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Introduction: Atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT) is one of the most common regular supraventricular arrhythmias referred for catheter ablation (CA). In Poland, several families with familial AVNRT (FAVNRT) were reported in Podkarpacie Province (PP). Objectives: We aimed to determine the frequency of FAVNRT in PP compared with other south-eastern provinces of Poland. Patients and methods: Clinical data of 1544 patients with AVNRT diagnosed by invasive electrophysiological study between 2010 and 2019 were screened for FAVNRT. From January 2017 to June 2019, patients were asked to provide details on family history and origin to obtain 3-generation pedigrees. Families with at least 2 members with previous CA of AVNRT were divided into those from south-eastern provinces (SEPs; including PP and bordering provinces [BPs]) and the remaining parts of Poland (RPP). Results: There were 932 patients from SEPs and 612 from RPP. FAVNRT was reported in 45 patients (2.91%) from 27 families, with a higher frequency in SEPs than RPP (4.02% vs 1.17%; P = 0.002) and the highest frequency in PP (6.33% vs 2.47% in BPs; P = 0.004). The risk of FAVNRT was higher in PP compared with BPs (odds ratio, 2.67; 95% CI, 1.36–5.23; P = 0.004) and similar in BPs compared with RPP (odds ratio, 2.14; 95% CI, 0.86–5.34; P = 0.1). Conclusions: A relationship exists between the geographic region and frequency of FAVNRT. A greater distance from PP was associated with less frequent FAVNRT. International cooperation and genetic testing are needed to confirm the genetic impact of FAVNRT in this part of Central Europe.

Introduction: Better knowledge and skills of basic life support can save millions of lives each year in Europe., Aim: The aim of this study was to measure the knowledge about basic life support in European students., Method: From 13 European countries 1527 volunteer participated in the survey. The questionnaire consisted of socio-demographic questions and knowledge regarding basic life support. The maximum possible score was 18., Results: Those participants who had basic life support training earned 11.91 points, while those who had not participated in lifesaving education had 9.6 points (p<0.001). Participants from former socialist Eastern European countries reached 10.13 points, while Western Europeans had average 10.85 points (p<0.001). The best results were detected among the Swedish students, and the worst among the Belgians., Conclusions: Based on the results, there are significant differences in the knowledge about basic life support between students from different European countries. Western European youth, and those who were trained had better performance.

Throughout Europe, higher education is undergoing great changes in order to establish what is being called the European Higher Education Area (EHEA) based on the Bologna process. The goal being the establishment of a uniform, transparent and efficient development of professionals in a higher education system that can react in a flexible way to the changes in the labor market, and to the challenges presented by increasing globalization. The aim of this article is to provide an overview of the Bologna process and to give a summary of the implemented initial stages in the health care higher education of Hungary. As a consequence, the Hungarian higher education in healthcare has undergone considerable reforms to facilitate transition into this new system. The results indicate that the new structure in health sciences is not compatible with other way of European countries of introducing Bologna reforms, although the content of the former BSc curriculum still remained the same. MSc programs are still being discussed.