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The Tropical Western-Central Indian Ocean (WCIO) precipitation anomalies play an important role in modulating the anomalous climate conditions in the North Atlantic and European (NAE) region during the early boreal winter (November–December; ND) season. In this study, we analyzed the forcing mechanism and predictability for the early winter tropical WCIO precipitation anomalies and its teleconnections to the North Atlantic region. The two main forcing mechanisms emerging are the autumn Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) and a direct atmospheric teleconnection from El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO). Since the autumn IOD is partially forced by ENSO, their independent contributions are also investigated. We found the IOD dominates over the ENSO contribution. The ECMWF-SEAS5 seasonal re-forecast reproduces these forcing mechanisms well and shows a substantial prediction skill for early winter WCIO precipitation. Moreover, the North Atlantic response to the positive WCIO phase projects spatially onto the positive North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) phase through atmospheric teleconnections and leads to warming in central and western Europe. This teleconnection is reproduced by ECMWF-SEAS5, but with weaker amplitude. Moreover, a significant prediction skill for the NAO as well as for the central and western European temperature anomalies is noted, which is mostly induced by the Indian Ocean precipitation anomalies during early winter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is a scarcity of data on endemic and regionally limited fungal and parasitic infections in recipients of haematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (HSCT) outside western Europe and North America. This Worldwide Network for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (WBMT) Review is one of two papers aiming to provide guidance to transplantation centres worldwide regarding prevention, diagnosis, and treatment based on the currently available evidence and expert opinion. These recommendations were created and reviewed by physicians with expertise in HSCT or infectious disease, representing several infectious disease and HSCT groups and societies. In this paper, we review the literature on several endemic and regionally limited parasitic and fungal infections, some of which are listed as neglected tropical diseases by WHO, including visceral leishmaniasis, Chagas disease, strongyloidiasis, malaria, schistosomiasis, histoplasmosis, blastomycosis, and coccidioidomycosis., Competing Interests: Declaration of interests MBCK declares honoraria from Gilead and an advisory board role at Gilead. RDLC declares honoraria from Gilead. NW: declares honoraria from Novartis, Kite Gilead, Sanofi Genzyme, and Therakos Mallinckrodt; consultancy fees from Novartis; travel fees from Kite Gilead and BMS Celgene; research funding from Sanofi Genzyme; and speaker fees from Therakos Mallinckrodt. EB declares honoraria from Novartis, Astellas, Alexion, Jazz Pharmaceuticals, Gilead, MSD, Keocyt, and Amgen; and travel fees from Novartis, Jazz Pharmaceuticals, and Amgen. JeS declares consultancy fees from Alexion, Sobi, and Takeda; honoraria from Alexion, Sobi, and Takeda; travel fees from Sobi; and an advisory board role at Prevail Therapeutics. JaS declares honoraria from MSD, Glead, TEVA, Atara, and Takeda. DW declares research funding from FATE therapeutics and Incyte. SKH declares honoraria from Pfizer, Novartis, Janssen, Therakos Mallinckrodt, Sanofi, and Roche. All other authors declare no competing interests., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Literature discussing endemic and regionally limited infections in recipients of haematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (HSCT) outside western Europe and North America is scarce. This Worldwide Network for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (WBMT) article is part one of two papers aiming to provide guidance to transplantation centres around the globe regarding infection prevention and treatment, and considerations for transplantation based on current evidence and expert opinion. These recommendations were initially formulated by a core writing team from the WBMT and subsequently underwent multiple revisions by infectious disease experts and HSCT experts. In this paper, we summarise the data and provide recommendations on several endemic and regionally limited viral and bacterial infections, many of which are listed by WHO as neglected tropical diseases, including Dengue, Zika, yellow fever, chikungunya, rabies, brucellosis, melioidosis, and leptospirosis., Competing Interests: Declaration of interests MBK declares honoraria from Gilead and an advisory board role at Gilead. RDLC declares honoraria from Gilead. NW declares honoraria and consultancy fees from Novartis; travel and honoraria from Kite Gilead; honoraria and research funding from Sanofi Genzyme; honoraria and speaker fees from Therakos Mallinckrodt; and travel fees from BMS Celgene. EB declares honoraria Novartis, Astellas, Alexion, Gilead, MSD, Keocyt, Jazz Pharmaceuticals, and Amgen; and travel fees from Jazz Pharmaceuticals, Novartis, and Amgen. JeS declares honoraria from Alexion, Sobi, and Takeda; consultancy fees from Alexion, Sobi, and Takeda; travel fees from Sobi; and an advisory board role at Prevail Therapeutics. JaS declares honoraria from MSD, Glead, TEVA, Atara, and Takeda. DW declares research funding from FATE therapeutics: Research Funding and Incyte. SKH declares honoraria from Pfizer, Novartis, Janssen, Therakos Mallinckrodt, Sanofi, and Roche. YA declares lecture fees from Novartis, AbbVie GK, and Astellas and consultancy honoraria from Meiji Seika, JCR Pharmaceuticals, and Kyowa Kirin. PL declares honoraria from Takeda, OctaPharma, and MSD. All other authors declare no competing interests., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

African swine fever (ASF) is a highly lethal haemorrhagic disease of swine caused by African swine fever virus (ASFV), a unique and genetically complex virus. The disease continues to be a huge burden to the pig industry in Africa, Europe and recently in Asia, especially China. The purpose of this review was to recapitulate the current scenarios and evolving trends in ASF vaccine development. The unavailability of an applicable ASF vaccine is partly due to the complex nature of the virus, which encodes various proteins associated with immune evasion. Moreover, the incomplete understanding of immune protection determinants of ASFV hampers the rational vaccine design. Developing an effective ASF vaccine continues to be a challenging task due to many undefined features of ASFV immunobiology. Recent attempts on DNA and live attenuated ASF vaccines have been reported with promising efficacy, and especially live attenuated vaccines have been proved to provide complete homologous protection. Single-cycle viral vaccines have been developed for various diseases such as Rift Valley fever and bluetongue, and the rational extension of these strategies could be helpful for developing single-cycle ASF vaccines. Therefore, live attenuated vaccines in short term and single-cycle vaccines in long term would be the next generation of ASF vaccines., (© 2019 Blackwell Verlag GmbH.)