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This paper contains an in-depth exploration of the relation between police code of silence and police assignment. A police integrity survey was used to measure the contours of the code among Croatian patrol officers, detectives, and community-policing officers. Samples of police officers evaluated fourteen hypothetical scenarios describing various forms of police misconduct. Whereas the type of assignment was a weak predictor of the respondents' adherence to the code of silence, the respondents' assessments of misconduct seriousness and expected discipline, as well as perceptions whether other officers would report misconduct, were strong predictors of the respondents' own expressed adherence to the code. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study tests the link between internal procedural justice (fair treatment of police officers by supervisors) and external procedural justice (fair treatment of citizens by police officers), proposed by Van Craen and previously tested only in a few Western democracies and Asian countries. This paper relies on a survey of police officers from Croatia, an East-European country in transition, and expands the model by incorporating the potential effect of the police officers' support for community policing on the fair treatment of citizens. Our model, based on the data from a 2017 survey of 638 Croatian police officers, demonstrated that the latent variable internal procedural justice had a modest, positive association with trust in the public, while the latent variable of community policing values did not have a significant association with trust in the public. The antecedent variable community policing values serves as the model's strongest predictor of external procedural justice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores public views about police integrity and contrasts them with the police views about police integrity. It also compares citizen and police officer views about the police. A modified version of the police integrity survey, containing 14 hypothetical vignettes describing various forms of police misconduct, was distributed to both students and police officers in Croatia. The respondents in the study, 1,142 police officers from Croatia and 450 students from the University of Zagreb, shared their views of how serious most police officers would evaluate misconduct, the expected discipline, and whether they would report the described misconduct. The results suggest not only that students expressed less positive views of the police than police officers themselves did, but also that students expressed attitudes associated with somewhat lower integrity than police officers did. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the factors affecting police officer willingness to adhere to a code of silence among the police in Croatia and Serbia. The paper explores the factors predicting police codes of silence in two countries formed after the dissolution of the former Yugoslavia in the early 1990s that pursued separate development paths. A police integrity questionnaire recorded the views of 1,007 police officers in Croatia and 1,843 police officers in Serbia. Multivariate modelling was used to analyse the predictors of officers' perceptions of whether they would report the violation in different scenarios. Decades since the break-up of the former Yugoslavia, the results indicate that many of the factors predicting the code of silence remain similar across police officers in the two countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]