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According to the reference data in GenBank, the complete mitochondrial genome KP281293.1 presumably belongs to Hypomesus olidus from China. The phylogenetic analysis based on the Cytb and CoI genes of the smelt genus Hypomesus suggests that the Chinese specimen belongs to Hypomesus nipponensis. The difference in the studied region of mitogenome is low, 0.6%, which is in agreement with the values of intraspecific divergence for the smelts. The use of the sequence KP281293.1 as a marker for H. olidus will not help in improving the understanding of the taxonomic relationships gained from previous morphological studies and is phylogenetically misleading. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]