Search

The coordination of policy measures and objectives can boost the effects of policy implementation. This paper collects the policies of general project contracts released in China from 2010 to 2021, quantifying the policies from dimensions of policy strength, measures, and objectives. It analyzes the coordination evolution of policy objectives and policy measures by a coordination measurement model. The results show that coordinating various policy objectives and measures shows an increasing trend. However, there is still an imbalance in policy usage. The results suggest emphasizing the support of fiscal and financial policy measures, strengthening the promotion of the construction industry's modernization, accelerating international integration, and combining other policy measures and policy objectives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Human capital plays a vital role in poverty-stricken households' efforts to cope with external shocks. Improving the human capital of poverty-stricken households to help them address external shocks can enhance the sustainability of poverty-stricken household livelihoods and support poverty alleviation. In this study, households with dependent children and older members were selected from questionnaires covering 6,463 poverty-stricken households from 33 poverty alleviation districts and counties in Chongqing municipality, China. Multiple linear regression model and stepwise regression methods were then used to compare the effects of the number of household members supported and the number of those working on the increase in income among poverty-stricken and nonpoverty-stricken households. Finally, the correlations between policy measures, dependent household members and household labor were examined. The results show the following: (1) Policy measures can alleviate the negative impact of a household's dependent population on household income. (2) Poverty-stricken households' access to policy support is closely related to the characteristics of their human capital. The household's dependent members and laborers are effectively protected by safety net and cargo net policies. (3) Policy measures can mitigate the impact of COVID-19 on the income of nonagricultural laborers while increasing the income of agricultural laborers. The findings show that the ability of poverty-stricken households to overcome poverty and deal with external shocks can be increased by revitalizing rural industries, linking the development of rural industries with the income of poverty-stricken households, and rationally using rural labor resources., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2024 Chang, Zhang and Li.)

The COVID-19 pandemic that began in the last quarter of 2019 seriously impacted the transportation industry. Countries around the world adopted various restrictions and policies to prevent the spread of the pandemic, which resulted in a sharp drop in the demand for transportation. China was the first country to detect the pandemic and the fastest to recover. Existing policies and impacts were reviewed to analyze the impact of the pandemic on China's urban transportation sector and propose measures that may be taken to reduce the impact of COVID-19. This study reviews the impact on urban transportation system operations and how government should respond to a viral pandemic. The recovery measures during and after the pandemic and their hierarchical response system are analyzed. Furthermore, to empirically explore the effect of the recovery measures, this study adopted the Event Study Methodology (ESM) to quantitatively analyze the impact of the epidemic as well as anti-pandemic policies on the traffic flow sequence in the resurgence of COVID-19 in Beijing. The research findings provided solid policy implications and experiences for constructing sustainable urban transportation system and improve flexibility, reliability, and resilience of traffic governance in post-pandemic era. • It analyses the impact of the pandemic on the urban transportation in China and envisions effective policy measures. • A revealed preference (RP) based approach is employed to adds new insights to the impact analysis and policy implication. • China's experience has important significance in determining best practices for other countries. • The findings provide useful insights for effective transportation policy governance in post-pandemic era. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the rapid economic growth of China, the increasingly serious environmental problems of haze pollution have become a large concern. Urban resident's PM2.5 reduction behavior contributes significantly to Chinese haze pollution control. Resident-level policy measures are beneficial for encouraging residents to engage in PM2.5 reduction behaviors. The current research aims to explore the long-term intervention effects of three types of policies (i.e., command and control policies, economic incentive policies and education-guided policies) on resident's PM2.5 reduction intention and actual behavior. Based on the agent-based modeling and simulation approach, a resident's PM2.5 reduction behavioral simulation model is developed, and data adopted from a questionnaire survey are analyzed. The simulation results show that resident's PM2.5 reduction intention is motivated by the interactions among resident agents, and it eventually stabilizes at a higher level (from 4.11 to 4.48). Moreover, the effects of the three types of policy measures on PM2.5 reduction behavior vary depending on the specific scenarios. With respect to single-policy scenarios, these policies all enhance the actual resident's PM2.5 reduction behavior over the long term. The effects of command and control policies (M = 3.42) and education-guided policies (M = 3.44) are much better than those of the economic incentive policies (M = 3.15). Regarding policy combination scenarios, a combination of economic incentive policies and education-guided policies (MII = 4.15) has a remarkable promotional effect over others for encouraging residents to conduct PM2.5 reduction behaviors. Based on the results, implications and suggestions for improving current resident-level PM2.5 reduction policies and encouraging resident's PM2.5 reduction behavior are provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The concerns about the contradiction between agricultural production and Agricultural Non-Point (ANPS) pollution has become increased with economic development in China. Government interventions are key to controlling ANPS pollution through the establishment of laws and policies. This paper uses the entropy method to calculate the emissions amount of ANPS pollution and policy strength of 31 provinces from 2010 to 2019 in China. The dynamic panel data model with system generalized moment is used to estimate the impacts of policies with different measures on ANPS pollution emission. According to our findings, China's policies have been helpful in controlling ANPS pollution though there are important regional differences. Moreover, four types of policy measures all contribute to the reduction in ANPS pollution. These findings improve our understanding of the relationship between policies and ANPS pollution in the analyzed period, thus providing support for the formulation of pollution management strategies in the next stage.

This paper reports on a study of the determinants of the adoption behaviour related to Organic-Substitute-Chemical-Fertilizer (OSCF) against the background of Green and Low-carbon Circular Agriculture (GLCA) by analysing a survey of 318 greenhouse vegetable farmers in Shandong Province, China. We use regression analyses to identify policy measures and farmers' psychological cognition of the determinants of adoption behaviour on farmers' psychological cognition. We use three indices for farmers' cognition, including economic value, resource capacity, and ecosystem impact, to examine the differences between training and subsidy. Our findings showed that two policy measures (training and subsidy) had a significant positive impact on vegetable farmers' fertilizer application. Farmers' cognition played a mediating role. We identified and discussed the influence of policy measures on farmers' behaviour and the mediating role of farmers' cognition. Hence, we suggest that local governments should strengthen farmers' training in relation to fertilizer application techniques and enhance farmers' cognition of organic fertilizer as a substitute for chemical fertilizer in terms of economic, resource and environment aspects.

Abstract: The unprecedented resources and energy needed to support the high growth of urbanization with the emerging issues of environmental degradation and GHG emissions is increasingly dramatic in China. A series of national and local policies have been implemented for achieving the co-benefits of reducing emissions of greenhouse gas (GHG) and air pollution for China's sustainable development. In this paper, the achievement of climate change mitigation and air pollution reduction in different sectors through implementing policies is reviewed. This paper reports on the types of policy measures that have been introduced in two cases (i.e. Tiexi District of Shenyang and Baoshan District of Shanghai) to affect air quality and energy efficiency improvements, which are then collectively examined in terms of their impacts on GHG and air pollutant emissions. Recommendations are made for achieving co-benefits effectively through the integrated approach by comprehensively concentrating on the short and long-term environmental protection and energy conservation at local and national levels based on the analysis made in the paper. The limited coordination and lack of capacity in different government bodies may be the main barriers to the implementation of a co-benefits approach. Enhancing the cooperation and capacity building could overcome these obstacles. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Urbanization is an important force driving the development of the social, economic, and ecological environments in urban China. As the capital of China, Beijing has experienced a shift in the development process from emphasizing economic development to emphasizing ecological livability in recent decades. During this period, the Olympic Games, real estate development, and environmentally friendly construction policies were major events that affected Beijing's urban ecosystem and its safety. Based on the Pressure-State-Response (P-S-R) framework model, this paper establishes an indicator system for assessing the ecological security of Beijing from 1995 to 2015. The indicators were generated through coupling of an ecological model with time-series multi-source remote sensing data such as night light images and Landsat ETM images. We assessed ecological security during different policy periods and developed an ecological security early warning system for Beijing. After the effects of the economic development policy and the bid for the Olympic Games from 1995 to 2005, the urban area of Beijing with falling ecological security continues to expand. From 2005 to 2010, due to the joint effect of 2008 Olympic venue construction, urban environmental remediation policies, and real estate policies, the overall safety level in the central city was better, but the suburbs showed the opposite trend. In 2010-2015, real estate developed explosively in Beijing, while environmentally friendly development became strongly emphasized and the economic status of the capital weakened. The ecological security of the main urban area began to improve significantly, but the outer urban area and suburban areas were greatly affected by real estate development and exhibited a clear decline in ecological security., (Copyright © 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)