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This research aims to address barriers and obstacles to the adoption of value management (VM) in the Egyptian building projects. Furthermore, the primary contribution of this research paper is to establish the current level of the VM implementation in the Egyptian construction industry which is the first research that appears this level. The research was limited to the regions of Cairo and Giza, and clients, consultants, and contractors with sufficient experience in building construction management are the key participants. With a view to find answers from those who work actively as part of the construction industry, a quantitative questionnaire survey was used. The analysis of the collected data was based on descriptive statistical tools. Research shows that the critical barriers in the construction industry are inadequate facilitation of skills and training, and difficulty in the involvement of decision-makers and other key partners in the VM workshop. The results constitute barriers to VM implementation in the country and its guidelines will significantly promote VM adoption, both in the country and in other developing nations, where the same projects are carried out. On the other hand, this study concluded that implementation and usage of the VM technology concept within the organization has a significant impact on professionals and management skills. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Management of facial skin cancer and its complications is important research topics needing continuous update to improve the outcome., Objective: The study is to share our findings with surgeons and healthcare providers. The authors provide their efforts by pooling data from multiple institutions; as reporting surgical outcomes is significantly lacking and much needed in the Middle East and North Africa region in order to meaningfully improve quality of care. This study proposes an algorithm for management that could aid a surgical decision-making for reconstruction of defects after excision of facial skin cancer., Methods: Retrograde simple descriptive analysis study is conducted for multicenter data about management of facial skin cancer and its cosmetic outcome. The analysis involves 159 male patients and 95 females., Results: Nonmelanoma skin cancer was reported in 250 (98.4%) of 254 cases. Reconstructive procedures were complicated in 16 cases (~6.3% of the study). Skin cancer recurrence in head and neck has happened in five cases (~1.9% of the study). Flaps used survived without major complications; however, V-Y advancement flaps showed the best aesthetic outcome., Conclusion: This study reports data in order to meaningfully improve the quality of care. Disease incidence, reconstructive complications, recurrences, and aesthetic outcome of facial skin cancer are included in the study. Based on the data pooling, the study proposes a simple treatment algorithm that could aid in surgical decision-making. V-Y advancement flaps showed the best aesthetic outcome., (© 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.)