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Background: The current study was carried out to provide a reference for monitory of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), zearalenone (ZEN) and deoxynivalenol (DON) contamination in feed ingredients and complete feeds were collected from different Province in China from 2013 to 2015. Methods: A total of 443 feed ingredients, including 220 corn, 24 wheat, 24 domestic distillers dried grains with soluble (DDGS), 55 bran, 20 wheat shorts and red dog, 37 imported DDGS, 34 corn germ meal and 29 soybean meal as well as 127 complete feeds including 25 pig complete feed (powder), 90 pig complete feed (pellet), six duck complete feed and six cattle complete feed were randomly collected from different Province in China, respectively, by high-performance chromatography in combined with UV or fluorescence analysis. Results: The incidence rates of AFB1, ZEN and DON contamination of feed ingredients and complete feeds were 80.8, 92.3 and 93.9 %, respectively. The percentage of positive samples for DON ranged from 66.7 to 100 %. Domestic DDGS and imported DDGS presented the most serious contamination AFB1, ZEN and DON contamination levels of feeds ranged from 61.5 to 100 %, indicated that serious contamination over the studied 3-year period. Conclusion: The current data provide clear evidence that AFB1, ZEN and DON contamination of feed ingredients and complete feeds in different Province in China is serious and differs over past 3-year. The use of corn, domestic DDGS, imported DDGS and corn germ meal, which may be contaminated with these three mycotoxins, as animal feed may triggered a health risk for animal. Feeds are most contaminated with DON followed by ZEN and AFB1. Mycotoxins contamination in feed ingredients and complete feeds should be monitored routinely in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background. During March 2008, a college in Urumqi, capital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region in China, reported a measles outbreak, amid a city-wide outbreak involving >2700 cases. Methods. Suspected case patients were defined as patients with onset of fever (≥38°) and rash between 7 March and 30 April 2008. Probable case patients were defined as suspected case patients with >3 days of rash or known exposure to someone with laboratory-confirmed measles. Confirmed case patients were defined as suspected or probable case patients with Koplik spots or positive titer for immunoglobulin M antibody. We conducted a case-control investigation to identify risk factors for transmission. Results. We identified 162 suspected (attack rate, 1.9%), 99 probable, and 62 confirmed case patients. The epidemic curve indicated a point source initially, followed by person-to-person transmission. Approximately 63% of 90 probable case patients and 27% of 150 asymptomatic student controls randomly selected among classmates of student case patients visited internet cafés during the exposure period (odds ratio [OR], 4.5; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.6-8.0); 66% of case patients and 45% of student controls reported close contact with a measles case patient (OR, 2.3; 95% CI, 1.3-3.9). In stratified analysis, visiting internet cafés (OR, 4.0; 95% CI, 1.5-11) remained significantly associated with disease, but contact with case patients (OR, 1.9; 95% CI, .79-4.4) became nonsignificant. Conclusions. This measles outbreak was transmitted in internet cafés, followed by secondary transmission. Chinese universities should require proof of immunity or 2 doses of measles vaccine at college entry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Provides information on a study which examined the terrestrial heat flow of boreholes and rock samples from the Junggar Basin in China. Information on the geological setting and heat flow sites; Calculation of heat flow; Factors affecting heat flow pattern; Implications of tectonothermal evolution.