1. ASIP and TYR pigmentation variants associate with cutaneous melanoma and basal cell carcinoma.
- Author
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Gudbjartsson DF, Sulem P, Stacey SN, Goldstein AM, Rafnar T, Sigurgeirsson B, Benediktsdottir KR, Thorisdottir K, Ragnarsson R, Sveinsdottir SG, Magnusson V, Lindblom A, Kostulas K, Botella-Estrada R, Soriano V, Juberías P, Grasa M, Saez B, Andres R, Scherer D, Rudnai P, Gurzau E, Koppova K, Kiemeney LA, Jakobsdottir M, Steinberg S, Helgason A, Gretarsdottir S, Tucker MA, Mayordomo JI, Nagore E, Kumar R, Hansson J, Olafsson JH, Gulcher J, Kong A, Thorsteinsdottir U, and Stefansson K
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Carcinoma, Basal Cell pathology, Case-Control Studies, Europe, Eye Color genetics, Gene Frequency, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Humans, Melanoma pathology, Membrane Glycoproteins genetics, Middle Aged, Neoplasm Metastasis, Odds Ratio, Oxidoreductases genetics, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Receptor, Melanocortin, Type 1 genetics, Registries, Skin Neoplasms pathology, Agouti Signaling Protein genetics, Carcinoma, Basal Cell genetics, Melanoma genetics, Monophenol Monooxygenase genetics, Pigmentation genetics, Skin Neoplasms genetics
- Abstract
Fair color increases risk of cutaneous melanoma (CM) and basal cell carcinoma (BCC). Recent genome-wide association studies have identified variants affecting hair, eye and skin pigmentation in Europeans. Here, we assess the effect of these variants on risk of CM and BCC in European populations comprising 2,121 individuals with CM, 2,163 individuals with BCC and over 40,000 controls. A haplotype near ASIP, known to affect a similar spectrum of pigmentation traits as MC1R variants, conferred significant risk of CM (odds ratio (OR) = 1.45, P = 1.2 x 10(-9)) and BCC (OR = 1.33, P = 1.2 x 10(-6)). The variant in TYR encoding the R402Q amino acid substitution, previously shown to affect eye color and tanning response, conferred risk of CM (OR = 1.21, P = 2.8 x 10(-7)) and BCC (OR = 1.14, P = 6.1 x 10(-4)). An eye color variant in TYRP1 was associated with risk of CM (OR = 1.15, P = 4.6 x 10(-4)). The association of all three variants is robust with respect to adjustment for the effect of pigmentation.
- Published
- 2008
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