". The list of founding members will be published.

The article presents the editorial policy of KYKLOS, one of the best ranked general economics journals in Continental Europe. A refereed economics review, the journal provides significant advantages to the authors, apart from the high quality and wide publicity. In accepting manuscripts for publication, based on the referee reports, the editors decide whether the paper is, in principle, suitable for publication.

This article presents a list of books and journal articles, with brief introduction, on socioeconomic issues and developments in Africa. Two books, listed here, are: "The Awakening Frontier: Trade and Investment in Sub-Saharan Africa's Burgeoning 500 Million People Marketplace," by Jude Ebere Uba and "The Impact of Europe in 1992 on West Africa," by Olusegun Obasanjo and Hans d'Orville, which includes conference papers on the economic relations between European Commission countries and West African states. Some of the articles, listed here, are: "Botswana Survey," published in the December 1990 issue of the journal "African Business" and "Buyback: The Acceptable Face of Countertrade," by Shane Bonetti, published in the January 1991 issue of the journal "African Business."