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Green practices are now treated as an essential component of organizational element and firms are now exploring ways to incorporate new growth strategies that ensure environmentally friendly methods. The present study focuses on manufacturing industry in China and identify that green HRM practices influence eco-innovation and organization's knowledge-sharing culture. The study also aims to identify whether eco-innovation and knowledge-sharing culture help to build successful green venture and provide indirect path to green HRM and green ventures. An adopted survey was used to collect data from manufacturing employees and SPSS-AMOS is employed to assess the model reliability and proposed hypotheses. Study outcomes reveal that green HRM practices increase knowledge-sharing behavior and promote green innovation. Findings also expose that eco-innovation and knowledge-sharing behavior are potential mediator, hence provide an indirect path between green HRM practices and green ventures. Results confirm that essentiality of green HRM in order to promote knowledge-sharing behavior among employees through which environmental commitment can be fulfilled by organizations, further leading to successful green venture., (© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.)

α-Thalassemia is a common inherited blood disorder manifested mainly by the deletions of α-globin genes. In geographical areas with high carrier frequencies, screening of α-thalassemia carrier state is therefore of vital importance. This study presents a novel method for identifying female carriers of common α-thalassemia deletions using samples routinely taken for non-invasive prenatal tests for screening of fetal chromosomal aneuploidies. A total of 68,885 Vietnamese pregnant women were recruited and α-thalassemia statuses were determined by gap-PCR, revealing 5344 women (7.76%) carried deletions including αα/-- SEA (4.066%), αα/-α 3.7 (2.934%), αα/-α 4.2 (0.656%), and rare genotypes (0.102%). A two-stage model was built to predict these α-thalassemia deletions from targeted sequencing of the HBA gene cluster on maternal cfDNA. Our method achieved F1-scores of 97.14-99.55% for detecting the three common genotypes and 94.74% for detecting rare genotypes (-α 3.7 /-α 4.2 , αα/-- THAI , -α 3.7 /-- SEA , -α 4.2 /-- SEA ). Additionally, the positive predictive values were 100.00% for αα/αα, 99.29% for αα/-- SEA , 94.87% for αα/-α 3.7 , and 96.51% for αα/-α 4.2 ; and the negative predictive values were 97.63%, 99.99%, 99.99%, and 100.00%, respectively. As NIPT is increasingly adopted for pregnant women, utilizing cfDNA from NIPT to detect maternal carriers of common α-thalassemia deletions will be cost-effective and expand the benefits of NIPT., (© 2022. The Author(s).)

Introduction: HIV in Vietnam and Southern China is driven by injection drug use. We have implemented HIV prevention interventions for IDUs since 2002-2003 in Lang Son and Ha Giang Provinces, Vietnam and Ning Ming County (Guangxi), China., Methods: Interventions provide peer education and needle/syringe distribution. Evaluation employed serial cross-sectional surveys of IDUs 26 waves from 2002 to 2011, including interviews and HIV testing. Outcomes were HIV risk behaviors, HIV prevalence and incidence. HIV incidence estimation used two methods: 1) among new injectors from prevalence data; and 2) a capture enzyme immunoassay (BED testing) on all HIV+ samples., Results: We found significant declines in drug-related risk behaviors and sharp reductions in HIV prevalence among IDUs (Lang Son from 46% to 23% [p<0.001], Ning Ming: from 17% to 11% [p = 0.003], and Ha Giang: from 51% to 18% [p<0.001]), reductions not experienced in other provinces without such interventions. There were significant declines in HIV incidence to low levels among new injectors through 36-48 months, then some rebound, particularly in Ning Ming, but BED-based estimates revealed significant reductions in incidence through 96 months., Discussion: This is one of the longest studies of HIV prevention among IDUs in Asia. The rebound in incidence among new injectors may reflect sexual transmission. BED-based estimates may overstate incidence (because of false-recent results in patients with long-term infection or on ARV treatment) but adjustment for false-recent results and survey responses on duration of infection generally confirm BED-based incidence trends. Combined trends from the two estimation methods show sharp declines in incidence to low levels. The significant downward trends in all primary outcome measures indicate that the Cross-Border interventions played an important role in bringing HIV epidemics among IDUs under control. The Cross-Border project offers a model of HIV prevention for IDUs that should be considered for large-scale replication.