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Among the pathogens in bacterial otic processes, microorganisms such as Staphylococcus pseudintermedius, Pseudomona auriginosa, Proteus mirabilis, Escherichia coli, Corynebacterium spp., Enterococcus spp., and Streptococcus spp. stand out, for which resistance to antibiotics has been described employed to combat them. In Colombia there are few reports about the antibiotic resistance of microorganisms that cause otitis. For that reason, the purpose of this study was to determine the bacterial agents most frequently isolated from canine ear infections and their resistance to antibiotics from samples of ear secretions sent to a veterinary laboratory in Medellín during 2019. In order to do that, an cross-sectional, retrospective descriptive study was done. The results of the antibiograms performed from bacterial cultures obtained from ear samples sent to a reference laboratory in the city of Medellín were analyzed. A frequency analysis was carried out for the total sample. It was found that the main isolated bacterial microorganisms were Staphylococcus pseudintermedius, Pseudomona auriginosa, Proteus mirabili and Staphylococcus aureus. Gentamicin was the drug with the highest percentage of resistance and cephalexin the one with the least resistance. It was possible to conclude that Staphylococcus pseudintermedius is linked in more than 60% of cases of bacterial otitis and the resistance presented by microorganisms varies over time. The group of aminoglycosides antibiotics was the one which microorganisms are manifesting more percentage of resistance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Ixodes tropicalis is a little-known tick species reported parasitizing wild rodents only in Colombia and Perú. Objective: To report a case of I. tropicalis infesting a human in the south of the metropolitan area of the Valle de Aburrá, Antioquia, Colombia, and to report the molecular detection of Rickettsia bellii in this species. Materials and methods: The tick was identified using a morphological key and sequencing of tick mitochondrial 16S rRNA. Additionally, bacterial and protozoa pathogens were evaluated using PCR for the detection of Rickettsia spp., family Anaplasmataceae, Borrelia spp., and piroplasmid. Results: We identified the tick as an I. tropicalis female according to Kohls, 1956, description and to partial 16S rRNA sequences showing a minimum of 5% divergencies compared to Ixodes sequences. We also detected the gltA gene of R. bellii in the tick with 99.87% of identity. Conclusion: This is the first report in Colombia of a species of the Ixodes genus parasitizing a human and the first report of the detection of R. bellii in this tick species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Leaf-cutting ants Atta cephalotes (Linnaeus) are one of the main insect pests in Latin America; these ants (along with Acromyrmex spp.) present a unique characteristic amongst ants, - the cultivation of the Leucoagaricus gongylophorus Möller (Singer) fungus as a food source. They belong to tribe Attini and build nests in underground chambers which are interconnected by pathways. These voracious ants have attacked over 45 crop fields in Colombia. The main control method has been the use of synthetic chemical products; however, alternative control measures must be established. One alternative that has a great potential are bacteria and their secondary metabolites. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the insecticidal and antifungal effect of bacterial extracts on major worker A. cephalotes ants and the L. gongylophorus fungus. Methods: A total of 118 extracts produced by the same number of bacteria were evaluated. Among the strains that produced the active extracts were: Serratia sp., Xenorhabdus nematophila, Photorhabdus sp., and Bacillus thuringiensis. From each bacterium, extracts were prepared to test both insecticidal and repellent activity on worker ants, also to evaluate growth inhibition assays on L. gongylophorus. Results: Seventeen extracts showed insecticidal activity upon contact, 13 by ingestion, while 8 showed antifungal activity that was statistically significant. In total, 23 bacterial extracts exhibited some type of activity to control Atta cephalotes. Conclusions: The results show 23 bacterial extracts with some type of activity to control A. cephalotes, which exposes the potential there is to explore bacteria, especially entomopathogenic bacteria, which may contain interesting genes for the biological control of insects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Biomédica: Revista del Instituto Nacional de Salud is the property of Instituto Nacional de Salud of Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Colombia, as a leading exporter of coffee smooth, in 2008 produced an average of 12 524 thousand bags of coffee, each 60 kg, of which 3 005 tones are coffee cherry, these large volumes produced post-harvest, are considered contaminants. These products can be used to produce organic fertilizer. The traditional composting process takes about 150 days because of that the decreasing time to 40 days, it is proposed. Isolation of microorganisms from a pre-enrichment in a basal medium cherry Saline (MBS) to obtain axenic cultures, were identified and tested for compatibility between the consortia to select strains tested. Four 4 biopiles were made with a weight of 175 kg each one and one control. They were inoculated by spraying with a concentration of 3 x 10 7 CFU/mL during 10, 20 and 30 days, with monitoring of physical parameters. They were isolated and identified 8 strains: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Citrobacter koseri, Bacillus sp, Escherichia coli, Stenotrophomona maltophilia, Cromobacterium spp, Pseudomonas spp. The carbon-nitrogen (C/N) ratio in the stack 1 (9.6 %), in the stack 2 (10 %), and the pile 4 (9.5 %) fulfilled the established values (< 20 %), showing maturity and sanitary quality with low levels of fecal coliform and total absence of Salmonella. The results in 40 days allowed a compost that meets the parameters established by the Colombian technical standard (5167 NTC, 2004). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Colombiana de Biotecnología is the property of Universidad Nacional de Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: To determine the prevalence of acute diarrheal disease's agents in children under five years who consulted to emergency services in Bucaramanga, Colombia, between September and October, 2006. Materials and methods: Descriptive study with prospective data collection. Stool samples were randomly collected through the days of the week and the time of the day (morning, afternoon, night). Each sample was tested for Rotavirus, Salmonella spp, Shigella spp, parasites and coccidias. Results: One-hundred and eighty children under five years were studied. The median age was 12 months. Rotavitus was detected in 44,4% (95%CI 37,1-52,0) of stool simples; no pathogenic agent was detected in 19,4% of cases. The prevalence of other pathogenic agents was: 8,9% (95%CI 5,2-14,0) Blastocystis hominis, 7,8% (95%CI 4,3-12,8) Giardia duodenalis, 7,8% (95%CI 4,3-12,8) Salmonella spp, 5,0% (95%CI 2,3-9,3) Entamoeba histolytica dispar, 2,8% (95%CI 0,9-6,4) Shigella spp, 2,8% (95%CI 0,9-6,4) Entamoeba histolytica plus Blastocystis hominis, 0,6% (95%CO 0,0-3,1) Giardia duodenalis plus Entamoeba histolytica, 0,6% (IC 95% 0,0-3,1) rotavirus plus Blastocystis hominis. Conclusions: Rotavirus has an important place in the municipality of Bucaramanga as the principal pathogenic agent in children under fiver years with acute diarrheal disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]