5 results on '"Shin H"'
Search Results
2. Terrorism-Related Attacks in East Asia from 1970 through 2020.
- Author
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Shin H, Hertelendy AJ, Hart A, Tin D, Issa F, Hata R, and Ciottone GR
- Subjects
- Humans, Asia, Eastern epidemiology, China, Republic of Korea, Terrorism, Emergency Medical Services, Disaster Planning
- Abstract
Aim: This study aims to analyze and describe terrorism-related attacks in East Asia from 1970 through 2020., Background: East Asia consists of South Korea, North Korea, Singapore, Hong Kong, China, Japan, Taiwan, and Macao. According to the Global Terrorism Index (GTI) 2022, the impact of terrorism in East Asia is very low. However, the assassination of former Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe on July 8, 2022 demonstrates that East Asia is not safe from terrorist attacks. This descriptive analysis of terrorist attacks in East Asia will help first responders, Emergency Medical Services (EMS), hospital-based medical providers, and policymakers establish a more refined hazard vulnerability assessment (HVA) framework and develop a Counter-Terrorism Medicine (CTM) mitigation, preparedness, response, and recovery plan., Methods: This is a descriptive observational study drawing data from the Global Terrorism Database (GTD) from January 1, 1970 through December 31, 2020. Epidemiology outcomes included primary weapon type, primary target type, the country where the incident occurred, and the number of total deaths and injured collected. Data from 2021 were not yet available at the time of this study. Results were exported into an Excel spreadsheet (Microsoft Corp.; Redmond, Washington USA) for analysis., Results: There were 779 terrorism-related events in East Asia from 1970 through 2020. In total, the attacks resulted in 1,123 deaths and 9,061 persons injured. The greatest number of attacks (371; 47.63%) occurred in Japan and the second most occurred in China (268; 34.4%). Explosives were the most used primary weapon type (308; 39.54%) in the region, followed by incendiary devices (260; 33.38%). Terrorist attacks drastically diminished from their peak of 92 in 1990, but there were additional peaks of 88 in 1996, 18 in 2000, 20 in 2008, and 36 attacks in 2014., Conclusions: A total of 779 terrorist attacks occurred from 1970 through 2020 in East Asia, resulting in 1,123 deaths and 9,061 injuries. Of those, 82.03% attacks occurred in Japan and China. Terrorist attacks drastically diminished since their peak in 1996, but there is an overall uptrend in attacks since 1999.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Do girls and boys perceive themselves as equally engaged in school? The results of an international study from 12 countries.
- Author
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Lam SF, Jimerson S, Kikas E, Cefai C, Veiga FH, Nelson B, Hatzichristou C, Polychroni F, Basnett J, Duck R, Farrell P, Liu Y, Negovan V, Shin H, Stanculescu E, Wong BP, Yang H, and Zollneritsch J
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Canada, Child, China, Cross-Cultural Comparison, Educational Status, Europe, Female, Humans, Male, Models, Psychological, Peer Group, Sex Factors, Surveys and Questionnaires, United States, Achievement, Perception, Schools, Social Environment, Students psychology
- Abstract
This study examined gender differences in student engagement and academic performance in school. Participants included 3420 students (7th, 8th, and 9th graders) from Austria, Canada, China, Cyprus, Estonia, Greece, Malta, Portugal, Romania, South Korea, the United Kingdom, and the United States. The results indicated that, compared to boys, girls reported higher levels of engagement in school and were rated higher by their teachers in academic performance. Student engagement accounted for gender differences in academic performance, but gender did not moderate the associations among student engagement, academic performance, or contextual supports. Analysis of multiple-group structural equation modeling revealed that perceptions of teacher support and parent support, but not peer support, were related indirectly to academic performance through student engagement. This partial mediation model was invariant across gender. The findings from this study enhance the understanding about the contextual and personal factors associated with girls' and boys' academic performance around the world., (Copyright © 2011 Society for the Study of School Psychology. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Distribution of eschars on the body of scrub typhus patients: a prospective study.
- Author
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Kim DM, Won KJ, Park CY, Yu KD, Kim HS, Yang TY, Lee JH, Kim HK, Song HJ, Lee SH, and Shin H
- Subjects
- Adult, Animals, Antibodies, Bacterial blood, China, Female, Humans, Male, Orientia tsutsugamushi immunology, Prospective Studies, Scrub Typhus diagnosis, Sex Factors, Arachnid Vectors, Bites and Stings pathology, Mites, Scrub Typhus pathology
- Abstract
Eschar is an important finding for the diagnosis of scrub typhus. The IFA test for possible scrub typhus was performed. The presence or absence of eschar was thoroughly examined. Among the 176 scrub typhus cases confirmed by IFA, 162 (92.0%) cases had eschar; 128 patients (79.5%) had eschars on the front of the body. Eschars were primarily detected in males within 30 cm below the umbilicus (19 patients, 35.8%). Distributions on the lower extremities and the front chest above the umbilicus were 22.6% (12 patients) and 20.8% (11 patients), respectively. A different pattern was seen in females. The most prevalent area was the front chest above the umbilicus, which accounted for 40.7% (44 patients) of all the detected eschars. Our study is the first report of a schematic diagram that shows the differences between the males and females with respect to eschar location in scrub typhus patients.
- Published
- 2007
5. Effect of ranitidine on theophylline metabolism in healthy Koreans living in China.
- Author
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Kehoe WA, Sands CD, Long LF, Lan HH, Harralson AF, Shin HT, and Jones DW
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Biotransformation, Bronchodilator Agents administration & dosage, Bronchodilator Agents adverse effects, China, Cross-Over Studies, Delayed-Action Preparations, Double-Blind Method, Drug Interactions, Histamine H2 Antagonists adverse effects, Humans, Korea ethnology, Middle Aged, Ranitidine adverse effects, Theophylline administration & dosage, Theophylline adverse effects, Bronchodilator Agents pharmacokinetics, Histamine H2 Antagonists pharmacology, Ranitidine pharmacology, Theophylline pharmacokinetics
- Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the effect of concurrent ranitidine therapy on theophylline metabolism in healthy Koreans., Design: A 4-week, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover study., Setting: The Clinical Research Unit, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Yanbian Medical College, Yanji, China., Subjects: Six young, healthy, nonsmoking Korean volunteers residing in China with no known factors that would alter theophylline metabolism., Interventions: Subjects received extended-release oral theophylline at a constant dosage over 4 weeks to yield a serum concentration (Cp) between 5 and 10 micrograms/mL. Week 1 was the dosage titration phase. During week 2 subjects randomly received either ranitidine or a matching placebo. Week 3 was a washout phase, and during week 4 subjects were crossed over to receive either placebo or ranitidine. At the end of each treatment week, serum and urinary metabolite concentrations were measured., Outcome Measures: Theophylline serum concentrations and urinary concentrations of 1-methylxanthine, 1-methyluric acid, 3-methylxanthine, and 1,3-dimethyluric acid were measured. Estimates of clearance (Cl), volume of distribution (Vd), and half-life (t1/2) were determined., Results: Concurrent administration of ranitidine with theophylline did not significantly alter theophylline Cp, Cl, Vd, or t1/2. Urinary concentrations of major theophylline metabolites also were not changed., Conclusions: Ranitidine does not significantly alter the metabolism of theophylline in healthy Koreans residing in China.
- Published
- 1996
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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