Search

Background: Nodal T-follicular helper cell lymphomas (nTFHLs) represent a new family of peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTCLs), and comparative studies of their constituents are rare. Methods: This study retrospectively enrolled 10 patients with nTFHL-F and 30 patients with nTFHL-NOS diagnosed between December 2017 and October 2023 at six large comprehensive tertiary hospitals; 188 patients with nTFHL-AI were diagnosed during the same period at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University for comparison. Results: Compared with nTFHL-AI, nTFHL-NOS patients exhibited better clinical manifestations, lower TFH expression levels, and a lower Ki-67 index. However, no differences in clinicopathological features were observed between nTFHL-F and nTFHL-AI patients as well as nTFHL-NOS patients. According to the survival analysis, the median OS for patients with nTFHL-NOS, nTFHL-AI, and nTFHL-F were 14.2 months, 10 months, and 5 months, respectively, whereas the median TTP were 14 months, 5 months, and 3 months, respectively. Statistical analysis revealed differences in TTP among the three subtypes(P=0.0173). Among the population of patients receiving CHOP-like induction therapy, there were significant differences in the OS and TTP among the nTFHL-NOS, nTFHL-AI, and nTFHL-F patients (P=0.0134, P=0.0205). Both the GDPT and C-PET regimens significantly improved the ORR, OS, and PFS in nTFHL patients. Conclusion: There are significant differences in the clinical manifestations, pathology, and survival outcomes among the three subtypes of nTFHLs. However, further research with a larger sample size, and involving clinical pathology and molecular genetics is needed to determine the distinctive biological characteristics of these tumors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: With the ongoing push to improve the quality of talent in all professions, academic pressure on undergraduates is gradually increasing, leading to students feeling increasingly frustrated by academic stressors. As it becomes more widespread, the resulting issue of academic frustration is attracting public attention. Aim: The current study explored the relationship between undergraduate anti-frustration ability (AFA) on their academic frustration (AF), focusing specifically on the roles played by core competence (CC) and coping style (CS) in this relationship. Methods: Our sample comprised 1,500 undergraduate students from universities in China. Data collection made use of the Ability to Anti-Frustration Ability Questionnaire, the Academic Frustration Questionnaire, the Core Competence Questionnaire, and the Simple Coping Style Questionnaire. Results: The results showed that: (1) AFA negatively predicted the AF of undergraduates, with CC mediating this relationship and (2) CS had a moderating effect on the relationship between CC and AF. We concluded that students who employ positive CS may be more successful in alleviating their AF to a larger extent, with the mediation of CC. Interpretation: The results revealed the mechanism of AFA on AF, which will help schools consider and guide students’ skills and abilities, both academically and personally. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

China's croplands have experienced drastic changes in management practices, such as fertilization, tillage, and residue treatments, since the 1980s. There is an ongoing debate about the impact of these changes on soil organic carbon (SOC) and its implications. Here we report results from an extensive study that provided direct evidence of cropland SOC sequestration in China. Based on the soil sampling locations recorded by the Second National Soil Survey of China in 1980, we collected 4,060 soil samples in 2011 from 58 counties that represent the typical cropping systems across China. Our results showed that across the country, the average SOC stock in the topsoil (0-20 cm) increased from 28.6 Mg C ha-1 in 1980 to 32.9 Mg C ha-1 in 2011, representing a net increase of 140 kg C ha-1 year-1. However, the SOC change differed among the major agricultural regions: SOC increased in all major agronomic regions except in Northeast China. The SOC sequestration was largely attributed to increased organic inputs driven by economics and policy: while higher root biomass resulting from enhanced crop productivity by chemical fertilizers predominated before 2000, higher residue inputs following the large-scale implementation of crop straw/stover return policy took over thereafter. The SOC change was negatively related to N inputs in East China, suggesting that the excessive N inputs, plus the shallowness of plow layers, may constrain the future C sequestration in Chinese croplands. Our results indicate that cropland SOC sequestration can be achieved through effectively manipulating economic and policy incentives to farmers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on ERA-Interim reanalysis wave field data for the 36 years from 1979 to 2014, the temporal and spatial distributions and development potential of wave energy are studied in detail in the offshore and relatively nearshore waters adjacent to the Zhoushan Islands. The results show that areas of relatively high wave energy are located in the offshore waters to the east and southeast of the Zhoushan Islands. The potential wave energy in relatively nearshore waters (water depths from 10 m to 65 m) is relatively higher and especially in the nearshore waters to the southeast of the city of Taizhou, Zhejiang Province, which are suitable locations for wave energy development. The conclusions provide scientific guidance for wave energy development in the sea areas adjacent to the Zhoushan Islands. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is known that soil organic matter (SOM) dynamics are sensitive to fertilizations, but it is different from soil to soil. It is unclear how the long-term applications of organic manure and mineral fertilizers impact the accumulation and distribution of soil organic carbon (SOC) and total nitrogen (TN) especially in soil aggregate fractions of Chinese Mollisols, which have been intensively cultivated for decades under maize monocropping and conventional tillage ways. Thereby, the research of this kind is very important for the sustainable use of agricultural land in China, where land resources are extremely limited for its huge population. The objectives of this study were to identify how the long-term fertilization treatments would affect the aggregate, SOC and TN distribution pattern in the Chinese Mollisol, and how soil aggregation contribute to the storage and stabilization process of SOC and TN. Soils were sampled in April 2005 from a long-term experiment site established in 1979. Six treatments were selected as follows: CK (zero fertilizer), NPK (mineral fertilizers), M1 (organic manure at lower level), M1NPK (combination of M1 and NPK), M2 (organic manure at higher level) and M2NPK (combination of M2 and NPK). Four aggregate fractions, i.e., large macroaggregate (>2,000 µm), small macroaggregate (250–2,000 µm), microaggregate (53–250 µm) and silt + clay fraction (<53 µm), respectively, were obtained by wet sieving. SOC and TN in bulk soils and aggregates were analyzed using a C/N/H/S-analyzer (Vario ElementarIII, Germany). The small macroaggregate was the most abundant component in the soils, accounting for 46.1–60.2% of the dry soil mass and about 50% of SOC and TN. The small macroaggregate proportion decreased while large macroaggregate percentage increased significantly after organic manure treatment. However, mineral fertilizers application enlarged the proportion of microaggregate and silt + clay fraction. Consequently, SOC and TN contents in all the four aggregates increased remarkably with organic manure application, whereas mere mineral fertilizers addition did not affect SOC and TN content significantly. The combination of NPK with the higher level of organic manure was more effective in improving SOC and TN accumulation than organic manure application alone. Moreover, organic manure application tended to decrease C/N ratios, in general, and higher C/N ratios in >53 µm fractions than in others, suggesting that SOC in the larger fractions is relatively fresh or little altered by microorganisms, whereas, the SOC associated with <53 µm fraction is more decomposed and relative aged. However, the higher enrichment factor for N ( EN) than for C ( EC) in <53 µm fraction indicates a preferential depletion of labile SOC and relative accumulation of stable SOC pools in the finest fraction. The long-term application of organic manure generally facilitated aggregation processes and then improved the quantity and quality of SOM in the Mollisol, whereas the long-term mineral fertilizers application generally resulted in the de-aggregation effect. The combination of organic manure and mineral fertilizers was a better way to further enhance the sequestration of SOC and improve SOM quality by aggregation compared to the pure organic manure. It is concluded that when increasing organic input, physical protection plays a major role for the sequestration of the increased SOC in the Chinese Mollisol. However, when SOC is depleted under a certain management practice, it will happen preferentially in the physical protected SOC in large aggregates. This study has great implications for better understanding SOC and N dynamics as affected by long-term fertilization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper the author examines the ideological use of history in 'International Film Festival Films' from Mainland China in the early 1990s. The author observes that films like Chen Kaige's Farewell My Concubine , Tian Zhuangzhuang's The Blue Kite , and Zhang Yimou's To Live all share the post-revolutionary assumption and seek to deconstruct the 'grand-narrative' of social revolution and idealism by constructing a counter-narrative of national trauma and traumatized individual life. By analyzing the filmic text of The Blue Kite , the author argues that, instead of exploring the complexity of social change and everyday life of the Chinese twentieth century, the former Fifth Generation auteurs resorted to a visual ontology or mythology of the present, which in turn invents its past as a melodrama of 'human nature' or 'art as such'. The reason why moments of those films remain compelling, as the author argues, is not because of the new metaphysics and ahistorical conclusions at the superficial level, but lies in the fact that the visual and narrative logic of the 'new cinematic language' (as a result of the aesthetic-political upheaval of the Chinese 1980s) resists the formula of 'healing' and captures the irreducible complexity of a world of life (i.e. Mao's China) despite the ideological tendency of the global 1990s. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Examines the portrayal of Shanghai, China in several Chinese literary works 'Sealed Off,' by Zhang Ailing; 'A Tale From the Cultural Revolution,' by Wang Anyi; 'Ballad of Eternal Sorrow,' by Wang Anyi.

Focuses on cultural politics in China. Comparison between postmodernism in China and Chinese postmodernism; Emergence of post-socialist society; Effect of postmodernism on tradition of anti-modernist modernisms; Explanations on the neo-conservatism phenomenon; Views of the Old Left and the New Right political movements.

Offers a suggestion for the deconstruction of the literary history of Chinese socialist realism. Relevance of socialist realism in the intellectual life of China; Characteristics of Chinese socialist realism; Suggestion to create an alternative culture; Definition of socialist realism.

Presents a collection of discussions on postmodernism and China. Exploration of the terrain of what might be construed as postmodern in intellectual and creative activity; Whether the condition of contemporary Chinese societies can be included in the two concepts, postmodernity and postmodernism; Most objections to the use of postmodernism within a Chinese context; Impact of Chinese communism.

Examines nationalism, mass culture and intellectual strategies in Post-Tiananmen China. Secularization and the limits of civic nationalism; Tension between universal principles and national boundaries relevant to liberalism; Mass culture and intellectual disorders.

Explores the history and evolution of intellectual politics in Post-Tinanmen China. Evasive nature of Chinese society; Implications of Marxism and modernization ideologies; Nationalism and mass culture; Postrevolutionary conservatism; Orientalism and neocolonialism.