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This research examined how changes in attacking third pass behavior can impact a team's ability to maintain leads and secure wins based on data collected from the 2011-2012 English Premier League Season. A team's attacking third behavior is measured by the number of attacking third passes completed per minute. The results of this paper suggest that while teams tend to complete less passes in the final third when they are ahead in a match vs. being behind, there is evidence to suggest that a drop in attacking third pass behavior when ahead in a match will reduce the likelihood of maintaining a lead and securing three points. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Acute kidney injury (AKI) following ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm (rAAA) repair is common and multifactorial. A standard definition of AKI after endovascular repair (EVAR), the Aneurysm Renal Injury Score (ARISe), has been proposed to facilitate standardised reporting and thus improve understanding of this issue., Methods: Data were collected retrospectively on AKI in a prospectively maintained database of all patients treated for rAAA in a single tertiary referral centre since the availability of routine out of hours emergency EVAR. The ARISe score was used to describe the degree of AKI and factors which correlated with poor renal outcomes were assessed., Results: Two-hundred and five patients were treated between January 2006 and April 2014. Of these, 125 were treated with open repair (OSR) and 80 were treated with EVAR. Severe AKI (defined as ARISe score ≥3) occurred in 36% of patients. After correction for confounders, patients treated with OSR were significantly more likely to develop severe AKI (43% vs. 26%, p = .02). There was no significant difference in preoperative serum creatinine between groups, but increased preoperative serum creatinine was strongly associated with severe AKI postoperatively (p < .001). Age, sex, endograft type, and preoperative CT scanning were not associated with differences in renal outcomes. Clamp position above renal arteries was predictive of severe AKI in patients treated with OSR (p < .01). Patients suffering severe AKI had significantly higher mortality at 30 days and 12 months (28% vs. 5% and 44% vs. 13%, p < .001 for both comparisons)., Conclusion: Severe AKI is common following successful repair of rAAA. In this large case series of high-risk patients, OSR was associated with significantly higher rates of severe AKI compared with EVAR, despite the increased dose of contrast involved in EVAR and the older age of these patients. In turn, severe AKI was associated with higher mortality rates., (Copyright © 2015 European Society for Vascular Surgery. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Objectives: Little is known about patient's ability to return to work following surgical revascularization for lower limb claudication. A retrospective cohort study was performed to determine the effect of lower limb surgical revascularization on subsequent employment status., Design and Methods: Patients who had undergone surgical revascularization between February 2001 and February 2005 and who were aged <65 years, were identified from a prospective database and contacted via a postal questionnaire., Results: Of 139 patients identified 19 had died. Questionnaires were returned by 80/120 patients (66.7%). Of these 8, 36 and 36 patients had undergone aortic, groin or infra-inguinal procedures respectively. Pre-operatively, 59 were employed, 17 unemployed and 4 retired. Post-operatively, 51 returned to work, 16 were unemployed, and 13 retired. Those who retired post-operatively were significantly older (p<0.05) than the remainder. After a median hospital stay of 15 (iqr 4-45) days those returning to work did so after a further 26 (iqr 7-112) days, although this was delayed following aortic procedures (p<0.05) and in patients with non-intermediate occupations (p<0.05)., Conclusions: Two thirds of potentially employable patients with claudication return to work following surgery including all those undergoing lower limb revascularization who were employed pre-operatively. This is influenced by age, the type of procedure and pre-operative occupation. This data can be used to predict return to work in patients requiring surgery for intermittent claudication.

Introduction: The workload of vascular services will substantially increase in the foreseeable future with the recent changes in surgical training presenting a challenge to training and recruitment in vascular surgery. This study aimed to determine the current feelings towards vascular surgery as a career choice from basic surgical trainees (BSTs) within a single region., Materials and Methods: BSTs from a single region were questioned. Probable career specialty choice was ascertained, as were suggestions for changes to the career pathway of a vascular surgeon to make it a more attractive career choice., Results: Seventy-seven of 110 BSTs returned the questionnaire. Of the 77, 52 had previous experience of a vascular firm. Ten BSTs had been on a pure vascular firm as an SHO and 52 had been on a general surgical firm. No BST specified vascular surgery as their ultimate career choice. Career choices included general surgery (n = 30), orthopaedics (n = 17), plastic surgery (n = 9) and urology (n = 5). Thirty-three BSTs would not be tempted at all to a career in vascular surgery. Changes in the career structure that would result in BSTs contemplating a career in vascular surgery included the inclusion of endovascular surgery (n = 13), no compulsion to undertake a period of research (n = 5), pure vascular training (n = 2), more general surgical training (n = 2) and less onerous on-calls when older (n = 2)., Conclusions: The lack of trainees wishing to become vascular surgeons is of grave concern. Increasing the endovascular capabilities of vascular surgeons as well as altering the stance on research may have an increasingly positive role in recruitment.