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This paper adds an organizational dimension to the body of literature on international student mobility. Existing studies examine push/pull factors and student motivations, neglecting that students' motivations and demands are not necessarily spontaneous, but can be shaped by external forces. Drawing on interview, archival and observation data collected on four leading cram schools that prepare students for the TOEFL/GRE, IELTS and SAT in China, I argue that cram schools not only coach students on test preparation and "how to study abroad," but they also adopt organizational framing to instill in students "why to study abroad." Leading cram schools have played an integral role in promoting a certain organizational framing as the dominant approach of a niche market in a given era. During the 1990s, when the TOEFL/GRE niche market was rapidly expanding, the market leader in this niche promoted self-help and nationalism as dominant discourses. Self-help discourse frames overseas study and test preparation not as means, but as the ends of students' lives: going beyond one's limit and making one's life complete. Nationalist discourse depicts overseas study as a detour to build a stronger China after learning from the West. After 2000, however, new organizational framing picked up momentum in the new niche markets of IELTS and SAT. Targeting urban middle-class consumers, market leaders in these new niches increasingly framed studying abroad as a springboard for immigration, a channel for becoming global elites and an opportunity for status improvement for the entire family. My article bridges literature on transnational higher education with studies on supplementary education.

The article examines the failure of a rights-protection activism mounted by private oil well investors in the Chinese province of Shaanxi in 2005 against the seizure of their oil wells by the local government. Information is presented on the provincial state-owned oil company Shaanxi Yanchang Petroleum (SYP), which is considered as China's number four biggest oil company. Also discussed are China's petroleum restructuring in 1998 and oil fields ownership and revenue distribution.

Objective: To retrospectively analyze the treatment status of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) in newly diagnosed patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) in China. Methods: Data of chronic phase (CP) and accelerated phase (AP) CML patients diagnosed from January 2006 to December 2022 from 77 centers, ≥18 years old, and receiving initial imatinib, nilotinib, dasatinib or flumatinib-therapy within 6 months after diagnosis in China with complete data were retrospectively interrogated. The choice of initial TKI, current TKI medications, treatment switch and reasons, treatment responses and outcomes as well as the variables associated with them were analyzed. Results: 6 893 patients in CP ( n =6 453, 93.6%) or AP ( n =440, 6.4%) receiving initial imatinib ( n =4 906, 71.2%), nilotinib ( n =1 157, 16.8%), dasatinib ( n =298, 4.3%) or flumatinib ( n =532, 7.2%) -therapy. With the median follow-up of 43 ( IQR 22-75) months, 1 581 (22.9%) patients switched TKI due to resistance ( n =1 055, 15.3%), intolerance ( n =248, 3.6%), pursuit of better efficacy ( n =168, 2.4%), economic or other reasons ( n =110, 1.6%). The frequency of switching TKI in AP patients was significantly-higher than that in CP patients (44.1% vs 21.5%, P <0.001), and more AP patients switched TKI due to resistance than CP patients (75.3% vs 66.1%, P =0.011). Multi-variable analyses showed that male, lower HGB concentration and ELTS intermediate/high-risk cohort were associated with lower cytogenetic and molecular responses rate and poor outcomes in CP patients; higher WBC count and initial the second-generation TKI treatment, the higher response rates; Ph(+) ACA at diagnosis, poor PFS. However, Sokal intermediate/high-risk cohort was only significantly-associated with lower CCyR and MMR rates and the poor PFS. Lower HGB concentration and larger spleen size were significantly-associated with the lower cytogenetic and molecular response rates in AP patients; initial the second-generation TKI treatment, the higher treatment response rates; lower PLT count, higher blasts and Ph(+) ACA, poorer TFS; Ph(+) ACA, poorer OS. Conclusion: At present, the vast majority of newly-diagnosed CML-CP or AP patients could benefit from TKI treatment in the long term with the good treatment responses and survival outcomes.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the awareness rate of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) among the general public in China and provide data about prostate cancer (PCa) for related scientific research., Methods: A cross-sectional survey of PSA awareness was conducted in multiple regional populations using an online questionnaire. The questionnaire included basic information, knowledge about PCa, the awareness rate and application of PSA, and future expectations toward applying PSA screening in clinical practice. The study applied the methods of Pearson chi-square analysis and Logistic regression analysis., Results: A total of 493 valid questionnaires were included. Two hundred and nineteen respondents (44.4%) were males, and 274 (55.6%) were females. Of all respondents, 212 (43.0%) were under 20 years old, 147 (29.8%) were 20-30 years old, 74 (15.0%) were 30-40 years old, and 60 (12.2%) were over 40 years old. There are 310 people (62.9%) with medical educational background and 183 (37.1%) without. One hundred eighty-seven (37.9%) of the respondents were aware of PSA, and 306 (62.1%) were unaware of PSA. Statistically significant differences were obtained between the two groups regarding different ages, educational backgrounds, occupations, departments, and habits of knowing medical knowledge (all p < 0.05). In addition, the differences between the group of aware of PSA (AP) and the group unaware of PSA (UAP) in terms of whether they had been exposed to PSA screening and whether they had exposure to PCa patients or related knowledge were also observed (all p < 0.05). Age ≥30 years, medical educational background, understanding of medical knowledge, exposure to PCa patients or related knowledge, exposure to PSA screening, and status as a graduate student and above were independent factors for the occurrence of PSA awareness events (all p < 0.05). In addition, age ≥ 30 years, medical educational background, and awareness of PSA were independent factors for future expectations toward PSA (all p < 0.05)., Conclusions: We first analyzed the public awareness of PSA. Cognition degrees of PSA and PCa awareness vary among different populations in China. Therefore, we should designate corresponding widespread scientific educational programs for different populations to increase the awareness rate of PSA., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2023 Wang, Xiao, Zhang, Hong, Zhang, Xu, Lin and Wei.)

Objective: To evaluate the effect of imatinib on growth impairment in children with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML-CP) in the chronic phase. Methods: From July 2018 to July 2019, questionnaires were distributed to CML children aged <18 years at the time of diagnosis who were receiving imatinib for at least 3 months or to their parents in China. The height-for-age standard deviation score (HtSDS) and the difference of standard deviation integral (△HtSDS) were used to explore the change in height with imatinib therapy. Results: The data of 238 respondents were included; 138 (58.0% ) respondents were men. The median age at the first diagnosis of CML was 11.0 years (range, 1.4-17.9 years) , and 93 (39.0% ) respondents were at the prepuberty stage. At the time of completing the questionnaires, the median age was 15.0 years (range, 2.0-34.0 years) . The median duration of imatinib therapy was 28 months (range, 3-213 months) . Among all the respondents, the mean HtSDS when completing the questionnaires (-0.063±1.361) was significantly lower than that at the time of starting imatinib treatment (0.391±1.244) ( P <0.001) . Total 71.0% respondents showed growth impairment that was more common in those starting imatinib therapy at prepubertal age than in those starting at pubertal age. Multivariate analysis showed that younger at the start of imatinib therapy ( P <0.001) and longer duration of imatinib therapy ( P <0.001) were significantly associated with severe growth impairment on imatinib therapy. Conclusions: Imatinib induced growth impairment in children with CML-CP. Younger the age of initiation and longer the duration of imatinib therapy, more obvious the effect of imatinib on growth impairment.

Background & Aims: Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are expressed in tissue-specific pattern, but it is not clear how these are regulated. We aimed to identify squamous cell carcinoma (SCC)-specific lncRNAs and investigate mechanisms that control their expression and function., Methods: We studied expression patterns and functions of 4 SCC-specific lncRNAs. We obtained 113 esophageal SCC (ESCC) and matched non-tumor esophageal tissues from a hospital in Shantou City, China, and performed quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assays to measure expression levels of LINC01503. We collected clinical data from patients and compared expression levels with survival times. LINC01503 was knocked down using small interfering RNAs and oligonucleotides in TE7, TE5, and KYSE510 cell lines and overexpressed in KYSE30 cells. Cells were analyzed by chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing, luciferase reporter assays, colony formation, migration and invasion, and mass spectrometry analyses. Cells were injected into nude mice and growth of xenograft tumors was measured. LINC01503 interaction with proteins was studied using fluorescence in situ hybridization, RNA pulldown, and RNA immunoprecipitation analyses., Results: We identified a lncRNA, LINC01503, which is regulated by a super enhancer and is expressed at significantly higher levels in esophageal and head and neck SCCs than in non-tumor tissues. High levels in SCCs correlated with shorter survival times of patients. The transcription factor TP63 bound to the super enhancer at the LINC01503 locus and activated its transcription. Expression of LINC01503 in ESCC cell lines increased their proliferation, colony formation, migration, and invasion. Knockdown of LINC01503 in SCC cells reduced their proliferation, colony formation, migration, and invasion, and the growth of xenograft tumors in nude mice. Expression of LINC01503 in ESCC cell lines reduced ERK2 dephosphorylation by DUSP6, leading to activation of ERK signaling via MAPK. LINC01503 disrupted the interaction between EBP1 and the p85 subunit of PI3K, increasing AKT signaling., Conclusions: We identified an lncRNA, LINC01503, which is increased in SCC cells compared with non-tumor cells. Increased expression of LINC01503 promotes ESCC cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and growth of xenograft tumors. It might be developed as a biomarker of aggressive SCCs in patients., (Copyright © 2018 AGA Institute. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

To detect the best antibiotic protocol for prostate biopsy and to assess the potential risk factors postbiopsy in Chinese patients.A total of 1526 patients underwent biopsy were assessed retrospectively. The effect of 3 antibiotic protocols was compared, including fluoroquinolone (FQ) monotherapy, third-generation cephalosporin combined with FQ and targeted antibiotics according to the prebiopsy rectal swab culture result. Postbiopsy infection (PBI) was defined as fever and/or active urinary tract symptoms such as dysuria or frequency with pyuria and/or leucocytosis, sepsis is defined as the presence of clinically or microbiologically documented infection in conjunction with systemic inflammatory response syndrome. The relationship between infections and clinical characteristics of patients was assessed. Data were first picked out in univariate analysis and then enter multivariate logistic regression.Thirty-three (2.2%) patients developed febrile infection. The combination antibiotic prophylaxis could significantly decrease the rate of PBI than FQ monotherapy (1.0% vs 4.0%, P = .000). The infection rate of the targeted antibiotic group was 1.1%, but there was no significant statistic difference compared with FQ alone (P = .349). Escherichia coli was the most predominant pathogen causing infection. Rectal swab revealed as high as 47.1% and 36.0% patients harbored FQ resistant and ESBL-producing organisms, respectively. In univariate analysis, overweight (BMI between 25 and 28 kg/m), obesity (BMI > 28 kg/m), diabetes were picked out as potential risk factors. Obesity remained as risk factor (OR = 12.827, 95% CI: 0.983-8.925, P = .001) while overweight and diabetes were close to significance (P = .052, .053, respectively).The combined cephalosporin with FQ prophylaxis could significantly decrease the risk of infectious complications. Obesity was an independent risk factor for PBI., (Copyright © 2017 The Authors. Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.)

Objective: To establish chromatographic fingerprint of Pericarpium Citri Reticultae from Guangdong province by HPLC and comparison of citrus herbs similarity with different strains and different origin, it was expected to fix standard of quality control., Methods: 26 samples' analysis was performed on Diamonsil C18 column (250 mm x 4.6 mm, 5 microm) with gradient mobile phase of acetonitrile-1% acetic acid,fingerprint was finished in 65 min, the monitoring wavelength was at 330 nm with the flow rate of 1.0 mL/min., Results: Establishing the fingerprint of Pericarpium Citri Reticultae from Guangdong province, 17 common peaks were found in the HPLC fingerprints from different sources, the similarity of Pericarpium Citri Reticultae from Guangdong province above 0.975 and quite different for different origin drugs., Conclusion: This method is simple, accurate with good reproducibility, and can be used specifically for the quality control of Pericarpium Citri Reticultae from Guangdong province.