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Species delimitation is critical to our understanding of evolution, biodiversity, and conservation. However, delimiting species boundaries can be challenging, especially when intraspecific divergence is high (and interspecific divergence is low), and gene flow and incomplete lineage sorting are present. Mygalomorph spiders have become models for examining a variety of evolutionary and biogeographical questions. However, their extreme morphological homogeneity and high genetic structuring make delimiting mygalomorph species especially challenging. Integrative approaches to species delimitation, which combine multiple lines of evidence, have been used to infer the limits of many mygalomorph groups in an independent and reproducible way. Yet molecular species delimitation and phylogenetic relationships of the purseweb spider family Atypidae remain scarce. In this study, we explored the phylogeny and species delimitation of Calommata spiders from southern China using data sets including three mitochondrial (COI, 16S, and 12S) and two nuclear (28S, H3) markers. Our phylogenetic analyses yielded a well‐supported clade containing all southern Chinese Calommata and a sister relationship between C. signata and three new species within it. Based on the single‐locus and multilocus species delimitation analyses, we delimited four Calommata species from southern China: one known species (C. signata) and three new species (C. yuanjiangica sp. n., C. hangzhica sp. n. and C. jinggangica sp. n.). This study thus provides a framework for determining the limits of C. signata sensu lato species and calls for further study of systematics and evolutionary relationships within Calommata and other atypid lineages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Five species of the genus Opopaea Simon, 1892 from southern China are recognised, including four new species: Opopaea mangun Tong & Li, sp. nov., Opopaea taibao Tong & Yang, sp. nov., Opopaea wenshan Tong & Zhang, sp. nov. and Opopaea yuhuang Tong & Li, sp. nov. from Yunnan and one newly-recorded species: Opopaea foveolata Roewer, 1963 from Hainan. Detailed diagnoses, descriptions and photomicroscopy images of new species are provided, based on specimens of both sexes. A key to species of the genus Opopaea from China is provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Novel diabetes phenotypes were proposed by the Europeans through cluster analysis, but Chinese community diabetes populations might exhibit different characteristics. This study aims to explore the clinical characteristics of novel diabetes subgroups under data-driven analysis in Chinese community diabetes populations., Methods: We used K-means cluster analysis in 6369 newly diagnosed diabetic patients from eight centers of the REACTION (Risk Evaluation of cAncers in Chinese diabeTic Individuals) study. The cluster analysis was performed based on age, body mass index, glycosylated hemoglobin, homeostatic modeled insulin resistance index, and homeostatic modeled pancreatic β-cell functionality index. The clinical features were evaluated with the analysis of variance (ANOVA) and chi-square test. Logistic regression analysis was done to compare chronic kidney disease and cardiovascular disease risks between subgroups., Results: Overall, 2063 (32.39%), 658 (10.33%), 1769 (27.78%), and 1879 (29.50%) populations were assigned to severe obesity-related and insulin-resistant diabetes (SOIRD), severe insulin-deficient diabetes (SIDD), mild age-associated diabetes mellitus (MARD), and mild insulin-deficient diabetes (MIDD) subgroups, respectively. Individuals in the MIDD subgroup had a low risk burden equivalent to prediabetes, but with reduced insulin secretion. Individuals in the SOIRD subgroup were obese, had insulin resistance, and a high prevalence of fatty liver, tumors, family history of diabetes, and tumors. Individuals in the SIDD subgroup had severe insulin deficiency, the poorest glycemic control, and the highest prevalence of dyslipidemia and diabetic nephropathy. Individuals in MARD subgroup were the oldest, had moderate metabolic dysregulation and the highest risk of cardiovascular disease., Conclusion: The data-driven approach to differentiating the status of new-onset diabetes in the Chinese community was feasible. Patients in different clusters presented different characteristics and risks of complications., (© 2024 The Author(s). Journal of Diabetes published by Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine and John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd.)

This paper deals with three species of Capnogryllacris from Yunnan, China. One new species, one new recorded species and the female sex of Capnogryllacris rufonotata (Li, Liu Li, 2014) are described. All the examined specimens deposited in the Guangxi Normal University and Institute of Entomoceutics, Research, Dali University.

This paper describes three new species from Yunnan Province and provides morphological characters of Anelytra multicurvus Shi Qiu, 2009 and Anelytra (Euanelytra) adjacens soror Gorochov, 1994. And two mitogenomes of Anelytra are reported. All the specimens are deposited in Guangxi Normal University and Institute of Entomoceutics Research, Dali University.

This paper lists all known Chinese Raspy Crickets (Gryllacrididae) following the scheme proposed by Cadena-Castañeda. A total of 23 genera, 104 species, 3 new combinations, 4 new synonyms, and 1 new replacement name are recorded. Based on these known species, keys to genera (or subgenera) and species with the diagnosis of each genus are also given. Also we provide the Chinese name of all categories.

One new species of Eremus Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1888 is reported from Southwest China, Yunnan. The morphological features are described, and provided with colored charts of classification features. Up to now, only two species have been described in the Chinese fauna. Type specimen is deposited in the Institute of Entomoceutics Research, Dali University (DUIER).

Background: The correlation between remnant cholesterol (RC) and urinary albumin to creatinine ratio (UACR) has not been illustrated. The present study aims to explore the correlation between RC levels and UACR in Chinese community adults., Methods: This study included 35 848 participants from a cohort study (REACTION). The UACR data were divided into three groups: UACR <10 mg/g, 10 ≤UACR<30 mg/g, and UACR ≥30 mg/g groups. RC was divided into two groups, according to the 75th percentile: <75% group and ≥75% group. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the correlation between RC and UACR., Results: The RC exhibited an adjusted odds ratio that was significant in models 1-5. Although all confounders were corrected in model 5, RC and UACR were still significantly correlated， and the correlation was more significant in females，when compared to males (odds ratio [OR]: 1.117, 95% CI: 1.063-1.176, P < 0.001 for all subjects; OR: 1.092, 95% CI: 1.128-1.161, P = 0.004 for females; and OR: 1.085, 95% CI: 0.998-1.194, P = 0.088 for males). The RC was significantly correlated with UACR for subjects with 5.6 ≤ fasting blood glucose < 7.0 or 7.8 ≤ post-load blood glucose < 11.1 mmol/L, 24 ≤ body mass index (BMI) < 28 kg/m 2 , 120 ≤ systolic blood pressure < 140 and/or 80 ≤ diastolic blood pressure < 90 mm Hg., Conclusions: In the Chinese community, RC is highly correlated with UACR, and the correlation is more significant in females compared with males. At higher RC levels, patients with critical values of blood pressure, BMI and blood glucose have a more significant correlation between RC and UACR., (© 2020 Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine and John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd.)

The genus Rapisma McLachlan, 1866 (Insecta: Neuroptera: Ithonidae) is a rare and poorly known lacewing group endemic to Asia. Previously, there were five species recorded from China. Here we describe a new species of Rapisma from Mt. Gaoligongshan, southwestern Yunnan, China, namely Rapisma gaoligongensis sp. nov. The new species appears to be closely related to Rapisma corundum Barnard, 1981 from eastern Myanmar and Rapisma daianum Yang, 1993 from southern Yunnan, China, and it belongs to a group of Rapisma species with pectinate male antennae and posteriorly bilobed male gonocoxites 9.

Here male specimens of the trapdoor spider family Halonoproctidae collected from Yunnan Province, China are diagnosed and described as new to science based on their genital morphology. Specimens are identified as two new species of Conothele Thorell, 1878: C. cangshan sp. nov. and C. deqin sp. nov.