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The deposition of the Lower Cambrian argillaceous rocks on the Kongquehe slope provides a good opportunity to reconstruct the paleoenvironmental conditions of the Tarim Basin. To explore the paleoredox conditions, paleoclimate, and provenance of this deposit, 21 samples were collected from Well A, and the concentrations of major and trace elements were analyzed. The V/(V + Ni), V/Cr, Ni/Co, U/Th, Uau, and V/Sc ratios indicated that the sediments in the water body from the Lower Cambrian were in a reducing environment, and the degree of reduction weakened from the bottom to the top. The Sr/Cu, Mg/Ca, and Fe/Mn ratios in the sediments revealed that the Lower Cambrian was mainly characterized by a warm and humid paleoclimate, and there may be a paleoclimatic transition toward drought conditions as recorded by the sediments of Xidashan Formation. The chemical alteration index, compositional variation index, plagioclase alteration index values, and Th/U and K/Rb ratios of the Lower Cambrian mudstone all reflected that the parent rock in the study area was mainly subject to low- to medium-degree chemical weathering. Longitudinally, the Lower Cambrian gradually increased and then weakened from Xishanbulake Formation to Xidashan Formation. The ratios of trace elements and rare earth elements as well as Th–Sc–Zr/10, Th–Co–Zr/10, and ∑REE–La/Yb diagrams all showed that the mudstones of Xishanbulake and Xidashan Formations of the Lower Cambrian in the study area have a common parent rock type, mainly sedimentary rocks rich in felsic minerals. Additionally, the structural setting discrimination diagrams of SiO2–K2O/Na2O, Th–Sc–Zr/10, Th–Co–Zr/10, and La–Th–Sc showed that the structural setting of the Lower Cambrian mudstone deposition is mainly a continental island arc environment and has the characteristics of an active continental margin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Carbon quota management system is a long-term effective mechanism to promote the sustainable development of automotive industry. However, issues such as the total amount and allocation mechanism of carbon quotas hinder countries' implementation of carbon quota policies in the automotive industry. To address these issues, this study uses the GREET model and system dynamics model to predict carbon emissions in the automotive industry and sets the total carbon quota for China's automotive industry. Furthermore, based on the ZSG-DEA model and Gini coefficient model, this study applies repeated game theory to propose a carbon quota allocation modeling framework for the automotive industry. The results show that the proposed allocation modeling framework achieves a balance between equity and efficiency while taking into account the interests of both the government and enterprises, and achieves an equitable allocation of carbon quotas among 10 representative automotive enterprises. This study can provide reference for the design of carbon quota management system in the automobile industry. • Prediction of life-cycle carbon emissions and sales of representative vehicles. • Setting carbon quota targets for China's automotive industry. • Proposing a carbon quota allocation strategy balancing equity and efficiency. • Obtaining equilibrium allocation results for 10 typical automobile enterprises. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Giardia duodenum (G. duodenalis) can cause giardiasis and infect a variety of hosts. So far, there have been no detailed data regarding the positive rate of G. duodenalis in sheep and goats in China. Here, a systematic literature review was carried out to investigate the epidemiology of G. duodenalis in sheep and goats in China. To perform the meta-analysis, the databases CNKI, VIP, WanFang, PubMed, Web of science and ScienceDirect were employed for screening studies related to the prevalence of G. duodenalis in sheep and goats in China. The total prevalence of G. duodenalis in sheep and goats was estimated to be 7.00% (95% CI: 4.00–10.00). In the age subgroup, the prevalence of G. duodenalis in sheep and goats of >12 months (11.29%; 95% CI: 8.08–14.97) was higher than that in sheep and goats of ≤12 months (7.57%; 95% CI: 3.95–12.24). An analysis based on seasons showed that the prevalence of G. duodenalis in sheep and goats was higher in summer (11.90%; 95% CI: 0.50–35.05) than that in other seasons. The prevalence of G. duodenalis in sheep and goats after 2016 was 8.57% (95% CI: 5.34–11.79), which was higher than others. The highest prevalence of G. duodenalis in sheep and goats was 13.06% (95% CI: 6.26–19.86) recorded in Southwestern China. The prevalence of Giardia infection in sheep (7.28%; 95% CI: 2.30–14.73) was higher than that in goats (5.43%; 95% CI: 2.73–8.98). The NOAA's National Center for Environmental Information (https://gis.ncdc.noaa.gov/maps/ncei/cdo/monthly) was used to extract relevant geoclimatic data (latitude, longitude, elevation, temperature, precipitation, humidity, and climate). By analyzing the data of each subgroup, it was shown that region, genetype, and climate were potential risk factors for giardiasis prevalence in sheep and goats. Based on the analysis of common factors and geographical factors, it is recommended to strengthen effective management measures (e.g. ventilation and disinfection in warm and humid areas) and formulate relevant policies according to local conditions. Breeders should strengthen the detection of G. duodenalis in sheep and goats, customize corresponding control measures according to the diet and living habits of sheep and goats, and strengthen the protection of sheep and lamb calves, so as to reduce the incidence rate and reduce the economic loss of China's animal husbandry. • Giardia duodenalis is common prevalent among sheep and goats in China. • The pooled Giardia duodenalis prevalence in sheep and goats was estimated as 7.00% (1132/16,347). • The prevalence of Giardia duodenalis in sheep and goats was unevenly in different regions. • This is the meta-analysis of the Giardia duodenalis prevalence in sheep and goats in China for the first time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]