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The article reports on the first recorded occurrence of powdery mildew in rhododendron bushes in the Czech Republic. Upper and lower leaf surfaces of varieties such as Rhododendron mollis and R. luteum were observed with powdery mildew symptoms, including purpling of infected areas. Seed pods of these species were also infected with the fungus. The pathogenicity of the fungus was confirmed by pressing diseased leaves onto healthy inoculated and non-inoculated R. mollis plants. Powdery mildew symptoms appeared on the leaves of inoculated plants after 12 days.