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Fluoroquinolone antibiotics have been extensively used in clinical treatments for human and animal diseases. However, their long-term presence in the environment increases the risk of producing resistance genes and creates a potential threat to ecosystems and the health of humans and animals. Batch equilibrium experiments were utilized to investigate the adsorption and retention behavior and mechanism of the quinolone antibiotic enrofloxacin (ENR) in farmland soil in North China. The adsorption and desorption kinetics of ENR in soil were best fitted by pseudo-second-order model (R 2  > 0.999). Both the adsorption and desorption processes of ENR in soil reached equilibrium in 1 h. The desorption amounts of ENR were significantly lower than the adsorption amounts, with the hysteresis coefficient (HI) being less than 0.7. The adsorption thermodynamic process of ENR followed the Linear and Freundlich models (0.965 < R 2  < 0.985). Hydrophobic distribution and heterogeneous multimolecular layer adsorption were identified as critical factors in the adsorption process. The adsorption amount of ENR gradually decreased with increasing temperature and the initial concentration of ENR. The adsorption rate of ENR was above 80%, while the desorption rate remained below 15%, indicating strong retention ability. The adsorption rate of ENR in soil decreased with increasing pH, the adsorption rate reached 98.3% at pH 3.0 but only 31.5% at pH 11. The influence of coexisting ions on adsorption primarily depended on their properties, such as ion radius, ionic strength, and hydrolysis properties, and the inhibition of adsorption increased with increasing ionic strength. These findings contribute to understanding the fate and risk of veterinary antibiotics in loess soil in North China., (© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V.)

Waste residue of Chinese prickly ash seeds were simply treated with aqueous ZnCl 2 to prepared the high-performed activated carbon. It was characterized by the methods of XRD, SEM, EDX, FT-IR, BET and XPS. The synergetic adsorption performance of Chinese prickly ash seeds activated carbon for Pb 2+ , Ni 2+ and Acid Orange IΙ (AO) was studied. In the single-component system, the adsorption capacity of Pb 2+ , Ni 2+ and AO were 15.1, 10.7 and 188.4 mg/g, respectively. In the AO-Pb 2+ system, the maximum adsorption capacity of Pb 2+ and AO were 79.40 and 332.68 mg/g under temperature of 30°C and pH of 5.0, respectively. For AO-Ni 2+ system, it was 375.6 and 38.3 mg/g, respectively. The adsorption kinetics was satisfactorily fitted by the pseudo-second-order model. The synergic adsorption process can be smoothly described by the non-modified Sips isotherm.