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The intense competition amongst travel apps, regardless of their popularity, has made repurchase intention a critical financial challenge for travel providers. By combining the Stimulus-Organism-Response (S-O-R) framework and the New Economic Geography (NEG) theory, this research examined how city tier disparities influence the experiential features of travel apps and user repurchase intentions. Survey data was acquired from 739 travel app users in China. The findings indicate that a set of context-based experiential features significantly influences utilitarian and hedonic values, and consequently leading to a notable increase in repurchase intentions. In addition, the outcomes of a multigroup analysis revealed that China's users located in tier 1 city (i.e. Beijing) and tier 3 city (i.e. Kunming) had distinct effects on the hypothesised relationships. Theoretically, the research provides extensive implications to information systems and tourism literatures; whilst offering some actionable insights to travel practitioners. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study, leveraging search engine data, investigates the dynamics of China's domestic tourism markets in response to the August 2022 epidemic outbreak in Xinjiang. It focuses on understanding the reaction mechanisms of tourist-origin markets during destination crises in the post-pandemic phase. Notably, the research identifies a continuous rise in the potential tourism demand from tourist origin cities, despite the challenges posed by the epidemic. Further analysis uncovers a regional disparity in the growth of tourism demand, primarily influenced by the economic stratification of origin markets. Additionally, the study examines key tourism attractions such as Duku Road, highlighting its resilient competitive system, which consists of distinctive tourism experiences, economically robust tourist origins, diverse tourist markets, and spatial pattern stability driven by economic factors in source cities, illustrating an adaptive response to external challenges such as crises. The findings provide new insights into the dynamics of tourism demand, offering a foundation for developing strategies to bolster destination resilience and competitiveness in times of health crises. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An increasing number of Chinese tourists exhibit reluctance in trusting and using Official Tourism Destination Websites (OTDWs). To address this hesitancy, our study developed an integrated framework and structural model based on Hofstede's cultural values (CV) and perceived administration service power (PASP) to explore methods for enhancing tourists' trust in OTDWs. This research investigated the impacts of collectivism, low power distance, high context, local distinctiveness, perceived economic management power, perceived tourism management power, perceived benevolence, and perceived integrity on CV and PASP. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was employed to analyze questionnaires completed by 324 Chinese tourists with experience in traveling and using OTDWs. The overall fit of our structural model was acceptable, and the Cronbach's Alpha values indicated adequate reliability. Findings revealed that tourists' trust in OTDWs is positively and significantly influenced by collectivism, low power distance, high context, and perceived benevolence. Furthermore, CV positively impacts PASP. Consequently, OTDW management departments should give special attention to collectivism, low power distance, high context, and perceived benevolence to enhance tourists' trust in OTDWs. The study's results offer valuable insights for tourism destination managers to understand tourists' preferences and optimize OTDWs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Growing global concern over greenhouse gas emissions has led to a demand for understanding and addressing carbon emissions, with China being one of the main contributors to global carbon emissions, committed to reach the carbon peak by 2030. As a result, much previous research has delved into the drivers of carbon emissions in China; however, few studies have included new energy factors in the extended STIRPAT model when analysing the data, employed more advanced visualisation techniques such as force-directed diagrams, and explored factors outside of the industrial and energy sectors in determining China's ability to reach their environmental goals. In this study, we use the extended STIRPAT model to analyse a more diverse range of drivers for carbon emissions in China and discuss methods to reach peak carbon emissions through the implementation of environmental policies. Using data from China's 14th Five-Year Plan and Vision 2035 to set up two simulation scenarios, we predict China's carbon emissions, introducing ridge regression to ensure validity, and employing big data and visualisation techniques to aid in interpreting results. Our findings suggest that China needs to implement more stringent environmental policies to meet its commitment to reach peak carbon emissions by 2030, revealing that factors such as per capita arable land area, per capita GDP, the proportion of people living in extreme poverty, the level of tourism development, the use of fossil fuels, and new energy technologies have a significant impact on China's carbon emissions. As such, we can recommend more stringent policies relating to the agricultural, energy, and tourism sectors to help China achieve their goal of carbon peak by 2030. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The COVID-19 pandemic has created significant challenges to the global economy, especially within the tourism industry. Economic downturns and psychological barriers make it even more challenging to attract tourists back. This paper explores the stimulating effect of digital travel vouchers on tourist mobility, as well as the heterogeneous effects of different vouchers modes. Using monthly data on tourist inflows in 306 cities from September 2020 to December 2021, collected by a web-crawling tool, and manually gathered information of digital travel vouchers issued during this period, our analyses show that digital travel vouchers can boost tourist inflows. Their effectiveness, however, depends on the method of issuance and the total number distributed. Furthermore, significant spillover effects among neighboring cities are found through a spatial econometric model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The infrastructural development of the Greater Bay Area in China has experienced rapid growth in recent years. Given the national plans, local governments have to upgrade their urban habitat, convenience, leisure and recreation. Particularly, municipal governments have built lengthy bike lanes for multiple purposes such as commuting, exercise, leisure and tourism. Users' preferences have become more diversified. Within the GBA region, several bike lanes exceed 100 km and thus many rest stations are available along the route. Nevertheless, prior bike travelling studies in Asia Pacific countries have focused on the whole trip experience and bike lanes' safety design focusing in rural areas. There exists a paucity of information about users' preference of amenities for a relatively long-haul bike journey for leisure and tourism purpose in a metropolitan setting. To fill the gap, research with mixed methods using interviews with two groups of insightful persons and a survey of 342 potential users were undertaken to gather their perspectives on the 30 value-added amenities of rest stations for biking travelling. At last, the implications of findings on related policy planning were discussed inclusive the proposed establishment of a commission comprising boarder representativeness of stakeholders and the prioritized facilities in the planning for optimization of bike path for tourism and leisure. • Prior bike travelling studies in Asia Pacific countries have focused on the whole trip experience and bike lanes' safety design focusing in rural areas. There exists a paucity of information about users' preference of amenities for a relatively long-haul bike journey for leisure and tourism purpose in a metropolitan setting. • Two-phrase research design using interviews with two groups of insightful persons and a survey of 342 potential users were undertaken to gather their perspectives on the 30 value-added amenities of rest stations for biking travelling. • Implications of findings on related policy planning were discussed inclusive the proposed establishment of a commission comprising boarder representativeness of stakeholders and the prioritized facilities in the planning for optimization of bike path for tourism and leisure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The assessment of suitability is the cornerstone for the development of ecotourism in nature reserves. This paper adopts the Delphi method to invite 30 experts to score and screen a series of indicators and then calculates the weight of each indicator through the hierarchical analysis method (AHP) to establish a comprehensive evaluation index system for the suitability of ecotourism development. The AHP method includes four constraints layers (tourism resources, socio-economic environment, ecological conditions, and tourism market), in addition to eleven element layers and thirty-eight indicators. It establishes overarching criteria for evaluating ecotourism suitability. Our research focuses on Dinghushan, Xilin Gol Grassland, Hongze Lake Wetland, and Jiuzhai valley, and the results are as follows: (1) Ecotourism suitability evaluation level is divided into five levels, level I (0 ≤ S < 30) ecotourism development suitability is the lowest, meaning an area is extremely unsuitable for ecotourism development. Level V (90 ≤ S < 100) has a very high ecotourism value, meaning an area is highly suitable for ecotourism development. (2) Jiuzhai valley scored the highest ecotourism suitability evaluation score of 87.63, and Xilingol Grassland scored the lowest score of 81.27. However, the composite scores of all the nature reserves were above 80, placing them at Suitability Level IV, and thereby indicating a high suitability for ecotourism development. (3) Divergences in ecotourism suitability emerge among various nature reserve types, with grassland and meadow reserves exhibiting lower suitability levels. Addressing this, a robust management and monitoring system is imperative, alongside intensified efforts in ecological restoration, vegetation protection, community engagement, education, awareness, and increased policy support and tourism capital investment. (4) The results of the expert questionnaire showed that the maximum weight of the indicators affecting the evaluation of the suitability of ecotourism was the satisfaction of tourists (0.120), and the minimum weight was the accommodation facilities (0.002), which illustrated the important role of tourists in the ecotourism development carried out in the nature reserve. (5) Through empirical analysis of numerous cases, the study validates the practicality and effectiveness of the index system and provides scientific guidelines for the suitability of existing nature reserves for further ecotourism development. This contributes to the research theory on the suitability evaluation of ecotourism development and serves as a valuable reference for the future ecotourism development of diverse nature reserves. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In coastal delphinid conservation, dolphin watching (DW) is frequently proposed for artisanal fishers as a community‐based marine ecotourism (CBME) plan to reduce fishing effort and delphinid bycatch. Questions including whether DW profitability is sufficient to replace fishing and whether fishers can conduct DW sustainably, however, are rarely examined.In the present study, questionnaire targeting tourists was implemented to investigate DW profitability in Sanniang Bay, China where DW‐based CBME has been operated by local fishers since 2004. CBME sustainability was evaluated by comparing DW profitability with household income with reference to local poverty, and rural and economically comfortable families in China.Out of 1046 tourists interviewed, 40 (3.82%) tourists knew there is DW in Sanniang Bay, while 292 (27.9%) tourists were lured to attend DW with low pricing. The fisher earned 110RMB (ca. 16.0$USD) per DW trip and required two, four, and nine trips per day to earn household income higher than poverty, rural and economically comfortable lines. Raising ticket fee and maximizing per‐trip number of tourists can substantially improve DW profitability, which facilitates CBME sustainability and poses minimal impacts on target animals.CBME in rural areas could be trapped into low popularity–low pricing–low profitability embarrassments because of primitive tour facilities, insufficient ecological education value, poor hospitality skills and lacking marketing access. The sustainable CBME should incorporate ecologically friendly conducts, direct indigenous profits with minimal transaction costs, venture and service diversification, and marketing with indigenous cultural characteristics.DW history in Sanniang Bay further indicates profit distribution of tourism ventures directly influence CBME sustainability. Accordingly, indigenous rights, economic equity and social justice should be centrally placed in CBME policying with the minimal intervention from non‐indigenous capitals and commercialized manipulations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With increasing visits to protected areas, tourism researchers suggest a new visitation paradigm (NVP) and the need for 'mass park-visitor symbiosis.' This study adopted the NVP approach to assess the mass symbiosis potential of the Chinese ecotourism market. Data from in-depth interviews were analysed using Leximancer, a computerised qualitative data analysis programme. The results suggest ecotourism in China has the potential to achieve the symbiosis goal, as indicated by visitors' good knowledge of ecotourism and their environmental motivation. However, ecotourism experiences are not found to be strongly related to any environmental aspect, suggesting the mass participation for site enhancement activities might have been missing. The findings have important implications for tourism policy makers as well as providers wishing to attract Chinese tourists to ecotourism activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tourism development is often used as a strategy to fight poverty, but in the tourism literature it remains controversial as a tool for poverty alleviation in a poor region. This study adopts a multidimensional framework to measure regional poverty. Specifically, we examine four dimensions, including economics, education, social security, and medical service, to reflect poverty alleviation for a region. Then we establish econometric models to explore the link between tourism and poverty alleviation. The result shows that tourism development has a positive influence on multidimensional poverty alleviation in 73 counties in Guizhou province, a typically poor region in China. The consideration of the multidimensional nature of poverty in this study is more convictive to conclude that tourism can reduce poverty. This study further demonstrates that political pressure, indicated by the time period near the end of the fight-against-poverty campaign and by whether a county has red-culture heritages, affects tourism-led poverty alleviation in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Under the robust impetus of China's rural revitalization strategy, agro-tourism integration and tourism-driven poverty reduction have profoundly impacted various aspects of China's economy, society, and ecology. This has propelled coordinated urban–rural development and the sustainable development of the tourism industry. This study introduces an analytical framework encompassing tourism-driven poverty reduction, agro-tourism integration, and rural revitalization. Through PVAR and threshold models, it empirically examines the interactive effects, dynamic relationships, and threshold effects between agro-tourism integration, tourism-driven poverty reduction, and rural revitalization. The conclusions are as follows: Firstly, the indices of rural revitalization and the level of agro-tourism integration show an increasing trend across Chinese provinces, with varying trends in tourism-driven poverty reduction efficiency. Secondly, there is a significant dynamic relationship among these factors, with the explanatory power of tourism-driven poverty reduction and agro-tourism integration gradually strengthening. Agro-tourism integration is identified as the most effective means of driving rural revitalization, while tourism-driven poverty reduction has a relatively weaker direct impact. Thirdly, tourism-driven poverty reduction exhibits a positive impulse response to agro-tourism integration. The improvement in tourism-driven poverty reduction efficiency propels further development in agro-tourism integration, thereby fostering rural revitalization. The efficiency of tourism-driven poverty reduction presents a single threshold effect in the process of agro-tourism integration promoting rural revitalization. Fourthly, the development of China's tourism industry has become an indispensable means of promoting rural revitalization and poverty reduction. However, rural revitalization is a comprehensive project influenced by various factors, requiring improvements and development across multiple aspects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, the rapid development of the Internet has promoted the continuous expansion of the scale of China's tourism industry, and the amount of tourism data has surged. However, tourists need help bringing personal interest and high-value data from the plethora of tourism information. The rise of artificial intelligence has transformed traditional tourism into an intelligent, data-driven industry. This shift has generated vast tourism data, offering both opportunities and challenges. The paper discusses an AI and IoT-based Intelligent Tourism Recommendation System (ITRS) that offers travelers predefined itineraries, personalized suggestions, and tourism insights. This system simplifies attraction discovery, unveiling hidden value within tourism data at the intersection of AI and IoT. The present study thoroughly investigates AI-based recommendation algorithms before delving into the system's architecture. It categorizes user-based, project-based, and article-based collaborative filtering methodologies tailored to specific goals. First, thoroughly examine AI-based recommendation algorithms before delving into the system architecture. Second, categorize collaborative filtering methods as user-based, project-based, and article-based, each tailored to specific objectives. Third, delve into the Apriori algorithm's complexity within the context of weighted association rules and introduce an enhanced iteration for improved efficiency. The proposed scheme encompasses an elaborate ITRS plan featuring a user interest model and a client module, crucial for the computation and analysis of users' long-term and short-term interests. Rigorous performance testing confirms the ITRS's superiority across varying support levels, with experimental results demonstrating the Apriori algorithm's exceptional accuracy, achieving a 94.3% improvement over other methods. The Apriori algorithm is better than traditional recommendation algorithms such as Linear Regression, Logistic Regression, Decision Trees, Random Forest, Support Vector Machines, K-nearest neighbor, Naive Bayes, and XGBoost. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research examines the geopolitical entanglements of China's tourism in the South China Sea (SCS) and the geopolitical implications of uneven mobility rights on tourists' geopolitical subjectivation. We show that maritime territorialisation in the SCS is mobile and constituted by tourism mobilities. However, although tourism mobility control constitutes and performs state territorialisation, it also generates unsatisfied internal bordering effects. We reveal that uneven mobility rights premised on territorial geopolitics are unevenly experienced by tourists. Within the contemporary deeply embedded structure of the territory-nation-state, mobility governance, hierarchy, inequity, and unevenness driven by national interests, security, and secrecy are widely accepted and taken for granted. The encounters and affective engagements of tourism mobility regulations in the SCS, intersecting with everyday experiences of mobility hierarchies as well as state geopolitical processes, contribute to shaping individuals' geopolitical identity. This promotes the internalisation of the contemporary mobility regime and facilitates the naturalisation of state geopolitical competitions. By exploring the geopolitical experiences of selective mobility control and its geopolitical effects on tourists, this research sheds light on the uneven political spatiality of everyday tourism mobilities and offers a more nuanced and intimate understanding of the geopolitics of tourism (im)mobilities at the micro-scale. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Digital transformation, as a key enabler of smart tourism, is increasingly being used to address pandemic-related challenges. Growing with the rapidly aging population, senior tourists are more likely to be digitally excluded. This study utilized media content analysis to examine the digital barriers senior tourists encounter in the post-pandemic era. Online news reports between January 2020 and December 2022 were collected from WiseSearch, a Chinese news database. Reports containing detailed scenario information about digital barriers for senior tourists were selected. High-frequency word analysis and thematic keyword analysis were used to analyze the digital barriers for senior tourists in four scenarios: before-travel, during-travel, pandemic control, and smart tourism application. Then, mitigating measures were proposed based on fourteen demonstration cases of senior-friendly smart tourism. The findings underscore the concerns raised in the media about this topic and reveal the details of digital barriers in each scenario. This study highlights the issues of senior tourists in smart tourism and guides developing solutions from both technological and service approaches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, Sino-African relations have thrived and the level of co-operation between China and several African countries, including Egypt, has reached new levels. This study focuses on how China–Egypt relations are reflected in the Chinese online newspaper Xinhua’s headlines, using qualitative and quantitative methods, combining critical discourse analysis and systemic functional linguistics to explore the ideological tendencies evident in these headlines. The study finds that while the influence of the newspaper’s ideology in highlighting China’s support and efforts in Egyptwas apparent, it also demonstrated Egypt’s role in regional and international engagement in Africa and the Middle East. In addition, the newspaper also paid attention to various events and topics, such as Egypt’s internal affairs, society, economy and tourism, and reported on these events extensively, reflecting the interest of the newspaper and Chinese media in Egyptian news. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Resources & Ecology is the property of Journal of Resources & Ecology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper aims to examine the relationship between tourism activities and housing prices (HP) in China's eight central provinces using wavelet transform context structures. This innovative technique allows the decomposition of a time series at different time frequencies. In this work, the researchers used continuous wavelets, wavelet coherence and wavelet phase-difference based on Granger causality analysis to investigate the relationship between tourism activities and HP. The study results indicate that the relationship is generally positive but changes over time exhibiting low to high-frequency cycles. The government needs to increase tourism demand and further provide and nurture the expansion of tourism supply. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Seasonal fluctuation amplitude and its distribution structure are two indispensable aspects to characterize seasonality, whereas the latter is that can be easily ignored in previous studies. By using a model of Lineal Programming and GeoDetector, this study explores the spatial-temporal characteristics of rural tourism in 33 Chinese cities, and the results indicate that for cities with the roughly similar fluctuation amplitude, the more dispersed the fluctuation distributes, the weaker the seasonal level. The intensity of rural tourism seasonality shows the characteristics of strong spatial heterogeneity and dependence, decreasing from west to east and from south to north. According to the differentiation degree between peak and off season, four main types are identified for the studied 33 cities, which further makes clear the development direction of rural tourism market. This study also suggests that both natural and social factors affect seasonal spatial differentiation, and their interaction greatly enhances its own influence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

From a political???economic perspective, this research examines the nexus between Chinese foreign aid and tourism demand in 138 recipient countries. Specifically, it investigates two mechanisms and their interplay: (1) an economic channel that entices an influx of international tourists through infrastructure development; and (2) a political channel that attracts Chinese tourists by diminishing political distance. A cross-country panel dataset on Chinese aid projects is analyzed. The results suggest that Chinese aid has a significant impact on Chinese tourists after a 1-year lag through the political channel, while the economic channel's effect on Chinese/other international tourists is not salient within 5 years. Significant long-run equilibrium relationships are found between aid and both tourist segments. The economic effect emerges in the long term, while the political effect fades out. This study provides a novel political???economic perspective for tourism research and presents new insights into China???s soft power in global tourism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper selects the live performances China has Brought Forth a Mao Zedong and Jinggang Mountain as cases to examine the red tourism performance tourist experience based on online review data. The study finds that the audience mainly formed their experience perceptions from six categories -- evaluated subjects, performance environment and services, performance design and stage elements, red culture perception, tourist experience comparison and tourist experience evaluation. Tourism performance is a deep integration of red culture and tourism, and the form of live performance is well received. Performance environment and service is a guarantee factor for tourists' experience, and its standardization and flexibility should be balanced. Performance design and stage elements are the core factors for tourists' experience, and art and technology should be organically combined. Red culture perception is a unique element of tourists' experience, and it is related to the effect of red genetic inheritance. Well-known performance projects are the reference object for tourists' experience, and it's necessary to be deeply rooted in the local culture. Currently, tourists' evaluation of red tourism performance is quite positive. It continuously integrates and innovates without stopping. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present research aims to shed light on the effects of monetary policy on China's tourism market development from 2004 to 2016. Monetary policy plays an increasingly important role in China's economy. With the Chinese economy in rapid development, the country's tourism market experienced significant growth. This study uses the Granger Causality test and factor-augmented vector auto-regression (FAVAR) model to identify the effects of monetary policy on China's tourism market through four transmission mechanism channels. Our results show that macroeconomic growth promotes China's tourism market development. Moreover, the money supply channel, exchange rate channel, and other assets channel have significant and adverse effects on China's tourism market development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tourism is the pillar industry of many cities, and it is also an important key point to promote urban development and maintain urban vitality. At present, the analysis of urban tourism activity in China can better assist the research of regional economic development and promote the orderly development of regional economy. Many scholars have carried out the analysis in this respect. As a new and growing field, artificial intelligence also plays an important role in urban tourism. With the continuous development of science and technology, and the human intelligence field of human research is also developing. New artificial intelligence products continue to emerge. The workload of most artificial intelligence may exceed the manual workload. In order to continuously update artificial intelligence, individuals effectively combine data mining and artificial intelligence, and combine many knowledge disseminated by the network with artificial intelligence technology to create an advanced knowledge network model. This paper uses the OPTICS-based clustering algorithm to analyze the clustering of photographs on the Flickr website and obtain information about tourism activities in Chinese cities. With the help of visualization software to visualize the experimental data and verify the experimental results introduced in this article, city tourism activities can be recommended to the destination. At present, many scholars have studied the application of improved density clustering algorithm in the field of biology and image analysis, but there are still some gaps in the development of tourism. This paper can make some contributions to the related fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Organizational resilience is key for tourism companies in coping with crises; however, little is known about how tourism companies can become more resilient. Furthermore, much of the empirical evidence in the extant literature comes from developed countries. The study identifies key factors affecting organizational resilience based on a "resource–capacity-relationship" theoretical framework, incorporating the number of COVID-19 cases as an external factor in the stress-state-response (PSR) model, with the epidemic as pressure, corporate governance, and redundant resources as the enterprise state, and CSR performance as the response. The fsQCA method was used to analyse the interaction and joint effects among multisource influencing factors such as pressure, state and response. Based on an empirical analysis of 35 listed tourism companies in China from 2010 to 2020, the research found the following: (1) Four groupings of high organizational resilience: redundant resource deficit under epidemic pressure with high pay incentive compensation, low financial risk, and CSR driven under low epidemic pressure, resource deployment and CSR driven under low financial risk and CSR driven under low financial risk. Of these, CSR at the response level as a core condition is key to developing high organizational resilience. (2) Corporate governance capabilities play a high role in fostering organizational resilience under epidemic pressure and can compensate for organizational deficiencies in resources and relationships. (3) Under specific objective endowment conditions, unabsorbed redundant resources and absorbed redundant resources can substitute to some extent for deficiencies in capabilities and relationships. (4) The low organizational resilience configurations suggest that potentially redundant resources may be the key to low organizational resilience. CSR is not the 'golden key' to organizational resilience but is influenced by redundant resources. Furthermore, the key variables affecting organizational resilience were significant during the studied period. The research provides a theoretical reference and practical guidance for the sustainable development of tourism enterprises in the context of major public health crises. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, the issue of memorable tourism experience (MTE) has garnered increasing attention from scholars and tourism practitioners. This paper provides a systematic review of 52 articles on MTE listed on the SCOPUS and WOS databases from 2012 to 2020. Qualitative analysis of the literature identified nine main categories of topics in MTE-related articles. Results showed that the largest proportion of articles focused on how MTEs influenced tourists' perceptions and behaviours and how they shaped destination marketing. Co-occurrence analysis was performed to investigate trends in the keywords used by academics over the past five years. The geographic location of studies, research methods and theories applied in these articles were also analysed. Most articles were published in the current decade and China was the geographic setting for the highest number of articles in the review. The review concludes with the theoretical and practical implications of the study as well as the directions for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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This research is aimed at determining whether eco-friendly technologies go beyond and above in providing business productivity in international tourism. For this, the study obtained data from different databases, and this data range consisted of 2010–2020. The study applied the co-integration analysis, random and static technique, regression analysis technique, split analysis technique, and mediating effect tests on Chinese data. This research shows that tourism business innovation contributed 12%, value proposition as 9%, internal marketing as 16%, customer relationship management as 19.3%, tourists motivation as 34.05%, tourists time as 18.94%, green technological adoption as 17.3%, tourists visit intention as 8.11%, and green technical transfer as 28.1% in study model. Thus, the findings confirmed that international tourism and business productivity have a dynamic empirical nexus with the mediating role of eco-friendly technology adoption. Furthermore, such findings are robust empirically and validate the empirical connections among the study variables. These results imply that Chinese tourism industry stakeholders may use eco-friendly technologies to good effect, significantly enhancing tourism business productivity, international tourists' satisfaction, and tourists' revisit intentions. Hence, the study also directs practical implications related to the study topicality and China's tourism industry for prudent growth acquisition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As the world's largest developing country, China first proposed the construction of a Beautiful China initiative in 2012, with the aim of exploring Chinese solutions for sustainable regional development. The construction of a beautiful China is based on the guiding ideology of the Five-sphere Integrated Plan in China, that is, the overall plan for building socialism with Chinese characteristics, including economic construction, political construction, cultural construction, social construction and ecological civilization construction. This paper aims to understand the coupling relationship, as well as the spatial and temporal changes, between China's sustainable development under the Beautiful China initiative and tourism. Using data from the China Statistical Yearbook database, we constructed an evaluation index system to measure both the construction of beautiful China and tourism development using a literature review, statistical analysis, the entropy method and GIS-based spatial analysis methods. Furthermore, using the 31 Chinese provinces as the research subject, we further analyzed the state of Beautiful China construction and tourism development, as well as their coupling relationships of the two systems. Our results show that firstly, the economic "hard power" plays the most prominent role in the process of building a beautiful China under the sustainable development regime, while the status of cultural "soft power" has also been well reflected. Secondly, the weight ranking of tourism evaluation indicators and the spatial distribution of tourism development levels both reflect the central and fundamental role of tourism market demand in tourism development. Third, the weight ranking of tourism evaluation indicators ranks the highest in the mean value of the coupling coordination degree of society, ecology and tourism in the Beautiful China subsystem, which reflects the harmony between society and ecology and the significant livelihood function of tourism as a happiness industry in the new era. Fourth, the spatial and temporal relationship between the coupled and coordinated development of the Beautiful China and tourism systems varies, indicating that there is a regional imbalance in China's sustainable development. This further indicates the need to adapt to local conditions, and to build on strengths and avoid weaknesses to achieve regional sustainable development. The study highlights China's contribution to global sustainable development. It also provides theoretical and practical guidance for the promotion of the coordinated development of both Beautiful China and tourism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article seeks to fill a research gap in current scholarship by exploring the role of typography in place-making practices in transitional China. Based on fieldwork conducted in an aspiring new town in an underdeveloped city, I observe that a diversity of typographies from both the tradition of calligraphic writing and novel digital design are applied in making the new town. Drawing on the emergent field of typographic landscape and notions of indexicality and enregisterment in sociolinguistics, I investigate the potential historical, social, cultural and political meanings of various typographies of emplaced signage across the town. Through a culturally sensitive analysis of signage found in historical parks, government-authored promotion boards and commercial streets, I further demonstrate how patterned and value-laden typographic choices are made across the three domains and shed light on the ideologies which shape these choices in situated place-making practices. Lastly, it will be argued that the new town can be read as a heterotopia comprised of different spaces that are incompatible due to their differing world views and place-making positions. The implications of this constructed heterotopia for its relocated residents framed by wider themes of socialist civil education, market-driven economy and tourism development will also be briefly discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In a globalized environment, a major shock or event can reverberate across tourism interdependent countries over time. This paper aims to empirically examine how economic policy uncertainty (EPU) emanating from a large country may influence inbound and outbound tourism in other countries. Using Global Vector Autoregressive (GVAR) model and two alternative measures of EPU, the study finds the modeled effects of EPU are dependent on the source of EPU measures, level of internationalization, and type of trade-weights used. Notably, the results show the "decline-rebound-overshoot" effect of EPU shock on tourism demand, and capture the link between capital flight and outbound travel from China in times of surge in EPU. This research highlights that GVAR is able to capture previously unobserved empirical insights because assessing the international impact of shocks such as economic crises, pandemics, and political instability necessitates accounting for cross-sectional interdependence in tourism flows between many countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyses the precarity of tourism in viral pandemic times through an analysis of animal-human relations in China's panda and valley tourism at Dajiuzhai. Drawing on a tour to Dajiuzhai to see giant pandas and the valleys of Jiuzhai, which was disrupted midway by increased viral infections, we trace ethnographically how disruptions in tourism emerge in the micro-setting of a single viral-hit tour and highlight the roles of natural agents, pandas, valleys and virus play, alongside humans in tourism's fluid assemblages. Desire/wish to encounter pandas motivated the formation of a fluid constellation of tourism objects, species and humans, which was aligned towards the goal of a stable tourism experience but persistently disturbed. Animal-human relation-based tourism assemblage at Dajiuzhai was found to be a fluid spatiality that coped with Covid-19 disruptions through responses at attractions involving health checks and declarations but remained precarious despite its transformational potentialities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Journal of China Tourism Research is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The travel and tourism industry are often regarded as a promising business opportunity due to its rapid growth worldwide. Employment expansion, a broader economic foundation, population increase, social progress, and a renaissance in traditional arts are just some of the possible benefits of rural tourism in China. With unemployment in Hunan Province at an unprecedented level, their rural tourism industry is one area should be significantly considered. The Chinese government plan for promoting tourism may benefit from a greater responsibility for this industry. In order for tourism to play a significant role in China economic growth, the government needs to have effective and efficient governance of the environment. It is also important to raise awareness of the mindfulness issue so that sustainable tourism may place a stronger focus on mindfulness-based tourism products. This study highlights rural tourism, different types of rural tourism, and the positive effects rural tourism may have on local economies and national economic growth in the context of China 14th Five-Year Plan for 2021-2025 where China focuses on the effort to "open up the countryside," investing in rural regions with distinctive geographical or cultural characteristics in order to attract more tourists. The data and analysis presented in this paper are the result of an extensive literature research methodology that involved the use of an extensive number of published articles on the issue of rural tourism. The investigation focused on the interpretivist epistemology. In this study, the researcher discusses the issue in Hunan Province and offers a summary and assessment of its significance. The paper provides guidelines for achieving sustainable tourist growth in an ethical manner. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While many researchers have documented the characteristics of China's growing tourism market, a comprehensive image scale of city brand for tourism has not yet been developed. This study investigates a semiotic image scale of city brands to encapsulate the contextual background of China and its ability to increase tourism efforts. This study attempts to extend the semiotic mapping of consumption values to city brand and develop it into an image scale of city brand in the perspective of tourism practitioners. In the process of developing an image scale for understanding the perception of the consumer's city brands, this study utilizes semiotic mapping of consumption values to analyse the consumer's image vocabulary. The image vocabularies are categorized into four quadrants (mission, project, euphoria, and information) as illustrated in the semiotic mapping of consumption values. In the Chinese context, the developed image scale extracts the value orientations of excellence, effectiveness, pleasantness, and convenience with these four quadrants to comprehend city brand in tourism perspective. By combining the measurement development with the reality of city tourism in China, the image scale will help to systematically understand the city brand image expressed through tourism in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Central China Normal University is the property of Huazhong Normal University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Achieving tourism carbon neutrality is essential for sustainable tourism development. This paper uses the coupled coordination distance model, modified gravity model and social network analysis to attempt to construct a nationwide tourism carbon neutral spatial network to clarify the role of each province in the process of achieving China's tourism carbon neutrality. The results show that: (1) only seven provinces will achieve tourism carbon neutrality in the target year of carbon neutrality in China (2060). (2) From 2001 to 2060, most provinces are at the stage of coordinated development of tourism carbon emissions and tourism carbon sinks, but the degree of coordinated development is low. (3) The structure of China's tourism carbon-neutral spatial network tends to be looser from 2001 to 2060. As the time series progresses, the role of each province in the spatial network will be gradually clarified. (4) In the process of achieving the goal of China's tourism carbon neutrality, the number of tourism carbon sink input areas is much larger than that of tourism carbon sink output areas. Accordingly, this paper proposes countermeasures from three aspects: government-led, market system and voluntary mechanisms, in order to promote the achievement of China's tourism carbon neutrality goal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of GWP: Gesellschaft Wirtschaft Politik is the property of Verlag Barbara Budrich GmbH and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The conservation and utilization of cultural heritage resources play a crucial role in the sustainable development of regional tourism in mountainous multi-ethnic areas. Nevertheless, these heritage resources tend to be numerous and geographically dispersed, poorly accessible, and difficult to preserve and utilize, which makes utilizing them holistically at a regional level challenging. Furthermore, each cultural heritage has a specific capacity for cultural dissemination, and establishing the links between heritage sites can enhance the overall cultural influence of a region and promote the development of regional tourism. Consequently, this study aims to promote the conservation and utilization of cultural heritage by constructing a cultural landscape tourism corridor network in the region. A potential cultural landscape tourism corridor network was first constructed based on the least-cost path analysis. Then, the layout and hierarchy of the potential network were optimized based on the existing traffic layout in the area. Finally, for mountainous multi-ethnic areas with poor access to transportation, the tourism corridor network may support the holistic conservation and use of the region's cultural heritage and the development of regional cultural tourism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ice and snow tourism has yielded considerable socioeconomic benefits, especially for the countries and regions that are rich in ice and snow resources. Boosted by the Beijing Winter Olympics, China's ice and snow tourism economy is likely to usher in a period of high-quality development. This study utilized Hailuogou Glacier Forest Park, a relatively well-developed glacier tourism area in China, as the study area. We used data on the regional GDP of Ganzi Prefecture and the comprehensive tourism revenue of Hailuogou scenic area from the period of 1990–2021 to quantitatively analyze the reciprocal feedback relationships between the regional economic growth of Ganzi Prefecture and the development of Hailuogou glacier tourism. The analyses were performed through the construction of a VAR model and through conducting robustness tests using the instrumental variable method. The results show that there is a long-term equilibrium cointegration relationship between regional economic growth in Ganzi Prefecture and tourism development in the Hailuogou scenic area, with each 1% increase in the former driving a corresponding growth of 2.01% in the latter. There is an asymmetric reciprocal feedback relationship between the economic growth of Ganzi Prefecture and the development of tourism in the Hailuogou scenic area. Economic growth in Ganzi Prefecture significantly contributes to the development of glacier tourism in Hailuogou over a longer period of time, with a contribution rate of 49%; meanwhile, the development of tourism in the Hailuogou scenic area has a limited effect on the quality and acceleration of economic development in Ganzi Prefecture, with a contribution rate of 16%. Based on the above results, relevant policy recommendations are proposed to provide a theoretical basis and decision-making reference for the high-quality development of the Hailuogou scenic area in the post-COVID-19 and post-Winter Olympics era. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Geography & Geographic Information Science is the property of Geography & Geo-Information Science Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

China outbound tourism used to be a main driving force of international tourism world-wide before the COVID-19 pandemic. Tourism development under COVID-19 in China The COVID-19 pandemic provided both challenges and opportunities to China's tourism industry. One of the critical issues brought by the COVID-19 pandemic to the tourism industry lies in the change of career attitudes and intention held by tourism students (Huang & Wang, [3]). We emphasize that COVID-19 will continue in the short or intermediate term to significantly influence China's tourism, being an indispensable external environment factor to reshape China's domestic, inbound, and outbound tourism. [Extracted from the article]

Copyright of Journal of China Tourism Research is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Destination image influences tourist motivation and destination choice which is experiencing challenges in the age of the Internet. User Generated Content on the internet provides alternatives to the projected official image of a destination. This paper presents the research design of an adapted Q-Methodology study to understand the online destination image of Sabah, Malaysian Borneo from the perspective of different generations of potential tourists from China. Q-Methodology is a systematic method to extract participants’ subjective perceptions and is referred to as a bridge between qualitative and quantitative research traditions. Current literature is replete with destination attributes rooted in Western perspectives, but the Asian perspective remains understudied. The QMethodology process is explained including the generation of a concourse from two image sources to denote both perceived images and projected images of Sabah to understand the attributes of its online destination image. The concourse consisted of 266 photographs generated from the most popular travelogue website in China www.mafengwo.cn where images are posted and shared by tourists themselves, and also from ‘Signature Attractions’ listed on the Sabah Tourism Board website. Next, the Q-set is derived from the concourse, a P-set is recruited to conduct the Q-sort, a ranking order of the Q-set of 33 images. A purposive sample of 24 participants or P-set will be selected (potential outbound tourists in China) consisting of six persons from four different generations: post-1950s/post-1960s, post-1970s, post-1980s, and post-1990s. Each P-set will conduct a Q-sort of the Q-set (images) to produce the key attributes for Sabah’s online destination image rooted in the perceptions of four different generational groups. As a final step to enhance the credibility of findings, the P-set will participate in a focus group discussion. This paper only delineates the research design for data collection in this study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Border tourism plays an important and positive role in international economic and cultural cooperation, and the tourism cooperation relationship between China and North Korea has lasted for more than 30 years. China has become the country with the largest number of tourists to North Korea. However, because the relevant data of tourism to North Korea are not public, it also brings difficulties to the further study. This paper based on the Baidu Index of 31 provinces and regions in China and discusses the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics and influencing factors of travel demands to North Korea. The findings from the research are as follows. First, the travel demands from 2011 to 2018 showed an overall trend of initial increase followed by later decrease. The seasonal difference is significant. The peak season is longer than the off-season. Secondly, on the whole, the travel demands to North Korea showed a spatial agglomeration effect, and the provinces with high demands or low demands gather significantly in space. Taking "Hu line" as the boundary, the east is higher than the west. The hot spot areas and cold spot areas gradually transition from east to west. Thirdly, holidays, population, GDP, per capita disposable income, Internet penetration and education are the main influencing factors of tourism demand to North Korea. By using Baidu Index, this paper overcomes the bottleneck of inaccessible tourism data to North Korea. At the same time, from the perspective of tourist source countries, this paper discusses the spatial-temporal differentiation and influencing factors of travel demands in terms of geographical space, and compares it with existing studies, expanding the research framework of China's outbound tourism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of China Brewing is the property of China Brewing Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Landscape Architecture Frontiers is the property of Higher Education Press Limited Company and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Landscape Architecture Frontiers is the property of Higher Education Press Limited Company and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The present study looks at the patterns of behavior by disputant and non-disputant parties in the South China Sea dispute over the 2010–2022 period in a bid to identify trends and policy implications. The method involves building an original dataset of events spanning five categories in the South China Sea—namely administrative, economic, diplomatic, military, and non-military/maritime. The data, which tracks a total of 1099 events between January 2010 and December 2022, shows that the growing combativeness seen in the area is due to two factors: (i) disputants and non-disputants continue to take unilateral actions, including strengthening their naval and maritime enforcement agencies at an uneven rate; and (ii) existing maritime partnership initiatives and joint exercises have largely taken place in the form of competing factions and fallen short of agreeable outcomes. More importantly, the research illustrates the multifaceted nature of analyzing actions in unsettled territorial and maritime disputes because political actors would deploy not just military actions but also a host of non-military tools, such as legal submissions, tourism development, administrative rezoning and renaming, infrastructure upgrade, fishing moratorium, and deployment of civilian forces to stake claims over disputed territories. Considering the continuous military expansion and diverse territorialization activities, the prospect of a regional maritime order is not only uncertain but also unlikely to improve soon. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]