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Aim The aim of this study was to monitor the use of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) in the Czech Republic for the purpose of harmonizing national practice. Method A 13-item questionnaire was sent to all Czech inpatient psychiatric facilities. This questionnaire assessed technical background of ECT, indications for the treatment, procedure in detail, way of documentation and monitoring of side effects. Results ECT is used 23 centers (10 psychiatric hospitals, 5 university psychiatric departments and 8 psychiatric wards) across the Czech Republic. There is no special legal act regulating the use of ECT in the CR, but there are guidelines issued by the Czech Psychiatric Society available. All centers use instruments delivering brief pulse stimuli. All patients have to be indicated for this treatment and have to sign inform consent form/excluding situation when patient's life is endangered/. Somatic state is assessed/EKG, blood tests, eye check-up regularly and other examinations in individual cases/. Thiopenthal and succinylcholine are used most often for anesthesia and myorelaxation. Bitemporal electrode placement is the preferred option in all centers. The ECT is provided 2–4 times a week in special ECT rooms in the presence of staff team/psychiatrist, anesthetist, psychiatric and anesthesiological nurses/. Continuation ECT and outpatient ECT is not used. The procedure including side effects is documented in individual patient's documentation, but summarizing documentation is conducted only in some centers. Conclusion ECT is widely used in the Czech Republic. Procedures in all centers follow national guidelines. There is need to improve documentation system to harmonize national practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]