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In this study, it was the first time that genetic diversity and differentiation pattern of Actinidia chinensis populations across the species native range in China were investigated on 12 nuclear microsatellite markers. Effect of environment in these mountains on the pattern was also explored. Qinling Mountains was shown to have the highest genetic diversity in the A. chinensis. By contrast, the lowest genetic diversity of the species was confirmed in Nanling Mountains. The highest differentiation was observed between populations in Qinling and Nanling, while the least differentiation was observed between populations from Wuling and Luoxiao Mountains. The diploid var. chinensis populations were clustered into 4 ancestral groups. Strong structure of diploid var. chinensis was confirmed by the single ΔK peak, while different ΔK peaks for hexaploid var. deliciosa suggested a weak structure. Stepwise regression analysis was also conducted between alleles and bioclimatic variables. Isothermality (Bio3) and precipitation seasonality (Bio15) significantly affect variation in most of the alleles. UDK96-001, Ke129, and Ke209 were found to have a higher number (>50 loci) of loci significantly associated with the bioclimatic variables. We suggest three dispersal routes for A. chinensis population based on present data and chloroplast data: (1) the relic population dispersal from Wuyi Mountains to Huangshan and Tianmu Mountains, across Baba Mountains, finally reach Qinling Mountains; (2) the populations dispersal from Wuyi Mountains to Luoxiao Mountains, then go into Nanling and Xuefeng Mountains, afterwards, one expands to Wuling Mountains and arrives to Daba and Qinling Mountains; (3) one branch of 2 goes into Yungui Plateau and finally arrives to Hengduan Mountains. Our results also provide fundamental genetic information for conservation of the species germplasm to improve the genetic basis for breeding its cultivars. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This document is a correction notice for an article titled "Full-scale genetic pattern and environmental association of Actinidia chinensis populations across ten mountain systems in China, and its significance for conservation" published in the journal Tree Genetics & Genomes. The correction states that there was an error in the funding section of the original article, specifically the number ID of the national key research and development program. The correct number is "2019YFD1000202." The rest of the manuscript and the results remain unchanged. The publisher, Springer Nature, maintains a neutral stance on jurisdictional claims and institutional affiliations. The authors of the article are Xue-Mei Lu, Yan-Chang Wang, Chuang Liu, Li Liao, Yongbo Liu, Jian-Wen Zhang, Cai-Hong Zhong, and Zuo-Zhou Li. [Extracted from the article]

To evaluate the behavior of the advanced unbonded pre-stressed concrete containment vessel (UPCC\T) for one typical China nuclear power plant under Japan's March 11 earthquake, five nonlinear time history analysis and a nonlinear static analysis of a 1:10 scale UPCCV structure have been carried out with MSC.MARC finite element program. Comparisons between the analytical and experimental results demonstrated that the developed finite element model can predict the earthquake behavior of the UPCCV with fair accuracy. The responses of the 1:10 scale UPCCV subjected to the 11 March 2011 Japan earthquakes recorded at the MYG003 station with the peak ground acceleration (PGA) of 781 gal and at the MYG013 station with the PGA of 982 gal were predicted by the dynamic analysis. Finally, a static analysis was performed to seek the ultimate load carrying capacity for the 1:10 scale UPCCV. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Isoetes hypsophila Hand.-Mazz. (Isoetaceae) is an endangered quillwort endemic to the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. Genetic variation and population structure of 12 I. hypsophila populations were examined by using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers. Eight primer pairs produced a total of 472 unambiguous bands, of which 229 (48.5%) were polymorphic. Intra-population genetic variation of Isoetes hypsophila was low ( P = 14.9%, H = 0.039, hs = 0.084 and I = 0.061). The F statistics calculated by different approaches consistently revealed high genetic differentiation among populations, contributing approximately 50% of total gene diversity. Four genetic groups corresponding to four geographic regions were detected, indicating significant geographic structure. Our results suggest that both ongoing evolutionary forces (e.g., inbreeding system, bottlenecks resulting from fluctuation of water level) and historical events (e.g., orogenic movements which reduce gene flow among populations, repeated population retreat, and recolonization during ice ages) may have contributed to the genetic structure of I. hypsophila. In conservation, attention should be paid to preserving every population, and intra-region translocations can currently be recommended. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Gastrodia elata Blume, a mycoheterotrophic orchid native to the Far East, is an endangered medicinal plant in China. Genetic variation among 19 natural populations of G. elata was examined in central China by using allozyme polymorphism (16 loci in six enzymatic systems). The species exhibited high level of genetic diversity (P =56.3%, A =2.2 and H E =0.221), which was mainly attributed to its perennial habit and mixed reproduction system (both sexual and asexual). Evident genetic differentiation in G. elata natural populations was suggested by F ST =0.241. AMOVA analysis showed 31.3% of the total molecular variation was attributed to inter-population differentiation. Obvious genetic structure and genetic depauperation of some populations indicate forest fragmentation and over-collection have affected genetic variation of G. elata. A conservation strategy, which is conserving populations with great genetic distinction or high level of genetic variation from four management units, is recommended. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Isoetes sinensis is a critically endangered aquatic quillwort, occurring in two fragmented sites of China (Xiuning county of Anhui; Jiande county of Zhejiang). During a five-year period (2004–2009), the areas and sizes of the two populations diminished dramatically due to intensive human activities. Genetic structure of the species was investigated using simple sequence repeat makers (SSRs). For seven nuclear microsatellites, high levels of genetic diversity were found within populations (H E =0.324–0.447). Strong genetic differentiation was detected between populations (G ST =0.376), while weak genetic differentiation was found within populations (G ST =0.026–0.080). Notably, in contrast to the source–sink model suggested by previous study (), the migration pattern of I. sinensis along the Xin’an River is best explained by the linear symmetrical non-adjacent flow model (LSNF), which indicates that intensive human activities of recent years have greatly affected the gene exchange pattern among I. sinensis subpopulations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: This study to analyze the clinical characteristics of patients with invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) following influenza A (H1N1) infection.We retrospectively analyzed 10 cases with IPA following H1N1 infection. The clinical manifestations, laboratory examination results, chest computed tomography, and treatments were analyzed.Clinical manifestations: all 10 cases had typical flu-like symptoms at the onset of the disease, among which 7 patients developed dyspnea in the late stage, and 8 patients had hemoptysis. Laboratory examination: the absolute and percentage of peripheral blood lymphocytes in all 10 patients were declined, among which 5 cases were with decreased CD3+ CD4+ T cells/lymphocytes; 9 cases with increased bronchoalveolar lavage fluid galactomannan; 6 cases with increased serum galactomannan; 1 case with bronchoalveolar lavage fluid cultured aspergillus fumigatus; and 2 cases with aspergillus by second-generation sequencing. Chest computed tomography: all patients showed multiple diffused ground-glass opacities at the beginning, along with linear or reticular interstitial changes. Two cases had multiple subarachnoid nodules with halo signs, 3 cases had consolidation in multiple segments of both lungs, 2 cases had cavities, and 4 cases were with pleural effusion. Treatment: 10 patients were treated with antiviral and anti-Aspergillus drugs after admission. Four patients received respiratory support. All 10 cases were cured and discharged.Early diagnosis of IPA in influenza A (H1N1) patients is the key to successful treatment., Competing Interests: The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose., (Copyright © 2021 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.)