13 results on '"Disease Notification standards"'
Search Results
2. Future directions for the European influenza reference laboratory network in influenza surveillance.
- Author
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Goddard N, Rebelo-de-Andrade H, Meijer A, McCauley J, Daniels R, and Zambon M
- Subjects
- Community Networks trends, Cooperative Behavior, Europe epidemiology, European Union, Humans, Iceland epidemiology, Influenza, Human epidemiology, Influenza, Human prevention & control, Interinstitutional Relations, Laboratories trends, Norway epidemiology, Public Health, Quality Control, Surveys and Questionnaires, Community Networks organization & administration, Disease Notification standards, Disease Outbreaks prevention & control, Influenza A virus isolation & purification, Influenza, Human diagnosis, Laboratories organization & administration, Population Surveillance methods
- Abstract
By defining strategic objectives for the network of influenza laboratories that have national influenza centre status or national function within European Union Member States, Iceland and Norway, it is possible to align their priorities in undertaking virological surveillance of influenza. This will help maintain and develop the network to meet and adapt to new challenges over the next 3-5 years and underpin a longer-term strategy over 5-10 years. We analysed the key activities undertaken by influenza reference laboratories in Europe and categorised them into a framework of four key strategic objectives areas: enhancing laboratory capability, ensuring laboratory capacity, providing emergency response and translating laboratory data into information for public health action. We make recommendations on the priority areas for future development.
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Where next for hepatitis B and C surveillance?
- Author
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Wiktor SZ
- Subjects
- Europe epidemiology, Humans, Disease Notification methods, Disease Notification standards, Epidemiological Monitoring, Hepatitis B epidemiology, Hepatitis B prevention & control, Hepatitis C epidemiology, Hepatitis C prevention & control
- Abstract
Hepatitis B and C infections are responsible for significant burden of disease accounting for 1.3 million deaths globally. There is a lack of quality data on the burden of disease due to these infections. One approach to informing policy makers on trends in hepatitis B and C is through case reporting of diagnosed cases. Data on these cases can identify outbreaks of hepatitis and monitor trends in acute and chronic infection. The European Centers for Disease Control (ECDC) has developed standardized case definitions and a harmonized reporting framework. Two articles in this issue summarize the trends in hepatitis B and C infection in Europe. The results show considerable variability in reported cases across countries, reflecting in part differences in testing practices. Risk factor information highlights the continued importance of injecting drug use as a risk factor for hepatitis C infection. Hepatitis case reporting provides valuable information, and more complete reporting will improve the utility of the data. For a comprehensive epidemiologic assessment of the burden of hepatitis, case reporting should be complemented by other sources of data, such as serologic and behavioural surveys., (© 2015 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. The World Health Organization retains copyright and all other rights in the manuscript of this article as submitted for publication.)
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Timeliness of epidemiological outbreak investigations in peer-reviewed European publications, January 2003 to August 2013.
- Author
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van de Venter E, Oliver I, and Stuart JM
- Subjects
- Disease Notification standards, Europe epidemiology, Humans, Peer Review, Research, Time Factors, Disease Outbreaks, Health Services Research, Periodicals as Topic, Public Health methods
- Abstract
Timely outbreak investigations are central in containing communicable disease outbreaks; despite this, no guidance currently exists on expectations of timeliness for investigations. A literature review was conducted to assess the length of epidemiological outbreak investigations in Europe in peer-reviewed publications. We determined time intervals between outbreak declaration to hypothesis generation, and hypothesis generation to availability of results from an analytical study. Outbreaks were classified into two groups: those with a public health impact across regions within a country and requiring national coordination (level 3) and those with a severe or catastrophic impact requiring direction at national level (levels 4 and 5). Investigations in Europe published between 2003 and 2013 were reviewed. We identified 86 papers for review: 63 level 3 and 23 level 4 and 5 investigations. Time intervals were ascertained from 55 papers. The median period for completion of an analytical study was 15 days (range: 4-32) for levels 4 and 5 and 31 days (range: 9-213) for level 3 investigations. Key factors influencing the speed of completing analytical studies were outbreak level, severity of infection and study design. Our findings suggest that guidance for completing analytical studies could usefully be provided, with different time intervals according to outbreak severity.
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Implementing strategic bundles for infection prevention and management.
- Author
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Kaier K, Wilson C, Hulscher M, Wollersheim H, Huis A, Borg M, Scicluna E, Lambert ML, Palomar M, Tacconelli E, De Angelis G, Schumacher M, Wolkewitz M, Kleissle EM, and Frank U
- Subjects
- Anti-Bacterial Agents pharmacology, Disease Notification standards, Drug Resistance, Microbial, Europe, Humans, Patient Safety, Practice Guidelines as Topic, Quality Assurance, Health Care standards, Risk Factors, Surveys and Questionnaires, Cross Infection prevention & control, Hospitals standards, Infection Control methods
- Abstract
Healthcare-associated infections (HAI) are considered to be the most frequent adverse event in healthcare delivery. Active efforts to curb HAI have increased across Europe thanks to the growing emphasis on patient safety and quality of care. Recently, there has been dramatic success in improving the quality of patient care by focusing on the implementation of a group or "bundle" of evidenced-based preventive practices to achieve a better outcome than when implemented individually. The project entitled IMPLEMENT is designed to spread and test knowledge on how to implement strategic bundles for infection prevention and management in a diverse sample of European hospitals. The general goal of this project is to provide evidence on how to decrease the incidence of HAI and to improve antibiotic use under routine conditions.
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Recommendations for reporting treatment of aortic graft infections.
- Author
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Teebken OE, Bisdas T, Assadian O, and Ricco JB
- Subjects
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S., Comorbidity, Demography, Europe, Humans, Prosthesis-Related Infections microbiology, Risk Factors, United States, Blood Vessel Prosthesis microbiology, Disease Notification standards, Practice Guidelines as Topic, Prosthesis-Related Infections diagnosis
- Abstract
The purpose of these recommendations is to provide a standard format for reporting treatment results and standardised epidemiologic data after aortic vascular graft infection to improve the comparison of clinical outcomes between different therapeutic approaches and different study populations. Analytical reporting standards for patients' characteristics, type and extent of the disease, type of treatment and study design are described. Adherence to these recommendations will improve clinical relevance, quality and comparability of future studies dealing with aortic vascular graft infections., (Copyright © 2011 European Society for Vascular Surgery. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Characteristics of reoffending accommodation sites in Europe with clusters of Legionnaires disease, 2003-2007.
- Author
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Ricketts KD, Yadav R, Rota MC, and Joseph CA
- Subjects
- Cluster Analysis, Disease Notification standards, Europe epidemiology, Humans, Infection Control, Legionella pneumophila isolation & purification, Legionnaires' Disease diagnosis, Legionnaires' Disease microbiology, Legionnaires' Disease prevention & control, Logistic Models, Recurrence, Risk Assessment, Water Microbiology, Water Supply, Disease Outbreaks, Housing, Legionnaires' Disease epidemiology, Population Surveillance, Travel
- Abstract
Between 2003 and 2007, 21% (n=100/477) of accommodation sites linked to clusters of two or more cases of Legionnaires’ disease that were investigated by the European Surveillance Scheme for Travel-Associated Legionnaires’ Disease (EWGLINET) went on to be associated with at least one further case, despite reporting that satisfactory control measures had been implemented at the time the cluster was first detected. This paper examines these sites (termed reoffenders) in order to determine whether they share any characteristics that may have contributed to the reoffence. All investigations conducted at cluster sites between 2003 and 2007 were included in the analysis, giving a total of 615 investigations conducted at 477 sites. Every country that investigated more than three cluster sites had to deal with at least one reoffence, and one site reoffended five times. The cases involved in the cluster that stayed elsewhere during their incubation periods could be used to help assess the probability of exposure, and therefore the risk, posed by particular cluster sites. A more extensive investigation and control regime may be needed in some instances to better control the risk of Legionnaires’ disease at an accommodation site.
- Published
- 2010
8. Under-reporting of HIV infection among cohorts of TB patients in the WHO European Region, 2003-2004.
- Author
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Scholten JN, de Vlas SJ, and Zaleskis R
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Data Collection standards, Disease Notification statistics & numerical data, Epidemiologic Studies, Europe epidemiology, HIV Infections complications, Humans, Linear Models, Middle Aged, National Health Programs statistics & numerical data, Population Surveillance methods, Tuberculosis epidemiology, World Health Organization, Disease Notification standards, HIV Infections epidemiology, Tuberculosis complications
- Abstract
Setting: The World Health Organization (WHO) European Region, which includes 52 countries., Objective: To assess an epidemiological data collection tool implemented in 2004 for recording human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) status among tuberculosis (TB) patients., Design: Based on WHO estimates, the reported number of TB patients with HIV was compared with the number expected. The analysis included all forms of TB and was restricted to adults, wherever possible. The numbers of TB patients detected from HIV/acquired immune-deficiency syndrome (AIDS) programmes (NAPs) were also assessed., Results: In 2003, 20 (38%) National TB Programmes (NTPs) reported 4602 (35%) HIV-infected TB cases of 13117 expected; in 2004, 23 (44%) NTPs reported 5902 (42%) cases of 13901 expected. In 2003, 47 (90%) NAPs reported 3575 (27%) TB cases as a new AIDS diagnosis, while in 2004, 40 (77%) NAPs reported 3901 (28%) TB cases. Those countries that did report, reported on average 60-65% of expected cases, irrespective of the kind of programme and the year., Conclusion: Most NTPs did not report TB cases with HIV infection. Overall, the number of cases reported in countries that reported data from either NTPs or NAPs was significantly lower than expected. Improved surveillance requires concerted efforts from both NTPs and NAPs.
- Published
- 2008
9. New International Health Regulations come into force.
- Subjects
- Cholera epidemiology, Disease Notification legislation & jurisprudence, Europe epidemiology, Humans, Plague epidemiology, Yellow Fever epidemiology, Bioterrorism prevention & control, Disease Notification standards, Disease Outbreaks prevention & control, Population Surveillance methods, World Health Organization organization & administration
- Published
- 2007
10. [Food borne infections: study of outbreaks--the key to the source].
- Author
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Ammon A
- Subjects
- Animals, Austria, Cooperative Behavior, Disease Notification standards, Europe, Foodborne Diseases prevention & control, Humans, International Cooperation, Population Surveillance, Zoonoses epidemiology, Zoonoses transmission, Disease Outbreaks prevention & control, European Union, Food Microbiology standards, Foodborne Diseases epidemiology
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Surveillance of tick-borne encephalitis in Europe and case definition.
- Author
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Günther G and Lindquist L
- Subjects
- Disease Notification standards, Encephalitis, Tick-Borne classification, Europe epidemiology, Humans, Mass Screening standards, Quality Assurance, Health Care methods, Quality Assurance, Health Care standards, Reproducibility of Results, Risk Assessment methods, Risk Assessment standards, Risk Factors, Sensitivity and Specificity, Disease Notification methods, Encephalitis, Tick-Borne diagnosis, Encephalitis, Tick-Borne epidemiology, Mass Screening methods, Population Surveillance methods, Terminology as Topic
- Abstract
The study by Stefanoff et al raises two important questions concerning tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) virus infections. First, the lack of a generally accepted case definition and secondly the quality of national surveillance of TBE cases. Ideally, reported cases should be confirmed and the clinically relevant cases with central nervous system (CNS) disease should be separated from febrile cases without CNS manifestations. The surveillance of TBE in the European countries is not uniform and not always mandatory. Efforts to reach a final diagnosis, especially in less severe cases and in children, varies as well as the awareness of the disease in low endemic regions. The only relevant and stable basis for national surveillance is cases with established CNS disease, although immunity to TBE virus after less severe febrile illness is of interest on individual basis. The ratio of non-CNS disease to CNS disease is generally believed to be about three, but there are regional differences in virulence. Significantly, age related differences are basically unknown.
- Published
- 2005
12. Travel associated legionnaires' disease in Europe: 2002.
- Author
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Ricketts K and Joseph C
- Subjects
- Disease Notification methods, Europe epidemiology, Humans, Legionella isolation & purification, Legionnaires' Disease diagnosis, Legionnaires' Disease transmission, Population Surveillance, Seasons, Space-Time Clustering, Disease Notification standards, Disease Outbreaks statistics & numerical data, Legionella pneumophila isolation & purification, Legionnaires' Disease epidemiology, Travel
- Abstract
Twenty countries reported 676 cases of travel associated legionnaires' disease to the EWGLINET surveillance scheme, and 94 clusters were detected. 80.5% of all cases were diagnosed by the urinary antigen test. On average there were 20.5 days between onset and report of cases, compared with 51.5 days in 1993. Between the introduction of the EWGLI investigation guidelines (on 1st July 2002) and the end of 2002, 37 six-week investigation reports were accepted as satisfactory and on time by the coordinating centre. 274 sites were investigated in total in 2002. The travel patterns of the main reporters in EWGLINET influenced the months of peak activity, and helped to determine which countries bore the greatest investigation burden.
- Published
- 2004
13. Genetically modified mouse health reporting: a need for global standardization.
- Author
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Martín-Caballero J, Naranjo A, and de la Cueva E
- Subjects
- Animals, Disease Transmission, Infectious prevention & control, Europe, Global Health, Infection Control, Mice, North America, Population Surveillance methods, Quality Control, Rodent Diseases microbiology, Rodent Diseases transmission, Disease Notification standards, Mice, Transgenic, Rodent Diseases diagnosis, Veterinary Medicine standards
- Abstract
The distribution of GM mice between facilities has raised new problems because of variable microbiological quality. One of the most important management issues concerns the methods of reporting laboratory animal health surveillance results. The authors evaluated the format and content of 380 health reports of mice received from 55 institutions in Europe and North America. Their results suggest that a standardized rodent health form would facilitate the management of laboratory mouse distribution and infection control.
- Published
- 2003
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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