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Background: The incidence of stroke in China is increasing, along with a clear trend in the prevalence of risk factors. Alcohol consumption is also a risk factor for stroke. Many cohort studies have explored the relationship between alcohol consumption and stroke risk. However, findings have been inconsistent. Methods: We used cluster sampling to select 13 districts and counties (at the same level) in Chongqing, China. Then, we used stratified random sampling to distribute the number of people in each district and county. 23,308 adults aged 30–79 were recruited between October 2018 and February 2019. Follow-up was conducted through a monitoring system and questionnaires until September 2022. Information on alcohol consumption and other covariates was collected using a standardized questionnaire. Participants were asked to report their weekly frequency of drinking over the past year and weekly intake of various alcoholic beverages in general. The frequency of drinking was divided into three categories: 1–2 d/week, 3–5 d/week, and 6–7 d/week. The average daily alcohol consumption is calculated based on the amount of alcohol contained in different alcoholic beverages. It is classified as nondrinker (0 g/day), light (0 to 12 g/day), moderate (13 to 36 g/day), and high (> 36 g/day). Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to estimate the association between alcohol consumption and stroke risk. Results are shown as multivariate-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs). Results: With an average follow-up of 3.80 years, there were 310 new stroke events. The incidence of total stroke was 368.69 per 100,000 person-years. Overall, after adjusting for covariates, moderate alcohol consumption (average daily alcohol consumption 13–36 g/d) was associated with a lower risk of total stroke (HR: 0.48; 95% CI: 0.25–0.92) compared with nondrinkers. The adjusted HR and 95% CI for total stroke and ischemic stroke for those who drank alcohol 6–7 days per week were 0.60(0.37, 0.96) and 0.53(0.30, 0.94), respectively. The risk of total stroke (HR: 0.39; 95% CI: 0.17–0.89) was reduced in a pattern of drinking 6–7 days per week but with a mean alcohol consumption of less than 36 g/d. There was no significant association between alcohol consumption and hemorrhagic stroke. Conclusion: This study suggests moderate alcohol consumption is associated with a lower risk of total stroke. And healthy drinking patterns should be of more significant concern. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To examine the relationship between diabetes and snoring frequency and determine the effect of menopause and postmenopausal years on this relationship. Methods: We included 12,218 premenopausal and postmenopausal women from part of the baseline of the China Multi-Ethnic Cohort study (CMEC) in Chongqing province. Face-to-face questionnaires, physical examination, and biological samples were used to collect data. Logistic regression and subgroup analysis were used to explore the relationship between snoring and diabetes in women with various menopausal statuses. Results: The risk of diabetes increased with the snoring frequency, with adjusted odds ratios of 1.23 (95% CI:1.05– 1.43) and 1.47 (95% CI:1.25– 1.73) for sometimes snoring and frequent snoring, compared to non-snoring. In premenopausal and postmenopausal women, frequent snoring increased the odds of diabetes by 58% (95% CI: 7– 132%) and 43% (95% CI: 20– 72%), respectively, compared to non-snoring. Only in women who were ≥ 10 years postmenopausal had a statistical association between frequent snoring and diabetes, with a 54% (95% CI: 23– 92%) increased odds of diabetes, compared to women who did not snore. Conclusion: Snoring frequency is positively associated with diabetes. Women who snore frequently before and for at least ten years after menopause are at higher risk of developing diabetes. Frequent snorers and long-term postmenopausal women should monitor blood glucose levels to aid in the early detection and treatment of diabetes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]