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This paper focuses on the state-of-the-art analysis in the teaching of Portuguese language literatures in China and also on the discussion of a new methodological proposal for the literature class for Chinese learners of Portuguese as a foreign language (PLE). For this, the theoretical support will be on aesthetics of reception and aesthetics of effect, created by Hans Robert Jauss and Wolfgang Iser. The specific objective will be to justify the importance of such theory as guidance for teachers to choose works, authors and teaching methods that may facilitate students' understanding, and stimulate more interactions between literary works and learners in order to contribute to the improvement of current practices in the literature class. Finally, this reflection is also necessary to make literature learning an experience that values aesthetics as a point of convergence related to cultural understanding, intercultural competence and linguistic competence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]