Search

The current medical model has transitioned from the original biomedical treatment model to a bio-psycho-social model, where patients now have higher demands for service awareness. Consequently, doctor–patient relationships have become a crucial aspect of the contemporary medical process. Currently, psychological resilience among medical students in China tends to be at a moderately lower level. Medical students often exhibit poor psychological qualities in handling contradictions in doctor–patient relationships. Moreover, there is a lack of emphasis on the education of corresponding psychological qualities for medical students during the teaching process. This deficiency is highly disadvantageous for medical students in their future management of doctor–patient relationships. The article explores how to cultivate psychological resilience in medical students and enhance their ability to handle conflicts in doctor–patient relationships from the perspective of doctor–patient relationships. The author suggests that schools should place greater emphasis on the psychological resilience of medical students, change teaching methods, incorporate online education to enhance the mentalization level of medical students, and propose an eight-week mindfulness cognitive therapy program to improve psychological resilience. The intervention process should consider establishing positive coping mechanisms, promoting good interpersonal relationships among medical students, and regulating individual negative emotions. Through simulating doctor–patient scenarios, teachers should consciously train the psychological resilience of medical students, improve their cognition and thinking abilities, and accelerate their psychological health recovery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Perioperative cognitive maintenance and protection in older adults is an important patient safety imperative. In addition to foundational care, one area of growing interest is integrating cognitive prehabilitation into the surgical trajectory. This review aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of cognitive prehabilitation on cognitive functional capacity and postoperative cognitive outcomes among older adults undergoing elective surgery. Methods: The MEDLINE, Embase, CENTRAL, CINAHL, PsycINFO, PEDro, CBM, CNKI, WANFANG, and VIP databases were systematically searched up to September 5, 2024, to identify randomized controlled trials published for English or Chinese. Two authors independently completed the study selection process, data extraction process and methodological quality assessment. The Patient, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome, Study design framework was used to construct the search strategy. The predefined primary outcomes of interest included the incidence of postoperative delirium (POD) and the incidence of delayed neurocognitive recovery (dNCR). The quality of the studies was evaluated by the PEDro scale. Owing to the small number of trials and clinical and methodological diversity, a narrative synthesis was undertaken in accordance with the Synthesis Without Meta-analysis guidelines. This study was conducted and reported in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses statement. The certainty of the evidence was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation system. Results: Six studies were analysed. These trials involved 645 total participants, with 316 in the intervention group (mean age, 66.0-73.8 years; 38.4-77.8% male) and 329 in the comparator group (mean age, 67.5-72.6 years; 31.8-88.9% male). The effects of preoperative cognitive training on reducing the incidence of dNCR, the incidence of POD, the length of hospital stay and the incidence of postsurgical complications as well as improving postoperative global cognitive function and activities of daily living are quite uncertain. The results of this study should be interpreted with caution owing to the limited number of trials and low to very low certainty of evidence. Conclusion: Current evidence on the effectiveness and safety of cognitive prehabilitation on cognitive and noncognitive outcomes in older patients undergoing elective surgery is limited and unclear. Systematic review registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=277191, Identifier CRD42021277191. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) marks a critical phase in the progression to dementia. In our study, social workers utilized the Multicomponent Nonpharmacological Intervention Approach (MCNIA) to aid MCI participants (N = 52) and their caregivers, dividing into intervention and control groups. The intervention group underwent an additional regimen of non-pharmacological therapies besides pharmacological treatment. Our findings highlighted that: 1) MCNIA significantly enhanced cognitive and daily living abilities in the intervention group; 2) Caregivers experienced reduced burdens and improved social support; 3) Correlation analyses involving biomarkers indicated that MCNIA was particularly effective in alleviating depression in those with slightly more severe cognitive impairment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Poly-victimization (PV) not only threatens physical and mental health but also causes a range of social problems. Left-behind children in rural areas are more likely to experience PV problems. However, there have been fewer studies on PV among rural children, and even fewer intervention studies. Objective: The difference-in-differences method was employed to analyze the impact of intervention measures, based on the theory of planned behavior, on PV among left-behind children in rural areas. Methods: The study subjects were left-behind children from six middle schools in two cities in southern China, who completed the baseline survey from 2020 to 2021. They were divided into a control group and an intervention group, each consisting of 228 cases, based on their schools. Before and after the intervention, the Self-made victimization-related knowledge, attitude, and practice questionnaire, Poly-victimization scale, and Middle school students' coping style scale were used to evaluate the victimization-related KAP(knowledge, attitude, and practice), victimization occurrence, and coping styles of left-behind children, respectively. Stata 15.0 was used to establish a difference-in-differences regression model to analyze the impact of the intervention measures on poly-victimization and coping styles. Results: Mixed Anova revealed that after the intervention, the KAP scores of the intervention group were significantly higher than those of the control group (p < 0.05). After the intervention, the incidence of child victimization in the intervention group dropped to 9.60% (n = 22), lower than in the baseline survey, with a statistically significant difference (p < 0.01). The incidence of PV among children in the intervention group was lower than that in the control group, with the difference being statistically significant (p < 0.01). The net reduction in the incidence of PV among children was 21.20%. After the intervention, the protection rate for preventing PV among children was 73.33%, and the effect index was 3.75. The intervention improved children's coping styles, problem-solving, and help-seeking, while reducing negative coping styles such as avoidance and venting, with the differences being statistically significant (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Intervention measures based on the theory of planned behavior reduce the occurrence of PV among left-behind children, and the intervention effects on different types of victimization are also different. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Improving mental well-being is essential for social workers. Self-care services are often facilitated to enhance it, but there is limited research exploring their characteristics and effectiveness. We conducted a systematic review of self-care interventions targeting the mental well-being of social workers. A comprehensive search of four English and one Chinese databases yielded 2969 studies for initial screening. Fourteen eligible studies were finally included and reviewed. The results underscored mindfulness as prevalent and effective, with social work students being the main service recipients. Although with limitations, the findings inform future research and self-care services for social workers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To understand whether a culture-based multicomponent cognitive training program is feasible and tolerable for persons with dementia (PWD) in day care centers in Taiwan, and to examine the effectiveness of a 16-week program in preventing declines in cognitive function and self-care, as well as the development of depressed mood and behavioral problems. Method: This study was a 4-month cluster randomized controlled trial. PWD (N = 56) who met sample selection criteria were recruited from five day care centers and assigned to the experimental or comparison group. Participants in the experimental group received a series of culture-based multicomponent cognitive training activities via research assistants and day care center caregivers for 16 weeks. Participants in the comparison group received usual daily activities. Time attending activities and degree of participation were used as criteria for determining feasibility and tolerability of the program. Results: Results confirmed the feasibility of culture-based multicomponent cognitive training activities if the activities were guided by caregivers. Results also showed participants in the experimental group had statistically significant improvements in cognitive function. Activities of daily living performance, depressed mood, and behavioral problems showed non-significant improvements. Conclusion: The current study suggests that this program can assist PWD in preventing declines in self-care and the development of behavioral and psychological problems, and improve their cognitive function. Further research with a larger sample size and staff training should be considered to test the effectiveness of this program. [Research in Gerontological Nursing, 17(5), 257–264.] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Clinical Nursing in Practice is the property of Journal of Clinical Nursing in Practice (Editorial Board, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Press) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Clinical Nursing in Practice is the property of Journal of Clinical Nursing in Practice (Editorial Board, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Press) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The principles of CBT emphasize the interactions among cognition, emotion, and behavior. CBT's origins lie in Stoicism philosophy and share similarities with the ideas of Confucianism, Taoism, and Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) in China. The idea of mind–body regulation in traditional Chinese culture has laid a cultural foundation for the promotion of CBT in China. This paper analyzes the applicability and challenges of CBT in China based on the current development of CBT in mainland China and the learning and practice of CBT therapists. It also explores the potential further development of CBT in China and the integration of CBT with the Chinese culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background/Aims: Although there are many researchers reviewing the existing evidence related to traumatic brain injury from speech-language pathologists' perspectives, there have been no attempts to review the existing research evidence in Standard Chinese to the best of the authors' knowledge. The purpose of this scoping review was to identify and synthesise the existing research evidence available in China for therapy related to individuals with traumatic brain injury within the speech-language pathologists' scope of practice. Methods: This scoping review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews. The literature search was conducted using databases that included articles in the Standard Chinese language. In collaboration with three therapists working in China, the data was extracted and translated into English. Results: Eight research articles met the inclusion and exclusion criteria of this review. Six studies were randomised control trials, and two studies were cohort studies. These eight studies focused on collaboration, counselling and treatment. All studies addressed cognition and two also addressed language. Conclusions: Evidence showed that treatment focusing on cognitive and language skills provided by speech-language pathologists can improve the lives of people with a traumatic brain injury living in China. More research is warranted to better understand traumatic brain injury and treatment efficacy in China. Implications for practice: Clinicians, especially those who work with individuals who affiliate themselves with the Chinese culture, can consider the current research evidence discussed in this article when working with clients with traumatic brain injury. Additionally, for researchers, future research efforts can prioritise addressing the identified gaps outlined in this study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Caregivers of children with chronic diseases suffer from great parenting pressure, which directly affects the treatment and rehabilitation of children, reduces the quality of life of caregivers and damages family functioning. Existing reviews have not systematically summarized and evaluated interventions for parenting stress in caregivers of children with chronic diseases. Data Sources: Embase, PubMed, Web of Science, OVID, CNKI, CBM, Wan Fang and Cochrane Library were searched for eligible reviews in November 2021 and October 2022. Methods: Two reviewers independently screened titles and abstracts, reviewed full texts of articles for eligibility, and appraised the quality of reviews using JBI. The quality of the evidence was assessed using GRADE. Findings are reported in accordance with PRISMA checklist. Narrative summaries grouped findings by intervention types. Results: Out of 2632 records, we included 21 systematic reviews for a synthesis. Interventions for parenting stress in children with chronic diseases were divided into seven categories. Cognitive behavioural interventions, psychosocial interventions, child behavioural and/or developmental parent interventions and synthesized interventions have shown high‐level evidence in reducing parenting stress for caregivers of children with chronic diseases. Furthermore, outcome measures and intervention protocols were highly heterogeneous across interventions. Conclusions: This umbrella review suggest that reducing the parenting stress of caregivers of children with chronic diseases can directly target caregivers' parenting stress through cognitive behavioural interventions/psychosocial interventions and/or provide guidance to parents on the behavioural and developmental problems of children with chronic diseases. A more standardized approach to outcome measures is essential to assess efficacy and compare interventions across studies. Relevance to Clinical Practice: The findings provide information and evidence for reducing parenting stress among caregivers of children with chronic diseases to guide the development of comprehensive intervention strategies. Patient or Public Contribution: Patient or public contribution does not apply to this study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To investigate the effects of nonpharmacological interventions (NPIs) on poststroke depression (PSD) in stroke patients. Methods: Computer searches were conducted on the PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), China Science and Technology Journal Database (VIP), and Wanfang databases from their establishment to December 2023. The selection was made using the inclusion and exclusion criteria, and 40 articles were included to compare the effects of the 17 NPIs on patients with PSD. Results: Forty studies involving seventeen interventions were included. The network findings indicated that compared with conventional therapy (COT), superior PSD improvement was observed for cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) + acupoint acupuncture (CBTA) (mean difference [MD], -4.25; 95% CI, -5.85 to -2.65), team positive psychotherapy (MD, -4.05; 95% CI, -5.53 to -2.58), music therapy (MT) + positive psychological intervention (MD, -2.25; 95% CI, -3.65 to -0.85), CBT (MD, -1.52; 95% CI, -2.05 to -0.99), mindfulness- based stress reduction (MD, -1.14; 95% CI, -2.14 to -0.14), MT (MD, -0.95; 95% CI, -1.39 to -0.52), acupoint acupuncture + MT (AAMT) (MD, -0.69; 95% CI, -1.25 to -0.14). Furthermore, CBT (MD, -3.87; 95% CI, -4.57 to -3.17), AAMT (MD, -1.02; 95% CI, -1.41 to -0.62), acupressure + MT (MD, -0.91; 95% CI, -1.27 to -0.54), and narrative care + acupressure (MD, -0.74; 95% CI, -1.19 to -0.29) demonstrated superior Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) improvement compared with COT. Conclusion: Evidence from systematic reviews and meta-analyses suggests that CBTA improves depression in patients with PSD. Moreover, CBT improves sleep in these patients. Additional randomized controlled trials are required to further investigate the efficacy and mechanisms of these interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: To gain insight into the perceptions, and beliefs of patients with advanced cancer coping with chronic pain and to identify their attitudes and demands on pain management. Methods: From July to September 2022, 17 patients with advanced cancer living with chronic pain were recruited from a tertiary cancer hospital in Hunan Province, China. Qualitative and semi-structured interviews were conducted individually, with 30-45 minutes for each. The Colaizzi 7-step analysis method in phenomenological research was used for data analysis. Results: The experience of pain acceptance by advanced cancer patients with chronic pain was summarized into four themes: pain catastrophizing (unable to ignore the pain, try various methods to relieve the pain, exaggerating pain perception, and lack of knowledge about proper pain management), rumination (compulsive rumination and worrying rumination), avoidance coping (situational avoidance and repressive avoidance) and constructive action (setting clear value goal and taking reciprocal action). Conclusion: Most patients with advanced cancer had low pain acceptance and negative attitudes. Feeling helpless in the face of pain and suffering alone were their norm. Long-term negative emotions could lead to gradual depression and loss of hope for treatment, resulting in pain catastrophizing and persistent rumination. Nevertheless, a few patients accepted pain with positive attitudes. Medical professionals should pay more attention to the psychological status of advanced cancer patients with chronic pain, and employ alternative therapies, for example, cognitive behavioral therapy. More efforts are needed to reduce patients' pain catastrophizing, and promote their pain acceptance by a better understanding of pain through health education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the context of China's rapid development and accelerated pace of life, people generally face increased pressure, leading to a sharp increase in psychological problems. More than half of the population is sub‐healthy, and patients with mental illness are also increasing year by year. Mental stress is a common cause of psychological and physiological disorders, triggering emergency stress states. Psychotherapy has been developing as an important intervention method, and psychological relief based on relaxation and stress reduction has gradually become a research hotspot. Behavioral therapy and cognitive therapy are common psychological treatments, while relaxation induction methods include breathing training, meditation, music, etc. Virtual reality technology is used in psychological research to improve therapeutic effects. Among them, virtual reality exposure therapy (VRET), which treats anxiety by creating virtual scenes, has attracted attention. And in virtual reality exposure therapy treatment, the patient's psychological state can be grasped by monitoring these physiological reactions. This article will discuss the key technologies for psychological decompression based on VRET, aiming to gain an in‐depth understanding of its principles, applications, etc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Cognitive impairment is a prevalent consequence of stroke, seriously affecting recovery and quality of life while imposing substantial burdens on both patients' families and society. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has emerged as an effective intervention for post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI). However, the a lack of standardized and explicit guidelines regarding rTMS application parameters. Therefore, this study systematically evaluated the efficacy of various parameters of rTMS in treating PSCI and explored its potential mechanism. Methods: We conducted a comprehensive search across seven scientific databases, namely China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform (Wanfang), China Science and Technology Journal Database (VIP), Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library, to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating the efficacy of rTMS for PSCI. The search encompassed the period from database creation until July 28, 2023. To evaluate the risk of bias in included studies, we employed the Cochrane recommended risk of bias assessment tool. Furthermore, we extracted relevant clinical application parameters associated with rTMS and performed comparative analyses to assess their therapeutic effects under different parameter settings. Results: The present study included 45 RCTs involving a total of 3,066 patients with PSCI. Both high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (HF-rTMS) and low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (LF-rTMS) demonstrated safety and efficacy, yet failed to exhibit significant differentiation in terms of cognitive improvement. Furthermore, intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS), although yielding positive results, did not surpass traditional rTMS in effectiveness. Combining HF-rTMS with LF-rTMS resulted in superior efficacy compared to single rTMS intervention. Moreover, the combination of rTMS with other cognitive therapies exhibited potential for enhanced benefits among patients. Conclusion: rTMS can effectively and safely enhance cognitive function, improve quality of life, and enhance activities of daily living in patients with PSCI. Furthermore, the combination of rTMS with other conventional rehabilitation methods can yield additional positive effects. However, due to insufficient evidence, an optimal parameter protocol for rTMS can not be currently recommended. Future research should prioritize orthogonal experimental design methods that incorporate multiple parameters and levels to determine the optimal parameter protocol for rTMS in PSCI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of exercise combined with cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) on anxiety and quality of life in pregnant women. Methods: This study adopted a prospective randomized controlled trial design, and divided 60 pregnant women in the first and second trimesters into two groups. The control group received routine prenatal education, and the experimental group added moderate exercise and CBT on the basis of routine prenatal education. All participants completed the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS) and World Health Organization Quality of Life‐BREF (WHOQOL‐BREF) at the start of the study (baseline) and at 6 weeks after the intervention. Results: Baseline data, scores on HARS, and scores on WHOQOL‐BREF were found to be consistent among the two groups of patients prior to the intervention (all P > 0.05). Following the intervention, the implementation of exercise combined with CBT resulted in significant improvements in anxiety levels within the experimental group, particularly with respect to aspects such as anxious mood, tension, insomnia, cognitive function, cardiovascular symptoms, and gastrointestinal symptoms (all P < 0.05). Similarly, the combination of exercise and CBT led to significant enhancement in the quality of life in the experimental group, particularly in areas such as physical health, psychological health, and environmental factors (all P < 0.05). Nevertheless, no significant disparities were observed between the two groups in terms of fears, depressive mood, muscular and sensory somatic symptoms, respiratory symptoms, genitourinary symptoms, autonomic symptoms, behavior during the interview, and social relationships (all P > 0.05). Conclusion: Exercise combined with CBT can effectively reduce the anxiety of pregnant women and improve their quality of life, which has important clinical significance for improving the mental health and quality of life of pregnant women in the first and second trimesters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Across many cultures, women are evaluated based on their appearance, with narrow societal beauty ideals as the standard against which they are judged and, eventually, judge themselves. Women who internalize the beauty ideal are more likely to consider cosmetic surgery. Dissonance-based interventions targeting thin-ideal internalization are effective at preventing eating disorders and associated risk factors. In this study, we evaluated an online dissonance-based intervention targeting beauty-ideal internalization to reduce favorable attitudes toward cosmetic surgery among Chinese women. Chinese women who were dissatisfied with their appearance and who were considering cosmetic surgery were randomized to the intervention (n = 127, M age = 35.49) or to the educational brochure control condition (n = 98, M age = 32.97). Beauty-ideal internalization, favorable attitudes toward cosmetic surgery, facial appearance concerns, body satisfaction, and body appreciation were assessed at pretest, posttest, and 4-week follow-up. Intention-to-treat analyses showed that the intervention reduced beauty-ideal internalization and favorable attitudes toward cosmetic surgery at posttest, with small-to-medium effect sizes; however, effects were not sustained at follow-up. No effects were found for facial appearance concerns, body satisfaction, and body appreciation. This study provides preliminary evidence for the short-term efficacy of the dissonance-based intervention for reducing beauty-ideal internalization and favorable attitudes toward cosmetic surgery, and points to valuable directions for improvement. Additional online materials for this article are available on PWQ's website at http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/suppl/10.1177/03616843231183946. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To investigate the effects of various intervention approaches on cancer-related fatigue (CRF) in patients with breast cancer. Method: Computer searches were conducted on PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), China Science and Technology Journal Database (VIP), and Wanfang databases from their establishment to June 2023. Selection was made using inclusion and exclusion criteria, and 77 articles were included to compare the effects of 12 interventions on patients with breast cancer. Results: Seventy-seven studies with 12 various interventions were examined. The network findings indicated that cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) (SMD, -1.56; 95%CI, -3.08~-0.04), Chinese traditional exercises (CTE) (SMD, -0.85; 95%CI, -1.34~-0.36), aerobic exercise (AE) (SMD, -0.77; 95%CI, -1.09~-0.45), multimodal exercise (ME) (SMD, -0.75; 95%CI, -1.26~-0.25), music interventions (MI) (SMD, -0.74; 95%CI, -1.45~-0.03), and yoga (YG) (SMD, -0.44; 95%CI, -0.83 to -0.06) can reduce CRF more than the control group (CG). For relaxation exercises (RE) (MD, -6.69; 95%CI, -9.81~-3.57), MI (MD, -5.45; 95%CI, -7.98~-2.92), AE (MD, -4.34; 95%CI, -5.90~-2.78), ME (MD, -3.47; 95%CI, -4.95~-1.99), YG (MD, -2.07; 95%CI, -3.56~-0.57), and mindfulness training (MD, -1.68; 95%CI, -2.91~-0.46), PSQI improvement was superior to CG. In addition, for CTE (MD, 11.39; 95%CI, 4.11-18.66), YG (MD, 11.28; 95%CI, 1.63-20.93), and AE (MD, 9.34; 95%CI, 0.26~18.42), Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Breast improvement was superior to CG. Conclusion: Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is the most effective measure for alleviating CRF in patients with breast cancer and Relaxation exercises (RE) is the most effective measure for improving sleep quality. In addition, Chinese traditional exercises (CTE) is the best measure for enhancing quality of life. Additional randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are expected to further investigate the efficacy and mechanisms of these interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: There is consistent evidence that cognitive behavioral therapies (CBTs) are effective interventions for adult depression. While some evidence has compared these effects in different countries, no prior systematic review and meta-analysis has compared the efficacy of CBTs between Chinese and people from the rest of the world. The current meta-analysis addressed this gap by a systematic review of eligible studies from Chinese and worldwide databases. Method: Hedges' g was calculated using a random-effects model. Subgroup analyses and multilevel meta-analytic models were conducted to examine the relationship among effect sizes and the characteristics in Chinese studies. Metaregression analyses were conducted to explore the difference of the efficacy of CBTs between Chinese studies and non-Chinese studies after controlling for the moderators. Results: A total of 34 (n = 3,710) studies in China and 307 (n = 30,333) studies from the rest of the world were included. The effect size of CBTs on depression for Chinese participants was 1.19 (95% CI [0.86, 1.52]), which was higher (Q = 4.63, p =.03) than the effect size of the rest of the world (0.82, 95% CI [0.74, 0.90]). After controlling for moderators, the effect size of Chinese studies was still higher than non-Chinese studies (β = 0.351, p =.011). Conclusions: CBTs are effective interventions for adult depression and deserve more attention in China for depression management. Moderators related to study design, clinical features, and cultural factors need to be considered in the interpretation of the results. What is the public health significance of this article?: This study highlights the larger effect size of CBTs in China in comparison with the rest of the world, even after adjusting for the quality of studies. Cultural and methodological factors deserve attention in the dissemination of CBTs in China and globally. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To assess the overall effectiveness of non-pharmacological interventions on internet addiction (IA) in youth. Method: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published from their inception to April 1, 2023 were searched in Cochrane, Embase, Medline, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, China Science and Technology Journal Database, Chinese BioMedical Literature Database, and WanFang Data. Two reviewers independently extracted data and evaluated bias using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool. Results: Sixty-six studies performed from 2007 to 2023, with a total of 4,385 participants, were identified. The NPIs included group counseling, cognitive behavioral therapy, sports intervention, combined interventions, eHealth, educational intervention, positive psychology intervention, sand play intervention, and electrotherapy. The results revealed that NPIs significantly reduced IA levels (standardized mean difference, SMD: -2.01, 95% confidence interval, CI: -2.29 to -1.73, I² = 93.0%), anxiety levels (SMD: -1.07, 95%CI: -1.41 to -0.73, I² = 72.4%), depression levels (SMD: -1.11, 95%CI: -1.52 to -0.7, I² = 84.3%), and SCL-90 (SMD: -0.75, 95%CI: -0.97 to -0.54, I² = 27.7%). Subgroup analysis stratified by intervention measure showed that cognitive behavioral therapy, group counseling, sports intervention, combined intervention, educational intervention, positive psychology intervention, sandplay intervention, and mobile health were all effective in relieving symptoms of IA except electrotherapy. Conclusion: NPIs appear to be effective in the treatment of IA in youth, which would act as an alternative treatment of IA. Further studies with larger sample sizes and robust designs are needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT) has been proposed as a treatment strategy for eating disorders (EDs). However, cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) is the treatment more widely used than IPT. Method: Our study aimed to conduct a systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in order to compare the effectiveness of IPT with CBT in treating eating disorders (EDs). To achieve this goal, we conducted a comprehensive search on PubMed, Embase, Medline, Cochrane, Web of Science, and the Clinical Trials Database for RCTs that compared the effectiveness of IPT with CBT in treating EDs. Results: After reviewing 468 potential studies, we selected 10 suitable for our meta‐analysis, which included 833 participants. Results showed that both IPT and CBT had similar effects on the primary outcome measure (i.e., ED score) (SMD = 0.08). However, IPT had a more significant effect on the secondary outcome measure (i.e., Inventory of Interpersonal Problems) (SMD = 0.32) compared to CBT. Additionally, IPT had a better treatment effect for individuals with EDs who had a lower body mass index (SMD = 0.27) and were younger (SMD = 0.43) than those receiving CBT. Both IPT and CBT demonstrated follow‐up effects at pretest and after follow‐up periods of less than 6 months (SMD = 1.61, 1.83), between 6 and 12 months (SMD = 1.48, 1.65), and greater than 12 months (SMD = 1.29, 1.33). However, only CBT demonstrated a dose–response relationship trend (β = 0.017, p = 0.067). Conclusions: The meta‐analysis yielded compelling evidence that IPT is an effective treatment for individuals with EDs. However, the review highlights the need for future research to further elucidate the effects of IPT on ED treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: In China, mental health services do not currently meet the needs of bereaved people with symptoms of prolonged grief disorder (PGD). Internet-based grief interventions may help fill this gap, but such programmes have not yet been developed or evaluated in China. The proposed study aims to investigate the effectiveness, acceptability, and feasibility of an online self-help intervention programme named Healing Grief for bereaved Chinese with prolonged grief, and to explore the psychological mechanisms of potential improvements. Methods: We designed a two-arm randomised controlled trial. At least 128 participants will be randomly assigned to either an Internet-based intervention group or a waitlist-control group. The Internet-based intervention will be developed based on the dual process model, integrating techniques of psychoeducation, behavioural activation, cognitive reappraisal, and meaning reconstruction, and will be delivered via expressive writing. The intervention comprises six modules, with two sessions in each module, and requires participants to complete two sessions per week and complete the intervention in 6 weeks. The primary outcomes include effectiveness, acceptability, and feasibility. The effectiveness will be assessed by measures of prolonged grief, posttraumatic stress, anxiety, and depressive symptoms. Acceptability and feasibility will be evaluated using survey and interview on user experience characteristics. Secondary outcomes include moderators and mediators, such as dual process coping, grief rumination, mindfulness, and continuing bond, to explore the psychological mechanisms of potential improvement. Assessments will take place at preintervention, post-intervention, and 3-month follow-up. Conclusion: The proposed study will determine the effectiveness, acceptability, and feasibility of the newly developed online self-help intervention for bereaved Chinese with prolonged grief and clarify how the intervention helps with symptom improvements. Such an intervention may play an important role in easing the imbalance between the delivery and receipt of bereavement psychological services in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims, Design and Setting: The aim of this study was to test the efficacy of the integrated cognitive--behavioral therapy with a strength-based motivational approach [integrated cognitive--behavioral therapy (ICBT)] intervention to change gaming disorder (GD) symptoms and other outcomes and to study the therapeutic mechanism. A two-arm parallel randomized waiting-list controlled trial with 3- and 6-month follow-ups were conducted in a secondary vocational school in mainland China. Participants: Participants comprised 77 Chinese adolescents with GD symptoms with a mean age of 16.36 years [standard deviation (SD) = 0.93]; 88.3% were male Interventions: Participants were randomized into an ICBT group (n = 38) and a waiting-list control (WLC, n = 39) group. ICBT intervention comprised eight weekly sessions to encourage participants to identify their interests and strengths and set goals for developing personally meaningful real-life activities. Measurements and Findings: The outcomes were measured at pre-treatment (t0), post-treatment (t1), 3-month (t2) and 6-month (t3) follow-ups. The primary outcome was GD symptoms at t3. Secondary outcomes included GD symptoms at t1 and t2, and gaming motivation, maladaptive gaming cognition, depression and anxiety symptoms at t1, t2 and t3. With the intention-to-treat principle, the GD scores at t3 were significantly different between the CBT and WLC groups [mean difference 62.08 (SD = 10.48) versus 73.64 (SD = 11.70); Hedges' g = 1.15, 95% confidence interval = 0.67-1.62]. Linear mixed-effects modeling showed significant group x time interaction for the secondary outcomes (P < 0.01), with a moderate to strong between-group effect size in the reduction in depression symptoms (g = 0.67-0.84) and anxiety symptoms (g = 0.6--0.64). Path analysis shows ICBT leads to GD reduction through reducing gaming motivation and maladaptive gaming cognition. Conclusions: An integrated cognitive-behavioral therapy with strength-based motivational approach intervention reduced gaming disorder symptoms and time spent gaming over a 6-month period by decreasing maladaptive gaming motivation and cognition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Clinical Nursing in Practice is the property of Journal of Clinical Nursing in Practice (Editorial Board, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Press) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

A credible, validated measure of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) skill, an essential indicator of treatment progress, is currently missing in China. Competencies of Cognitive Therapy Scale-Self Report (CCTS-SR) is a brief and convenient instrument assessing the cognitive skills patients learn through CBT, even among individuals without any therapeutic experiences. Therefore, the current study sets out to examine the psychometric properties of CCTS-SR. A sample of 1090 Chinese university students completed a Chinese version of the CCTS-SR, Automatic Thought Scale, and Beck Depression Inventory. Factor structure and reliability were examined. We evaluated the CCTS-SR in 50 extra university students with subthreshold depression before and after a group CBT. The original uni-factor model of CCTS-SR was not confirmed, and a two-factor solution (identification and evaluation of negative thoughts and coping strategies) in accord with therapeutic theory was replicated and supported. Good internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.86 ~ 0.93) and test–retest reliability (r = 0.61 ~ 0.73) were observed. The change of two factors of CCTS-SR during CBT was significant (p < 0.001); however, only the change of factor coping strategies was significantly associated with the change of depression (β =-0.18, SE = 0.08, p = 0.031). The current study established preliminary evidence for the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of CCTS-SR. It provided a valuable tool to measure the level of cognitive behavioral therapeutic competency in the Chinese population. Moreover, it can help capture the acquisition of cognitive behavioral therapy skills during treatment. Future research is needed to replicate this two-factor structure in other samples (e.g., community and clinical samples) and their relations with depression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Clinical Nursing in Practice is the property of Journal of Clinical Nursing in Practice (Editorial Board, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Press) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Physical distancing and contact restrictions have been implemented in most countries and territories due to the rapid spread of SARS‐CoV‐2. This has caused physical, emotional, and psychological distress for adults living in the community. Diversified telehealth interventions have been widely applied in health care and have proven to be cost‐effective and well accepted by patients and health professionals. Currently, the effectiveness of telehealth interventions on psychological outcomes and quality of life among community adults during the COVID‐19 pandemic remains unclear. A literature search was conducted using PubMed, PsycINFO, CINAHL, EMBASE, MEDLINE, and the Cochrane Library from 2019 to October 2022. Twenty‐five randomized controlled trials with 3228 subjects were finally included in this review. Two independent reviewers performed the screening, extraction of key data points, and appraisal of the methodological quality. There were positive effects of telehealth interventions on anxiety, stress, loneliness, and well‐being among community adults. Participants who were women or older adults were more likely to recover from negative emotions, increase well‐being, and improve quality of life. The real‐time and interactive interventions and remote cognitive‐behavioural therapy (CBT) may be better choices during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Based on the findings of this review, health professionals have more options and alternatives for delivering telehealth interventions in the future. Rigorously designed randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with higher statistical power and long‐term follow‐up should be conducted in the future to strengthen the currently weak evidence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is an increasing interest in non-pharmacological treatments for children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (AD/HD), especially digital techniques that can be remotely delivered, such as neurofeedback (NFT) and computerized cognitive training (CCT). In this study, a randomized controlled design was used to compare training outcomes between remotely delivered NFT, CCT, and combined NFT/CCT training approaches. A total of 121 children with AD/HD were randomly assigned to the NFT, CCT, or NFT/CCT training groups, with 80 children completing the training program. Pre- and post-training symptoms (primary outcome), executive and daily functions were measured using questionnaires as well as resting EEG during eyes-closed (EC) and eyes-open (EO) conditions. After 3 months of training, the inattentive and hyperactive/impulsive symptoms, inhibition, working memory, learning and life skills of the three groups of children were significantly improved. The objective EEG activity showed a consistent increase in the relative alpha power in the EO condition among the three training groups. Training differences were not observed between groups. There was a positive correlation between pre-training EO relative alpha power and symptom improvement scores of inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity, as well as a negative correlation between pre-training inattention scores and change in EO relative alpha. This study verified the training effects of NFT, CCT, and combined NFT/CCT training in children with AD/HD and revealed an objective therapeutic role for individual relative alpha activity. The verified feasibility and effectiveness of home-based digital training support promotion and application of digital remote training. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) has been applied in intervention research in diabetes patients with satisfying results. However, there was no research on type 2 diabetes (T2DM) patients with comorbidities. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of CBT on psychological variables, behavior variables, quality of life, sleep quality, and physical variables among adult T2DM patients with comorbid metabolic syndrome (MS). Methods: 281 patients aged 18–75 years were recruited from Ningbo First Hospital in China from October 2021 to March 2022. Patients were randomized to the intervention group (IG, N = 148) or control group (CG, N = 133). Patients in the IG received 12 CBT-based sessions during a six-month intervention time. Patients in the CG received the usual care only. Univariate General Linear Model was used to analyze the effect of CBT-based interventions. The analysis was conducted by SPSS Version 28. Results: Results indicated that CBT-based intervention was superior in the following aspects: relieving depression symptoms: IG (4.11 ± 4.35 vs. 1.99 ± 2.12), CG (3.40 ± 3.26 vs. 2.32 ± 1.88), interaction effect (F = 4.074, P = 0.044); enhancing diabetes self-care behaviors: IG (26.79 ± 12.18 vs. 37.49 ± 10.83), CG (25.82 ± 13.71 vs. 31.96 ± 11.72), interaction effect (F = 5.242, P = 0.022); promoting the efficacy of CBT: IG (47.45 ± 6.83 vs. 50.76 ± 4.98), CG (46.74 ± 6.94 vs. 47.87 ± 5.11), interaction effect (F = 5.198, P = 0.023); improving subjective sleep quality: IG (0.93 ± 0.68 vs. 0.69 ± 0.63), CG (1.03 ± 0.72 vs. 1.01 ± 0.68), interaction effect (F = 3.927, P = 0.048). Conclusions: The CBT-based intervention was beneficial in improving depression symptoms, diabetes self-care behaviors, the efficacy of CBT, and sleep quality in T2DM patients with comorbid MS. The downtrend of body mass index, systolic blood pressure, diastolic pressure, and glycated hemoglobin was larger in the intervention group but not to a significant level. Trial registration: This study has been prospectively registered at Australia New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (Registration ID: ACTRN12621001348842 website: https://www.anzctr.org.au/trial/MyTrial.aspx). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ectopic pregnancy is a leading cause of death for child-bearing aged women. Most patients with ectopic pregnancy experience suffer psychological distress which seriously affects their physical and mental health. The psychological distress, influencing factors, measurement tools, and nursing interventions in patients with ectopic pregnancy in China are reviewed in this article. The results showed that the main psychological distress of patients with ectopic pregnancy is anxiety, depression, uncertainty sense of disease, and low self-esteem. The main factors affecting the psychological distress of ectopic pregnancy patients included life-threatening disease, different marital status, and reproductive needs. The main intervention methods for psychological distress in pregnant patients included: cognitive behavioral therapy, emotional therapy of traditional Chinese medicine, and family support. The majority of cross-sectional surveys in China focused on psychological conditions of the patients with ectopic pregnancy, and there are very few longitudinal studies. Large-sample, multi-center longitudinal studies should be conducted in the future to monitor the development of ectopic pregnancy. Qualitative research should be conducted on patient experience, to provide guidance and basis for the implementation of targeted nursing interventions and to further explore standardized, continuous, and generalizable psychological care protocols for distress interventions for patients with ectopic pregnancy, thereby minimizing psychological distress such as anxiety, depression, and uncertainty in patients with ectopic pregnancy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Clinical Nursing in Practice is the property of Journal of Clinical Nursing in Practice (Editorial Board, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Press) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Aims: To investigate the effect of a transition programme including cognitive‐behaviour‐based preceptorship intervention on ICU new graduate nurses' (NGNs)' professional identity and their intention to remain employed. Design: One‐arm pre‐ and post‐test design followed the TREND Statement. Methods: NGNs' professional identity and intention to remain employed were measured at baseline (T1), postintervention (1 month, T2) and 6‐month follow‐up (T3). Results: Fifty‐three NGNs completed the programme, and their professional identity score significantly increased postintervention [from 111.5 (SD = 16.72) at T1 to 114.2 (SD = 9.12) at T2, p < 0.05], but decreased at T3 [105.8 (SD = 9.44) compared with T1 and T2, p < 0.05]. There was no significant difference in ICU NGNs' intention of remain employed outcomes at three time points (p > 0.05). The transition programme was effective to improve ICU NGNs' professional identity immediately after the intervention, but the increment did not maintain at the 6‐month follow‐up. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To explore the prevalence and related factors influencing diabetes stigma among Chinese young and middle‐aged patients with type 2 diabetes. Design: A cross‐sectional, quantitative study was conducted through questionnaires. Methods: A total of 453 young and middle‐aged patients with type 2 diabetes were recruited. Questionnaire survey was conducted with convenience sampling from September 2019 to December 2020. This included demographic questionnaire, Type 2 Diabetes Stigma Assessment Scale (DSAS‐2) and Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale (CD‐RISC). The STROBE checklist was applied as the reporting guideline for this study. Results: The scores of diabetes stigma and resilience of patients were 48.18 ± 14.52 and 66.02 ± 7.18, respectively. Diabetes stigma was negatively correlated with resilience, the correlation coefficient was −0.581. The results showed that the complications, diabetes year, monthly income and insulin treatment are important factors affecting stigma. In addition, it is resilience that was a protective factor of diabetes stigma, explaining 27.2% of the variance in diabetes stigma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Chronic mental diseases such as obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) are associated with a high disability rate. Some patients still do not improve their symptoms even with adequate cognitive-behavioral therapy and drug treatment. In the treatment of OCD, electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is not considered a neuromodulation modality with sufficient evidence. Objective: This retrospective study aimed to determine the efficacy and associated risk factors of ECT in OCD patients. Materials and methods: The study included 21 OCD patients who underwent ECT at a high-volume center in China between January 2009 and December 2020. The demographics and clinical characteristics of the patients were assessed using descriptive statistics. Based on Clinical Global Impressions–Improvement scale, patients were categorized into response and non-response groups. Clinical and demographic characteristics of two groups of patients were compared. Results: An analysis of 21 patients was conducted. In total, 12 patients (57.1%) responded to ECT, 11 patients (52.4%) reported side effects, and an average of 7 ECT sessions were administered. In terms of demographic, there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups. It is noteworthy that the non-response group reported more depression and schizophrenia related disorders comorbidities than the response group (χ² = 6.252, P = 0.041). Conclusion: The effectiveness of ECT in treating OCD is limited, especially in patients with refractory symptoms. Comorbidity with other mental disorders may affect the efficacy of ECT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Methamphetamine is the most widely used illicit drug in China. Treating methamphetamine use disorder (MUD) is challenging due to the lack of effective pharmacotherapies. This study is an experimental study to investigate the effcacy of smartphone-based digital therapeutics in treating MUD at the community level. One hundred participants were recruited and randomized into a digital therapeutics (DTx) group (n = 52) and a treatment as usual (TAU) group (n = 48). The DTx group used a smartphone application to deliver cognitive behavioral therapy, approach bias modification, cognitive training, and contingency management for 8 weeks. The TAU group received counseling from social workers and professional psychotherapists. Cue-induced craving, cognitive functions, PHQ9, and GAD7 were measured at baseline and post-intervention. Wilcoxon tests were performed with bootstrap and multiply imputation to estimate the treatment effect size. The DTx group showed a significant reduction in drug craving [Wilcoxon effect size = -0.267, 95% CI = (-0.435,-0.099), p = 0.002] and a significant improvement in cognitive function [Wilcoxon effect size = 0.220, 95% CI = (0.009, 0.432), p = 0.041]. The DTx group had overall 1, 8, and 24-week attritions of 8%, 11.5%, and 38.5%, respectively. The study shows that Digital therapeutics is feasible and potentially beneficial as a complement to community substance use treatment programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Facial emotion recognition plays an important role in social functioning. Patients with late-life depression (LLD) often have abnormal facial emotion recognition. Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) is beneficial in treating depression. This study examined whether MBCT can act as an effective augmentation of antidepressants and improve facial emotion recognition in patients with LLD and its underlying neural mechanism. Patients with LLD were randomized into two groups (n = 30 per group). The MBCT group received an eight-week MBCT in conjunction with stable medication treatment. The other group was treated as usual (TAU group) with stable medication treatment. The positive affect (PA) scale, negative affect (NA) scale, and facial emotion recognition task with an fMRI scan were performed before and after the trial. After eight weeks of treatment, the repeated ANOVA showed that the PA score in the MBCT group significantly increased [F(1,54) = 13.31, p = 0.001], but did not change significantly [F(1,54) = 0.58, p = 0.449] in the TAU group. The NA scores decreased significantly in both the MBCT group [F(1,54) = 19.01, p < 0.001] and the TAU group [F(1,54) = 16.16, p < 0.001]. Patients showed an increase in recognition accuracy and speed of angry and sad faces after 8 weeks of MBCT. No improvement was detected in the TAU group after treatment. A significant interaction effect was found in the change of activation of the left superior temporal gyrus (L-STG) to negative emotional expression between time and groups. Furthermore, a decrease in activation of L-STG to negative emotional expression was positively correlated with the increase in PA score. The MBCT is beneficial for improving affect status and facial emotion recognition in patients with LLD, and the L-STG is involved in this process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fei Xiaotong proposed a grade structure to explain that interpersonal relationships in China are self-centered and gradually move outward through kinship. As a clue to connecting a family, how does this kinship affect the growth of individuals, especially children? This study examined the roles of different kinship supports in left-behind children's behavioral problems based on cognitive behavior therapy. According to their current family structure, the participants were divided into left-behind and non-left-behind children. Data from 852 participants indicated that for left-behind children, the support of parents and grandparents could affect internal aggression/external aggression through depression/anxiety, and the help of other relatives could also directly and positively affect external aggression, whereas for non-left-behind children, only parental support affected children's internal aggressive behavior by affecting depression. The results revealed the internal mechanism of kinship support on children's aggressive behavior from the perspective of cognitive behavior theory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Depression and anxiety are common among pregnant women. Internet-delivered psychological therapies such as cognitive behavioral therapy (iCBT) have been developed to increase accessibility and address common help-seeking barriers, especially during pandemic period. The objective of this trial is to evaluate the short-term and long-term effects of iCBT on reducing depressive symptoms among pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic with the overall goal of preventing depression recurrence in the first 12 months postpartum.Methods: A multi-site randomized controlled trial will be conducted where 300 pregnant women early in their third trimester will be screened for depression symptoms using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) during a routine obstetrical visit. Eligible and consenting women with a score greater than 9 will be randomly allocated (1:1) to either intervention group or control group. ICBT involving the completion of 7 weekly online modules will be delivered via a well-designed perinatal mental healthcare app. The primary objective is to evaluate the effect of iCBT on reducing depression symptoms among pregnant Chinese women starting from their third trimester. The secondary objectives are to examine the effect of iCBT on anxiety, sleep quality, social support, parenting stress, co-parenting relationship, and infant development.Discussion: This multi-center randomized controlled trial has been planned in accordance with best practices in behavioral trial design. The internet-based intervention addressed the needs of pregnant women during a major pandemic where face-to-face therapy is not preferable. The trial has a relatively large sample size with sufficient power to evaluate the efficacy of iCBT intervention for the primary and secondary outcomes. One year follow-up evaluation in the study is designed to determine the longer-term effect of the intervention on both maternal and infant outcomes. Although a limitation is the assessment of depression and anxiety using self-report measures, these easily incorporated and maternal-preferred assessments allow for real-life scalability if the intervention is proven to be effective.Ethics and Dissemination: Ethics was approved by the institutional review board of International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital (GKLW2020-25). Dissemination of results will be published in peer-reviewed academic journals and presented at scientific conferences.Trial Status: The first patient was enrolled on 19 August 2020. To date, 203 participants have met eligibility requirements and been randomized to either the intervention group or control group. Data collection aims to be complete in September 2022. Date and version identifier: 2020715-version1.0.Trial Registration: ChiCTR2000033433. Registered 31 May 2020, http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=54482 . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To determine the effects of combined use of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and paroxetine hydrochloride tablets in patients with post-stroke depression (PSD), and its effect on scores on Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAMD) and Stroke Specific Quality of Life Scale (SS-QOL). Methods: Clinical data for 96 patients with PSD who were treated in Dongying Traditional Chinese Hospital, Dongying City, China from June 2018 to June 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients who met the inclusion criteria were divided into treatment group (TG, n = 48) and reference group (RG, n = 48) based on odd and even hospitalization numbers. Both groups received conventional treatment, but RG patients were in addition given clopidogrel, while TG received CBT in combination with paroxetine hydrochloride tablets. Clinical indices were evaluated in both groups before and after treatment. Moreover, therapeutic effects in the two different treatment methods on PSD, as well as on Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAMD) and Stroke Specific Quality of Life Scale (SS-QOL) scores were analyzed. Results: After treatment, TG had lower HAMD score (p < 0.001), lower scores on modified Rankin scale, and few incidences of adverse reactions at 3, 7, 15 and 30 days of treatment (p < 0.05), but higher total clinical effectiveness and mean SS-QOL score (p < 0.05), when compared with RG. Conclusion: Combined use of CBT and oral paroxetine hydrochloride tablets may be a promising strategy for treating depression and enhancing the quality of life of PSD patients, as it greatly improves neurological deficit and prognosis. However, further clinical trials should be carried out prior to introducing it in clinical practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: The purpose of this network meta-analysis (NMA) is to compare the effect of several psychosocial therapies on CRF critically.Methods: We applied systematic strategies based on eight databases, namely the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, China Biology Medicine (CBM), Wan Fang database, VIP, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) database to preliminary literature retrieval to identify relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Studies, including adult patients (≥18 years) diagnosed with cancer, were eligible regardless of cancer stage and current treatment. We carried out an expression analysis for comparing the efficacy of various psychosocial therapies using Bayesian NMA. A battery of analyses and assessments, such as conventional meta-analysis and risk of bias, were performed concurrently.Results: We identified 41 RCTs including six different psychosocial interventions (4422 participants), namely cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), mindfulness-based stress reduction therapy (MBSR), psychoeducational therapy (PE), stress management therapy (SMT), meditation therapy (MT) and comprehensive therapy (CT). Our NMA results showed that three psychosocial intervention therapies were effective for CRF in cancer patients. The most effective psychosocial intervention was MBSR (SMD = -1.23, CrI: -1.88, -0.59, SUCRA = 83.33%), followed by PE (SMD = -0.86, CrI: -1.53, -0.18, SUCRA = 58.51%) and CBT (SMD = -0.84, CrI: -1.31, -0.37, SUCRA = 57.67%).Conclusions: Our study showed that MBSR was most likely to be the best psychosocial intervention to relieve CRF in cancer patients. Medical staff should pay attention to applying MBSR to cancer patients in future clinical care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

CBT has a beneficial effect on depression and anxiety; however, the number of cases where therapy was used in patients with stroke was rare. In addition, there is still a lack of research on the effects of occupation-based training and the effects of bilateral upper limb training that provides an intervention based on patients' state of hemiplegic upper limb function. This study investigated the effects of combining CBT and occupation-based bilateral upper limb training on the depression, anxiety, upper limb function, and occupational performance. The experimental group was given 30-min cognitive behavioral therapy and occupation-based bilateral upper limb training, while the control group was given 30-min conventional occupational therapy and occupation-based bilateral upper limb training. For both groups, the intervention was given as a 30-min session once a day and five times a week for 4 weeks. Following intervention, the experimental group showed significant within-group variance for automatic thoughts, depression, anxiety, upper limb function, and occupational performance only (p < 0.01). For between-group variance, a significant difference was found for automatic thoughts, depression, anxiety, and occupational performance (p < 0.01), however, not for upper limb function (p > 0.05). In this study, it is meaningful that this author provided good guidelines for therapists and caregivers by organizing and providing actual programs in a very rare situation where cognitive behavioral therapy was applied to stroke patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We evaluated the effects of mental health interventions among people hospitalized with COVID-19. We conducted a systematic review and searched 9 databases (2 Chinese-language) from December 31, 2019 to June 28, 2021. Eligible randomized controlled trials assessed interventions among hospitalized COVID-19 patients that targeted mental health symptoms. Due to the poor quality of trials, we sought to verify accuracy of trial reports including results. We identified 47 randomized controlled trials from China (N = 42), Iran (N = 4) and Turkey (N = 1) of which 21 tested the efficacy of psychological interventions, 5 physical and breathing exercises, and 21 a combination of interventions. Trial information could only be verified for 3 trials of psychological interventions (cognitive behavioral, guided imagery, multicomponent online), and these were the only trials with low risk of bias on at least 4 of 7 domains. Results could not be pooled or interpreted with confidence due to the degree of poor reporting and trial quality, the frequency of what were deemed implausibly large effects, and heterogeneity. Trials of interventions to address mental health in hospitalized COVID-19 patients, collectively, are not of sufficient quality to inform practice. Health care providers should refer to existing expert recommendations and standard hospital-based practices. Registration : PROSPERO (CRD42020179703); registered on April 17, 2020. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Coronaviruses, named for their crown-like appearance, are relative newcomers to the human viral encyclopedia, but they are anything but new to the viral landscape. Initially thought to cause relatively mild disease in humans, it is now clear that coronaviruses can cause significant morbidity and mortality. COVID-19 provided a ringside seat from which to watch scientists use genomics in hundreds of ways to learn about, protect against, and ultimately control the effects of this novel virus. This article provides an overview of how genomics was used from the very first reported case in Wuhan, China to the development of at-home test kits, vaccines, and understanding the genetic association with increased risk for severe illness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) remains a major source of mortality in China. Convincing evidence has demonstrated that the reduction of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is correlated with lowering ASCVD risk. The efficacy of lifestyle management in lipid levels reduction has been confirmed in numerous studies. However, considering that low compliance to lifestyle management has limited the benefits of lowering lipid levels, cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) is proposed as a solution to improve clinical outcomes. The objective of this trial is to compare the LDL-C outcome in ASCVD patients receiving mobile device-based CBT to a control group, with both groups under standard pharmacological treatments.Methods: This trial is designed as a multicenter, prospective randomized controlled trial with a 6-month follow-up. Mean LDL-C level and the percentage of different LDL-C levels, coefficient of variation of LDL, General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSEs), quality of life index (QL-index), etc., between the two groups at baseline, 1, 3, and 6 months will be measured.Discussion: This trial should demonstrate that the implementation of mobile-based CBT intervention will be potentially effective in lowering LDL-C levels in ASCVD patients.Trial Registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ( ChiCTR2100046775 ) [registered: 2021/5/28]. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Patients undergoing bariatric surgery have high rates of psychiatric comorbidity, which may increase their vulnerability to COVID-19-related mental health distress. Exacerbation of mental health distress and disordered eating could have significant negative effects on long-term weight management and quality of life for these patients if untreated. Objective: To determine the efficacy of a telephone-based cognitive behavioral therapy (Tele-CBT) intervention in improving depressive, anxiety, and disordered eating symptoms during COVID-19. Methods: Participants were recruited as part of a larger randomized controlled trial study (clinicaltrials.gov ID: NCT03315247) between March 2020 and March 2021 and randomized 1:1 to receive Tele-CBT or standard bariatric care. Outcomes of Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), Emotional Eating Scale (EES), and Binge Eating Scale (BES) were measured at baseline, immediately post-intervention, and 3 months post-intervention. Linear mixed models were used to test the effect of intervention group, time, and group-by-time interaction for each outcome. Results: Eighty-one patients were included in the intention-to-treat analysis. Mean (SD) age of participants was 47.68 (9.36) years and 80.2% were female. There were significant group-by-time interactions for all outcomes and significant differences between groups across time. There were significant decreases in mean GAD-7 (p = 0.001), PHQ-9 (p < 0.001), EES-Total (p = 0.001), EES-Anger (p = 0.003), EES-Anxiety (p < 0.001), EES-Depression (p < 0.001), and BES (p = 0.002) scores for the Tele-CBT group at post-intervention and follow-up when compared to baseline and the control group. Conclusion: Tele-CBT is a feasible and effective treatment for improving psychological distress and disordered eating among post-operative bariatric surgery patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Grounded in the profound tradition of behaviorism theory and research, behavioral activation (BA) has become a standalone psychotherapy for depression. It is simple, straightforward, and easy to comprehend, with comparable efficacy to traditional CBT, and has developed into an evidence-based guided self-help intervention. The main work in the theoretical models and treatment manuals, as well as empirical evidence of the effectiveness of BA for (comorbid) depression in primary and medical care setting are introduced. With the rise of the third wave of CBT, therapeutic components across diagnoses will be incorporated into BA (e.g., mindfulness). Extensive studies are required to examine the neurobiological reward mechanism of BA for depression, and to explore the feasibility and necessity of e-mental health BA application into the public healthcare system in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Illness perceptions are important for patients with insulin-treated type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and impaired awareness of hypoglycemia (IAH), as they determine health-related behaviors and motivations. Patients with IAH in many countries have poor illness perception, and there is a paucity of research exploring the effectiveness of Common Sense Model (CSM)-based interventions in this population. Objective: To investigate the effects of a CSM-based intervention program on perceptions of illness in patients with insulin-treated T2DM and IAH. Design: Quasi-randomized controlled trial. Methods: 78 patients with IAH receiving routine care were included. The intervention group (n = 39) participated in a CSM-based program, whereas the control group (n = 39) did not. Illness perceptions, coping styles, hypoglycemia fear, and awareness of hypoglycemia at baseline, 1, and 3 months were analyzed and compared between the two groups. Results: The intervention group exhibited significant improvements in consequences (β = -1.615, P = 0.032); personal control (β = −1.897, P = 0.006); treatment control (β = −1.274, P = 0.046); and positive coping style (β = 4.872, P = 0.002) at the 3-month follow-up, and timeline (β = 2.769, P = 0.004) at the 1-month follow-up. Hypoglycemia fear and awareness were not significantly improved in the intervention group compared with the control group. No intervention-related adverse events were observed. Conclusions: A CSM-based intervention program can modify illness perceptions to an extent and improve the positive coping style in patients with IAH. Impact statementNurses should conduct a CSM-based intervention program to help patients with IAH improve illness perceptions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Problematic Internet use is increasingly prevalent among college students and is associated with psychosocial impairments. Cognitive-behavioral intervention has been widely used in addressing addictive behaviors, and is shown to be a promising approach for problematic Internet use. This study presented a brief cognitive-behavioral group intervention developed to reduce problematic Internet use through modifying maladaptive cognitions and coping and enhancing self-regulation. This pilot study assessed the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary effect of this adapted intervention with six Chinese college students who had problems with Internet use via smartphones. Important issues including conceptualization of the treatment model, feasibility and acceptability of the intervention protocol, and promising therapeutic benefits were reported and discussed. Findings on the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary outcome of this intervention may be informative to investigators planning similar studies. This study provides useful guidance to clinicians concerning cognitive-behavioral group intervention to address problematic Internet use among university students in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The experience of loss of agency is one of the reasons for clients to go for psychotherapy. Enhancing clients' agency has been considered a fundamental factor for successful treatment in psychiatry and psychotherapy, yet few studies have investigated the interactional realization of how therapists do this in authentic psychotherapeutic encounters. Drawing on audio-recorded talk-in-interaction between clients and psychotherapists in cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) encounters at a mental health center in China, this paper uses the method of conversation analysis to demonstrate how therapists ascribe agency positions to clients by issuing formulations of what the clients have just said. Two types of formulation were identified: affirmative formulations and challenging formulations. In the first type, the therapists highlight the positive aspect of the clients' description of their experiences and ascribe an agentic position to the clients. In the second, the therapists challenge the clients' implausible views and their non-agentic positioning of themselves. This study shows that the therapists' formulation could be employed to manage the epistemic difficulties associated with claiming knowledge about the clients' inner states and assessing their feelings. In this sense, the formulation is a robust interactional device in negotiating epistemic problems in addressing the clients' experiences and promoting their agency in therapy. However, it is noteworthy that in the challenging formulation, therapists claim privileged access to the clients' knowledge domain and challenge their prior epistemic status, which might run the risk of engendering clients' resistance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective. The objective is to help Chinese Shidu parents who have lost their only child to relieve post-traumatic stress disorder. Methods. A qualitative phenomenology study using the hermeneutical phenomenological method was employed in a major metropolitan city in China. Participants were 46 parents who had lost their only child and suffered from post-traumatic stress disorder. Three major themes are: (1) to conduct semistructured in-depth interviews with 46 Shidu parents; (2) to develop and implement a psychological intervention program combining with group intervention and individual counseling based on cognitive-behavioral therapy; (3) to assess the effect of psychological intervention through PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5). Results. Those Shidu parents who lost their only child got great relief from PTSD. The Shidu parents got great relief and changed a lot after the intervention. They became active to participate in group counseling and willing to help others because they experienced the value and fun in the process. They rebuilt their attachment and looked forward to their future life. Conclusion. Cognitive-behavioral therapy can alleviate and even cure post-traumatic stress disorder in Shidu parents who have lost their only child. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]