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Aim: The aim of this work was to create a proposal design of the educational programme in surgical oncology (oncosurgery) in the Czech Republic, which would provide a recognized official specialty training for surgeons., Material and Methodology: The programme was designed based on experience with this specialty in Europe and USA, as well as on the authors' own long-term practical experience in oncosurgery. The material was discussed by the Committee of the Czech Surgical Association and ammended based on the comments., Outcomes: The proposed surgical oncology (oncosurgery) educational programme is designed as a subspecialty of general surgery and its aim is to gain high qualification for the treatment of solid tumors. The course duration is 3 years and is aimed at theoretical and clinical knowledge on tumor disorders. The practical training includes the following modules: Melanomas and sarcomas, Gastrointestinal surgery, Endocrine surgery, Breast surgery and Thoracic surgery. The trained doctor must gain practical experience in at least one module., Conclusion: The surgical oncology (oncosurgery) educational programme proposal was submitted to the Czech Republic Ministry of Health at the end of 2008. The authors applied for the programme to be included in the postgradual training system.

Aim: The aim of this work was to point out the role and the significance of surgery in the management of oncology patients in the Czech Republic (CR)., Material and Methodology: Involvement of surgery in the management of patients with solid tumors is documented based on statistical data collected from the National Oncologic Registry., Results: In the Czech Republic, the number of patients operated for newly diagnosed malignant tumors is constantly increasing, e.g. over 44,000 patients in 2005. Considering tumor locations, various surgical specialists are involved in the surgical management of solid tumors. Overall, during the studied period, surgeons were involved in 32,760 surgical procedures, i.e. 73.6 % of all newly diagnosed malignant solid tumors. Oncosurgical procedures are, to a certain extent, performed in all surgical clinics in the Czech Republic (currently, there are 157 surgical clinics in the Czech Republic). The rates of procedures for individual diagnoses do not correspond with the "high volume hospital" principle., Conclusion: Based on the analysis of the current situation in the management of solid tumors in the Czech Republic, the authors recommend rational concentration of oncosurgical procedures to fewer surgical clinics, adequate financing of sophisticated oncosurgical procedures in these clinics and classification of oncosurgery as a recognized official medical specialty.

In general, the cancer incidence becomes stabilized in the Czech Republic during last years. However, the incidence of colorectal and renal cancers remains increasing and dominates also in European comparisons. A program of cancer prevention and early detection needs to be established at least for six so called preventable cancers as breast, lung, colorectal, cervical and prostatic carcinomas and malignant melanoma, which represent together 40 % of all oncological cases. The aim is reduction of cancer mortality as well as improved effectivity of cancer treatment and cost reduction. More efficient utilisation of the National Cancer Registry data for monitoring of the cancer management is suggested with an application of the project SVOD - the software system of visualisation of oncological data.