1. Vaccination with the Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus viral replicon vaccine induces NP-based T-cell activation and antibodies possessing Fc-mediated effector functions.
- Author
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Scholte, F. E. M., Karaaslan, E., O'Neal, T. J., Sorvillo, T. E., Genzer, S. C., Welch, S. R., Coleman-McCray, J. D., Spengler, J. R., Kainulainen, M. H., Montgomery, J. M., Pegan, S. D., Bergeron, E., and Spiropoulou, C. F.
- Subjects
IMMUNE response ,HEMORRHAGIC fever ,IMMUNOGLOBULINS ,VIRAL vaccines ,FC receptors ,VIRAL antibodies ,T cells ,VACCINE effectiveness - Abstract
Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV; family Nairoviridae) is a tick-borne pathogen that frequently causes lethal disease in humans. CCHFV has a wide geographic distribution, and cases have been reported in Africa, Asia, the Middle East, and Europe. Availability of a safe and efficacious vaccine is critical for restricting outbreaks and preventing disease in endemic countries. We previously developed a virus-like replicon particle (VRP) vaccine that provides complete protection against homologous and heterologous lethal CCHFV challenge in mice after a single dose. However, the immune responses induced by this vaccine are not well characterized, and correlates of protection remain unknown. Here we comprehensively characterized the kinetics of cell-mediated and humoral immune responses in VRP-vaccinated mice, and demonstrate that they predominantly target the nucleoprotein (NP). NP antibodies are not associated with protection through neutralizing activity, but VRP vaccination results in NP antibodies possessing Fc-mediated antibody effector functions, such as complement activation (ADCD) and antibody-mediated cellular phagocytosis (ADCP). This suggests that Fc-mediated effector functions may contribute to this vaccine'sefficacy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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