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Objectives . Relapse prevention is one of the most important goals of long-term schizophrenia management, as relapse is both distressing and costly. Family intervention supplementation to standard treatment could reduce the relapse rate. This study assessed the influence of a short-term, clinically based, and profesionally led family psychoeducation programme on a 1-year relapse rate. Methods . A total of 120 patients were recruited upon discharge from two psychiatric hospitals in Prague: (1) Site A ( N =86), where family psychoeducation is offered to all patients with schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, and acute psychotic episode with schizophrenic symptoms; and (2) Site B ( N =34), where no such programme was offered. Results . Compared to nonparticipants, psychoeducation participants had a shorter average length of rehospitalization stay (5.89 vs. 17.78 days, P =0.045) in a 1-year follow-up after discharge. The probability of rehospitalization during a 1-year follow-up was higher for patients from the site that did not provide psychoeducation. Conclusions . A shorter average length of rehospitalization of psychoeducation participants, a high turnout of first-episode patients, and positive responses of psychoeducation participants suggest that family psychoeducation should be supplemented early in the course of the illness to achieve favourable treatment outcomes and minimize adverse health and the social consequences of schizophrenia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]