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Fuzuloparib (formerly fluzoparib), a poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor, has shown promising antitumor activity and acceptable safety for the treatment of relapsed ovarian cancer patients harboring the BRCA1/2 mutation after 2-4 lines of platinum-based chemotherapy in previous phase 2 trial. This study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of fuzuloparib versus placebo as maintenance treatment for patients with platinum-sensitive, recurrent ovarian cancer. This is a multicenter, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial conducted at 36 sites in China. Eligible patients had platinum-sensitive, relapsed, high-grade serious ovarian, fallopian tube, primary peritoneal or endometrioid ovarian carcinoma (≥grade 2), had received at least two prior platinum-based regimens and had achieved complete or partial response to their last platinum-based regimen. Patients were randomly assigned in a 2:1 ratio to fuzuloparib (150 mg, twice daily) or matching placebo using an interactive web response system. Randomization was stratified by BRCA1/2 mutation (presence or absence), progression-free interval after penultimate platinum-based regimen (6-12 months or >12 months) and best response to most recent regimen (complete or partial response). The co-primary endpoints were progression-free survival (PFS) assessed by blinded independent central review (BICR) in the overall population and in the BRCA1/2 mutation population. Here, we reported the results of the prespecified interim analysis from this ongoing study, which was planned for formal statistical testing on PFS per BICR in the overall population. Between Apr. 30, 2019 and Jan. 10, 2020, 252 patients were randomly assigned to the fuzuloparib (n=167) or placebo (n=85). BRCA1/2 mutations were confirmed in 100 (39.7%) patients. Sixty-one (24.2%) patients had received more than two lines of previous platinum-based regimen, and 127 (50.4%) patients had the complete response to the most recent regimen. As of Jul 1, 2020, the median PFS per BICR assessment in the overall population was significantly improved with fuzuloparib (hazard ratio [HR], 0.25; 95% CI, 0.17-0.36; one-sided P<0.0001; Figure 1). The HR derived from prespecified subgroup analyses showed a consistent trend of benefit in patients with BRCA1/2 mutation (HR, 0.14, 95% CI, 0.07-0.28) or without it (HR, 0.46; 95% CI, 0.29-0.74). The most common Grade ≥3 adverse events reported in the fuzuloparib group were anemia (25.1%), decreased platelet count (16.8%), decreased neutrophil count (12.6%) and decreased white blood cell count (10.8%), which were manageable with treatment interruption or dose modifications, with only one (0.6%) patient discontinuing treatment due to neutropenia. [Display omitted] Fuzuloparib as maintenance therapy achieved a statistically significant and clinically meaningful improvement in PFS for patients with platinum-sensitive, relapsed ovarian cancer compared with placebo, regardless of BRCA1/2 mutation, and had a manageable safety profile. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates the determinants of the green credit ratio (GCR), and the impact of green credits on the profitability and credit risk of Chinese banks. This study uses bank-level data over the period 2011–2018 and it applies the Generalized Method of Moments (GMM). The present paper contributes to the understanding of green credit policy in China by examining the determinants of GCR, and its relationship with bank's profitability and credit risk. Our findings document that large and profitable banks tend to lend more green credits. Interestingly, there is no significant impact of bank risk on GCR. In other words, risk management is not a significant barrier for banks issuing green credits. We show that state-owned banks are more likely to lend green credits, which is supported by our finding that China's decisive attitude towards green credit policy is so strong that the bank's risk does not matter for the green credit lending policy. Moreover, green lending practices have a significant impact on the profitability and risk faced by these banks. One of the most striking findings of this paper is that while green lending increases the profitability of non-state-owned banks and reduces their risk, state-owned banks provide green credits at the expense of their profitability. This can be attributed to the Chinese government's ambition to push state-owned banks to play a key role in green lending. Scatter graph for the relationships between ROE or Z and GCR. ROE stands for banks' net profit over equity. Z measures banks' financial stability. GCR is the green credit loan ratio of each bank. Image 1 • This paper explores the determinants of green credit ratio of Chinese banks. • Large, profitable and state-owned banks tend to lend more green credits. • Risk management is not a significant barrier for banks issuing green credits. • Chinese government green credit policy plays a crucial role in green credit market. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Although global contraceptive coverage has increased significantly, high rates of unintended pregnancy remain the current global status quo. A comparative analysis of the differences and correlations of knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) of sexual and reproductive health (SRH) of both partners will help guide public health work according to gender characteristics and needs, and reduce the occurrence of unintended pregnancy., Methods: A questionnaire survey of people with unintended pregnancies including women and their male partners ( n = 1,275 pairs) who sought help from the Shanghai General Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from October 2017 to October 2021. Data were collected on sexual and reproductive health knowledge, attitudes, and practices in both partners who had unintended pregnancies. Chi-square test and Logistic regression were used to analyze the relationship between the occurrence of unintended pregnancy and KAP and its influencing factors. Paired odds ratio and McNemar's test were used to estimate the difference and concordance of KAP between partners., Results: This study included 1,275 partners with a mean age of 30.0 years. The partner's overall level of KAP is good. Compared with women, men had better knowledge (χ 2 = 3.93, p = 0.047) and more active contraceptive practices (χ 2 = 19.44, p < 0.001). In the analysis of partner concordance, male contraceptive intention was found to be better than female [matched pairs odds ratio (OR MP ) = 2.56, p < 0.001], and the concordance of positive contraceptive practice between partners increased with male education [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 1.556, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.185-2.044, p = 0.001]. In partner-paired regression analysis, compared with good contraceptive knowledge in both men and women in the partner, the risk of negative contraceptive practice was 1.7 times (aOR = 1.721, 95% CI = 1.234-2.400, p = 0.001) higher with good contraceptive knowledge in women but negative in men, while women with poor contraceptive knowledge but men with good knowledge are 1.3 times (aOR = 1.349, 95% CI = 1.000-1.819, p = 0.05) more likely to have negative contraceptive practices. In addition, compared with partners with positive contraceptive attitudes, women with positive attitudes but negative men and women with negative attitudes but positive men had 1.7 and 1.4 times the risk of negative contraceptive practices, respectively., Conclusion: The study found that unintended pregnancy occurs mainly in young people, and the younger age of first sexual intercourse, the low education background and the lack of discussion of contraception between partners are risk factors for not taking contraceptive measures. Men's better knowledge and contraceptive practices compared with female partners, and poor male contraceptive knowledge and attitudes may lead to a higher risk of negative contraceptive practices, the results suggest that male KAP plays an important role in promoting contraceptive use and reducing unintended pregnancy., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2023 Liu, Dong, Ji, Chen, Yuan, Tao, Zhu, Wu, Zhu and Yang.)

The "Golden Triangle" is located on the border between Myanmar, Laos, and Thailand, and slash-and-burn cultivation is an ancient and typical land type in this region. With the development of the "The Belt and Road" strategy of China and the climate change, the vegetation information is bound to change intensively under the combined influence of alternative plantation projects and economic policies. Here we used MOD13Q1-normalized differential vegetation index (NDVI) and meteorological data to analyze the variation of vegetation coverage and its correlation with climatic factors (temperature and precipitation) during the period of 2000-2018 by using trend analysis, stability analysis, and partial correlation analysis. The results showed that the overall vegetation coverage of this region exerted the trend of improvement and became more stable over time. Spatially, the agglomeration degree became weaker as time goes during 2000-2018. The precipitation was more closely correlated with NDVI than temperature, indicating that precipitation could be the main limiting factor influencing vegetation change in this area. The correlation between NDVI and climatic factors exhibited differences among different seasons, with NDVI being less correlated with temperature and precipitation in spring and summer and more correlated with them in autumn and winter. Investigating the long-term vegetation coverage of this region and analyzing the trend of climate change is beneficial to understand the development trend of the ecological environment and resource potential in this region. Simultaneously, it can provide a favorable ecological evaluation for The Belt and Road strategy and provide important scientific suggestions and guidance for the sustainable development of ecosystems and human society under the drastic environmental changes., (© 2022. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.)

Background: In China, secondary cytoreductive surgery (SCR) has been widely used in ovarian cancer (OC) over the past two decades. Although Gynecologic Oncology Group-0213 trial did not show its overall survival benefit in first relapsed patients, the questions on patient selection and effect of subsequent targeting therapy are still open. The preliminary data from our pre-SOC1 phase II study showed that selected patients with second relapse who never received SCR at recurrence may still benefit from surgery. Moreover, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPi) maintenance now has been a standard care for platinum sensitive relapsed OC. To our knowledge, no published or ongoing trial is trying to answer the question if patient can benefit from a potentially complete resection combined with PARPi maintenance in OC patients with secondary recurrence., Methods: SOC-3 is a multi-center, open, randomized, controlled, phase II trial of SCR followed by chemotherapy and niraparib maintenance vs chemotherapy and niraparib maintenance in patients with platinum-sensitive second relapsed OC who never received SCR at recurrence. To guarantee surgical quality, if the sites had no experience of participating in any OC-related surgical trials, the number of recurrent lesions evaluated by central-reviewed positron emission tomography-computed tomography image shouldn't be more than 3. Eligible patients are randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive either SCR followed by 6 cycles of platinum-based chemotherapy and niraparib maintenance or 6 cycles of platinum-based chemotherapy and niraparib maintenance alone. Patients who undergo at least 4 cycles of chemotherapy and must be, in the opinion of the investigator, without disease progression, will be assigned niraparib maintenance. Major inclusion criteria are secondary relapsed OC with a platinum-free interval of no less than 6 months and a possibly complete resection. Major exclusion criteria are borderline tumors and non-epithelial ovarian malignancies, received debulking surgery at recurrence and impossible to complete resection. The sample size is 96 patients. Primary endpoint is 12-month non-progression rate., Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03983226., Competing Interests: No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported., (Copyright © 2020. Asian Society of Gynecologic Oncology, Korean Society of Gynecologic Oncology.)

By using moving split-window techniques (MSWT), this study estimated how far the edge effects penetrated the forest and agricultural fields in the arid valley of upper reaches of Minjiang River, southwestern China. Its aim was to provide general information on vegetation along edge to interior gradients in order to assist in interpretation and prediction of biological phenomena associated with agriculture-forestry boundary, and to improve current management practices in such areas. Three types of boundaries (10 transects) were investigated and sampled. The results showed that when the window width reached 6-10, the change of the SED curve on the graph tended to become stable, and one or two peaks occurred. The depth of edge influence was clearly different for different types of boundaries, and could be estimated within 50 m from the edge to interior. The depth of edge influence (DEI) on vegetation diversity almost varied between 12-30 m, mainly depending on the patch type, topography and microclimate, but seldom on slope orientation. Of the 6 forest transects in the three types of boundaries, the DEI was detected only in the forest part transects M2 and M6, but almost detectable in the agricultural part of all transects. MSWT was considered to be a useful tool for characterizing edge dynamics if enough data was available, and became a simple and powerful technique for analyzing the boundary. The results will provide further knowledge for understanding the interaction between forestry and agriculture in the arid valley.