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This work, inspired in contributions from the Dependency Theory and the Structuralism, is a critical research on the links between South America and China, putting emphasis on the complexity of their productive regimes as well as their strategic natural resources. In the current decade we are witnessing an economic slowing down and a crisis in many countries of this continent. All this is leading to a burnout stage in the progressive government cycles in the region with an income distribution growth and social inclusion. The Chinese emergence -that some years ago meant a wide range of opportunities due to their growing needs of commodities- now is interpreted less ideally and the relations to this Asian power are seen rather worrying. With such concerns, we provide hereby an analysis of empirical data referencing the Chinese actions within our region during the first two decades of 21st century. It is intended to provide an outline telling whether the Chinese and South-American cooperation has led this continent to take advantages of their own potentialities, or, it has been a simple rhetoric move to hide a dependence re-elaborated pattern. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Este artículo describe y analiza la búsqueda de China de recursos naturales en América Latina, en particular petróleo, hierro, cobre y soja, que representan más del 70% de las importaciones del país desde la región, una búsqueda motivada por el crecimiento acelerado y la escasez relativa de recursos naturales en China y su planificación a largo plazo que atribuye a la región el papel de importante proveedora. En el caso del petróleo, el acceso tiene lugar principalmente mediante financiamientos con contrapartidas de petróleo e inversiones directas, mientras que en el del hierro y el cobre se obtiene mediante inversiones directas e importaciones. La manera elegida por China para garantizar la seguridad en el abastecimiento parece ser el control físico del recurso. En el caso de la soja, el camino elegido ha sido la importación cada vez más intermediada por empresas mercantiles presentes en la región y recientemente adquiridas por China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]