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Heavy metal and metalloid (HMM) contamination of the water environment caused by mining activities is a great challenge to the global mining industry. HMMs released by various mines could easily enter the surrounding environment and pose serious threats to human health. Although the HMM pollution of surface water in various mines has been widely researched, relevant studies on the effects of mining activities on the surface water of hard-rock-type Li mines are scarce. Herein, a total of 81 water samples were collected from Jiajika mine for the first time, the largest hard-rock-type Li mine in Asia. The physical parameters and concentrations of HMMs and major ions of the samples were analyzed to evaluate the water quality and HMM level of surface water. Results showed that (1) most of the parameters analyzed adhered to the strictest guidelines of Chinese surface waters and the drinking water guidelines of WHO, except Mn, Pb, and As of a few samples from tailings-affected areas and Li-bearing areas; (2) mineral tailings obviously increased the pH and decreased the dissolved oxygen (DO) of the surrounding surface waters; (3) the highest concentrations of As (5.58 μg/L), Zn (81.8 μg/L), Ba (5.26 μg/L), and Co (0.33 μg/L) were observed around the tailings reservoir, whereas the highest concentrations of Cr (1.5 μg/L), Mn (380 μg/L), Pb (28.4 μg/L), and V (3.16 μg/L) were observed in Li-bearing areas; and (4) according to the statistical results, the concentrations of As, Cr, Ni, and V in surface water were mainly affected by mining activities, whereas those of Cu, Zn, Ba, Co, and Pb were dominantly affected by natural processes. These results provide useful information about water quality in relation to Li mining and can help the government make reasonable decisions regarding hard-rock-type Li resource exploitation activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella), a freshwater species native to China, have been introduced in more than 100 countries. In this paper, inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers were used to evaluate genetic variation within and among grass carp populations sampled from its native (China) and colonized habitats (USA, Hungary, and Japan). Twenty-two ISSR primers were used to generate 207 bands, of which 82 (39.61 %) were polymorphic. The highest genetic diversity was observed in the Yangtze River population, whereas the lowest diversity was found in the Tone River population (Japan). Compared with colonized populations, the native populations possess approximately twice as much genetic diversity. The AMOVA analysis showed a relatively high level of genetic variation within populations. Significant genetic differences were revealed both among the native populations and between pooled native and colonized populations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Tarim schizothoracin ( Schizothorax biddulphi Günther) is an extremely endangered freshwater fish that thrives only in the Tarim River drainage in China. In this paper, we initially determined the complete mitochondrial genome of schizothoracin fishes. The mitochondrial genome of S. biddulphi was 16,585 bp long, which is similar to most vertebrates. It contains the same gene order and a similar number of gene or region including 13 protein-coding genes, 2 rRNA genes, 22 tRNA genes, and 1 putative control region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

NMHCs concentrations and VOCs components were sampled from 12 typical catering units in Sichuan Province. Combined with literature data, the cooking source profile containing 117 VOCs was established comprehensively, and the NMHCs emission factors were obtained. Based on the bottom-up research method, the volatile organic compounds emission inventory of cooking sources in Sichuan Province was established. The results showed that the oxygen and alkane groups were the most important components for Sichuan cuisine, barbecue, and canteen, and the total proportion of the two groups was greater than 75%. The main VOCs species were ethanol, formaldehyde, ethane, hexanal, ethylene, 1,3-butadiene, and acrolein. Oxygen-containing components contributed the most to OFP, followed by olefin. The major OFP contributors were formaldehyde, ethylene, ethanol, 1,3-butadiene, acrolein, hexanal, etc. In 2019, the VOCs emissions and OFP values of cooking sources in Sichuan Province were 32kt and 141kt, respectively, accounting for approximately 5% of the anthropogenic VOCs emissions and OFP values in Sichuan Province. The VOCs emission from cooking may have an important contribution to ozone formation, which means more attention should be paid to cooking.

Recently, differentiation in phenotypic traits (P(ST)) and differentiation at neutral molecular markers (F(ST)) across populations have been become an important topic in evolutionary biology. The Minjiang River is a key genetic introgression zone between the Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis) and the Hepu mitten crab (Eriocheir hepuensis), making it an excellent area to study their genetics and evolutionary mechanisms. We compared and analyzed P(ST) in 14 phenotypic traits and F(ST) in six microsatellite markers from 133 individuals of the mitten crab, sampled in the Minjiang River in 2009 and 2010. The results indicated that 11 phenotypic traits were significantly different (P<0.01) between the 2009 and 2010 populations. The mean expected heterozygosity (H(E)) of the 2009 populations was significantly higher (P=0.008) than that of 2010 populations, but the mean allele richness (A(R)), observed heterozygosity (H( O)) and inbreeding coefficient (F(IS)) were all not significant between 2009 and 2010 populations (P=0.136-0.675). F(ST) in microsatellite markers was 0.1429 between the two years. In the 14 traits, only one trait (F2) was found with P(ST)F(ST), suggesting that directional selection is occurring. This study provides valuable data to the further study and analysis of the molecular evolution of the mitten crab, and contributes a useful reference in comparing P(ST) and F(ST) in other aquatic organisms.