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Decentralized generation has gained importance in the energy industry, since self-consumption with renewable resources presents attractive costs and allows load management actions. In this sense, photovoltaic generation systems are a promising technology. This work presents a proposal for a peak shaving system using solar photovoltaic (PV) energy and a battery storage system, known as battery energy storage systems (BESS), to be installed by an industrial customer to reduce energy consumption during peak hours. For the study, a hybrid approach is presented, starting from deterministic variables, such as the demand curve of the industry under study, and the generation of stochastic variables, such as the energy production of the photovoltaic system. For the analysis of the proposed peak shaving system, the design and sizing of the photovoltaic systems are developed in a base case of self-generation and an optimized system for the system to cover the energy demand generated during peak hours. The technical–economic study carried out in the research allowed us to determine the optimal power of the photovoltaic system with the storage system. The proposed system allows the integration of a peak shaving strategy from a certain power limit, in order to cover the peak demand over this power limit, allowing the system to be profitable under the current regulations and standards in Ecuador. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a technical, economic, and environmental analysis and optimization of the impact of the reduction of diesel fuel subsidy in the design of an off-grid hybrid power system (OHPS). The OHPS includes a diesel generator, battery energy storage system (BESS), and a solar power system (SPS). This impact will focus on the electricity production levels of each of the OHPS components according to the increase of the fuel price and the SPS size. The Bellavista community in Ecuador was selected as the case study for this work. In this South American country, the government has begun a gradual increase in the diesel fuel price until it reaches international prices. Fifteen scenarios of OHPSs were simulated, in Homer Pro software, considering three SPS sizes and varying the diesel fuel price in five values. The annual load profile for the simulations was built based on the information of a previous study in this community. The results showed that for lower fuel prices (USD$0.26/L and USD$0.35/L), the OHPSs worked mostly with their diesel generators with reduced use of their BESSs. However, there was a higher penetration of the power delivered from the SPSs and BESSs, with higher fuel prices (USD$0.44/L, USD$0.53/L, and USD$0.62/L). These OHPSs considerably reduced their CO2 emissions compared with the standalone diesel generator scenario. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]