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The increasing automobile repair industries (ARIs) with spray facilities have become an important volatile organic compound (VOC) pollution source in China. However, the VOC health risk assessment for long-term exposure in ARIs has not been well characterized. In this study, though sampled VOCs from 51 typical ARIs in Beijing, the relationship between emission patterns, average daily exposure concentrations (EC), and health risks was comprehensively analyzed with the health assessment method. Results showed that concentrations of 117 VOCs from the samples ranged from 68.53 to 19863.32 μg·m−3, while the ARI operator's daily VOC inhalation EC was 11.24–1460.70 μg·m−3. The organic VOC (OVOC) concentration accounted for 73.16 ~ 94.52% in the solvent-based paint workshops, while aromatics were the main VOC component in water-based paint spraying (WPS) workshops, accounting for 70.08%, respectively. And the method of inhalation exposure health risk assessment was firstly used to evaluate carcinogenicity and non-carcinogenicity risk for sprayers in ARIs. The cumulative lifetime carcinogenic risk (LCR) for 24 sampled VOCs were within acceptable ranges, while the mean hazard index (HI) for 1 year with 44 sampled VOCs was over 1. Among them, ethyl alcohol had a high carcinogenic risk in both mixed water-based paint (MP) and solvent-based paint workshops. The mean HI associated with aromatics were 2.88E − 3 and 4.30E − 3 for 1 h in MP and WPS workshops. O-ethyl toluene and acetone are VOC components that need to be paid attention to in future paint raw materials and spraying operations. Our study will provide the important references for the standard of VOC occupational exposure health limits in ARIs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

China's traditional agriculture has grown quickly but at the cost of excessive pollution and energy consumption. Therefore, low-carbon development in agriculture is crucial to achieving "carbon neutrality" and "carbon peaking." With the development of China's digital economy and the construction of digital villages in recent years, digital technology innovation (DTI) is probably going to a significant role in lowering agricultural carbon emissions (ACEs). Based on Chinese provincial panel data from 2006 to 2021, we analyze the spatial and temporal evolution characteristics of DTI and ACE, explore the impact and the pathways of DTI on ACE using a spatial econometric model, and reveal this impact's heterogeneity and nonlinear character. The findings show that DTI and ACE increased significantly throughout all Chinese provinces. DTI agglomeration is becoming stronger, whereas ACE displays a tendency for discontinuous distribution. DTI is essential in promoting low-carbon development in agriculture, and there are significant spatial spillover effects due to technology spillovers. Heterogeneity analysis indicates that DTI has positive impacts on local agriculture in different regions. However, there is variation in the impact's degree. The mechanism test's findings show how DTI reduces ACE by improving technology and enhancing resource endowment. The relationship between DTI and ACE exhibits an inverted "U" curve, and the level of economic development is the threshold variable that constrains the relationship between the two variables. To achieve a regional balanced low-carbon development in agriculture through DTI, it is important to emphasize the impact of DTI on reducing carbon emissions and to encourage the transfer of mature technology from high-level regions to low-level regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims and objectives: The study aimed to (1) investigate the changes in maternal and paternal depression, along with social support, across the 6‐month postpartum period; (2) explore the relationships between maternal and paternal depression and social support during the 6‐month postpartum period; and (3) compare the differences in postpartum depression and social support between mothers and fathers at 2–3 days, 6 weeks, 3 months and 6 months postpartum. Background: An increasing body of evidence now shows that postpartum depression affects both mothers and fathers. The notable increase in postpartum depression in China is particularly concerning. Design: A longitudinal study was conducted, guided by the STROBE checklist. Methods: 122 pairs of parents were recruited from September 2020 to October 2021 at a teaching hospital in Guangzhou, China. Data were collected from each parent at 2–3 days, 6 weeks, 3 months and 6 months postpartum, using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale and the Social Support Rating Scale. We also acquired socio‐demographic and obstetric data at 2–3 days postpartum. Results: Maternal depression was lowest at 2–3 days postpartum compared with that measured at 6 weeks, 3 months and 6 months postpartum. Maternal and paternal social support was highest at 2–3 days postpartum compared with that measured at 6 weeks, 3 months and 6 months postpartum. Maternal depression was significantly correlated with paternal depression while maternal social support was significantly correlated with paternal social support at different time points. Conclusion: Postpartum depression in mothers and social support in both mothers and fathers, showed significant changes during the 6‐month postpartum period. Relevance to clinical practice: Healthcare providers should pay attention to the mental health of both parents, view them as a team and provide both family‐based and women‐cantered interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Microplastics (MPs) are plastic fragments with particle sizes smaller than 5 mm that have potentially harmful effects on ecosystems and human health. The soil environment is not only the source but also the sink of MPs. Thus, it is necessary to fully understand the pollution and distribution of MPs in soils. In this study, Qinghai Province, northeast of the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau, was selected as the research area, and 22 soil samples were collected and analyzed to study the levels and distribution characteristics of MPs in grassland soils. MPs were obtained from the soils by using density separation, and a laser confocal micro Raman spectrometer was used for MP identification. The results showed that MPs were detected in all of the soil samples. The total abundances of MPs ranged from 1125 to 1329 items/kg, with a mean abundance of 1202 items/kg. Various types, shapes, sizes, and colors of MPs were observed. Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) was the dominant polymer in all the grassland soil samples. The size range of 10–50 μm accounted for 50% of all identified MPs. Pellets were the dominant MP shape, and colored MPs accounted for 64% of all MPs. The results revealed the presence of large quantities of MPs in the grassland soils of remote areas as well. This study can act as a reference for further studies of MPs in terrestrial systems. At the end of the paper, the prospects and suggestions for pollution control by soil MPs are given. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Balancing soil greenhouse gas emissions (SGE) with crop production is crucial for sustainable agriculture in China. Optimizing field management practices regionally can effectively promote carbon reduction and food security, given the varying SGE responses across agroecological regions. This study employed meta-analysis and machine learning techniques to assess SGE responses to nine different farming practices in seven distinct agroecological regions. It aimed to identify optimal management strategies for balancing SGE and crop production within each region. Findings underscore substantial spatial heterogeneity in the effects of management practices on SGE, with the combined use of organic and inorganic fertilizers (MOF-MF) demonstrating the most pronounced variability (standard deviation, SD = 1.80), where MOF resulted in SGE 610% of that with MF in the Southern China (SC) region, yet only 54% in Northwestern China (NWC). Conversely, straw incorporation exhibited the most minor variability (SD = 0.27), influencing SGE by 35%–62%. Additionally, the study reveals that soil and climatic conditions significantly modulate SGE responses. In scenarios characterized by humid and warm climates with soil pH ranging from 5.5 to 8.5 or initial SOC ≤10, the environmental impact on SGE was marginal. However, in highly acidic or alkaline soils or with initial SOC >10, SGE responses varied markedly with management practices in arid and cold conditions. The study further proposes agricultural management strategies to achieve the lowest SGE while maximizing crop yield. It recommends specific methods for fertilizer applications, straw management, irrigation, and tillage practices meticulously tailored to the unique conditions of each agroecological region. This research offers essential insights for agricultural stakeholders regarding cultivation strategies and delivers theoretical guidance for enhancing agricultural management and land-use planning throughout China's heterogeneous landscapes. • A total of 2221 observed values of cropland soil greenhouse gas emissions (SGE) were utilized in this study. • It highlighted the spatial heterogeneity of SGE in response to diverse management practices. • Investigating soil pH, SOC, humidity, and temperature's impact on SGE has deepened insights into environmental mechanisms. • It proposed region-specific management strategies for seven agroecological zones designed to optimize yields while minimizing SGE. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to diverse methodologies and data sources, China's agricultural greenhouse gas (AGHG) emissions estimates demonstrate significant variability. A quantitative review was conducted on the prevalence and application of various accounting methods to clarify and reduce discrepancies in AGHG emissions estimation techniques and data application. Using a systematic PRISMA framework, 4257 global studies were analyzed, yielding 681 AGHG emission records from 57 papers and four databases explicitly focusing on China. The analysis reveals similarities between Chinese and global research trends, concentrating on environmental science, soil science, and ecology. Furthermore, the spatial scale and methodologies for China's AGHG emissions estimation are relatively centralized, with 53.21% of the research targeting site-specific scales and 74.12% employing inventory methods and statistical analysis. Regarding the variability in China's AGHG emission estimates between 1996 and 2020, estimates ranged from 100 to 800 Mt. C-eq, with the highest estimate being approximately 25 times the minimum within the same period. Notably, compared to the average AGHG emissions calculated for 1996–2020 (284.7 to 548.7 Mt. C-eq), estimates from the FAO and Our World in Data were higher by an average of 114.7% and 81.9%, respectively. These findings underscore the need to enhance remote sensing and survey data application and standardize AGHG emissions estimation methodologies and boundaries to ensure comparability across various accounting methods and datasets. This study conducts a quantitative analysis to identify and bridge the gaps in AGHG emission evaluation techniques, laying the groundwork for establishing a more comprehensive and resilient framework for AGHG emissions assessments. • An analysis of 4257 studies is conducted to assess uncertainties and discrepancies in AGHG emissions in China. • 53.21% of AGHG research targets site-specific scales; 74.12% uses inventory methods and statistical analysis. • The gap between different estimates of China's annual AGHG emissions is as high as 25 times. • Emissions estimates by the FAO and OWD exceed those from 57 scholarly articles by 114.7% and 81.9%, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Juglandis Mandshuricae Cortex is the bark of Juglans mandshurica Maxim., which has been used as a folk medicine plant in China and India. In this study, an ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography–quadrupole/orbitrap high‐resolution mass spectrometry method was developed to clarify and quantify the chemical profiling of Juglandis Mandshuricae Cortex rapidly. A total of 113 compounds were characterized. Among them, seven flavonoids were simultaneously quantified in 15 min, including myricetin, myricetrin, taxifolin, kaempferol, quercetin, quercitrin, and naringenin. The method was validated for accuracy, precision, and the limits of detection and quantification. All calibration curves showed a good linear relationship (r > 0.9990) within test ranges. The intra‐ and inter‐day relative standard deviations were less than 2.16%. Accuracy validation showed that the recovery was between 95.6 and 101.3% with relative standard deviation values below 2.85%. The validated method was successfully applied to determine the contents of seven flavones in Juglandis Mandshuricae Cortex from seven sources and the contents of these places were calculated respectively. This method provides a theoretical basis for further developing the medicinal value of Juglandis Mandshuricae Cortex. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Land consolidation plays a vital role in addressing the global poverty issue. Nevertheless, the factors and mechanisms contributing to the disparities in the impacts of land consolidation on poverty alleviation (LCPA) remain inadequately analyzed. This study aimed to explore how natural conditions influence the effectiveness of LCPA in contiguous impoverished mountainous regions. The structural equation model (SEM), questionnaire and interviews were used to analyze whether natural conditions will affect the effectiveness of LCPA in Wumeng Mountain contiguous poverty-stricken area. The results showed that under the influence of natural conditions, the direct benefits of LCPA decreased by 31.3%, while the indirect benefits decreased by 56.1%. Natural factors have a negative impact on the direct benefits of LCPA, as evidenced by a path coefficient of − 0.39. However, they exhibit a positive influence on the indirect benefits, with a coefficient of 0.57. Specifically, topography and soil have a negative effect on LCPA, but the characteristic hydrological and temperature conditions facilitate the cultivation of specialty crop, such as strawberries and blueberries. The impact of different natural factors on the benefits of LCPA exhibits significant variations. Elevation and precipitation have a pronounced impact on the benefits of LCPA, with path coefficients of 1.01 and 0.99, respectively, while the influence of soil and temperature is relatively limited. While adverse natural conditions are one of the significant factors contributing to poverty, the combination of characteristic climatic conditions and LCPA projects has jointly facilitated the development of agricultural enterprises. Policymakers should pay attention to the multidimensional role of natural factors in land consolidation and poverty alleviation and strengthen the sustainability of land consolidation in poverty alleviation. • The impact of natural factors on LCPA benefits was evaluated based on SEM and questionnaire. • Affected by natural conditions, the direct and indirect benefits of LCPA decreased by 31.3% and 56.1%, respectively. • Elevation and precipitation significantly affect LCPA benefits, with path coefficients of 1.01 and 0.99, respectively. • The hydrological and temperature conditions facilitated the development of characteristic agricultural enterprises. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Appraisals of land-use sustainability (LUS) are indispensable for the attainment of sustainable land-use planning and management. At present, China is experiencing a pivotal phase of comprehensive reform in land-use policy, engendering a practical necessity for system-oriented land evaluations. Despite this, studies focused on national-scale systematic LUS evaluation remain scarce. Within this context, we developed a hierarchical structural framework for land-use systems based on the assumption that sustainable land-use systems adapted to development needs have mutually adaptable internal subsystems and fewer conflicting system elements. Employing this framework, we assessed the LUS across Chinese counties from 2000 to 2015 by using a newly introduced static equilibrium equation；we also analyzed the natural and socioeconomic influences and driving effect of land-use change to LUS. Findings reveal a significant spatial clustering and urban-rural differentiation within the LUS spatial pattern. Five LUS hot and cold spots and eight metropolitan areas with poor LUS were identified. Furthermore, conflicting land capability elements and the non-adaptability of land function subsystems with capability subsystems are the primary constraints on LUS; gross domestic product (GDP), population growth, and the GDP growth per unit land area had the most significant impacts on LUS; The transformation of construction and cropland into ecological land and the re-purposing of grassland into building land are primary drivers of LUS. Our findings highlight the prospective utility of the proposed LUS framework in integrated natural resource management and territorial spatial planning. Meanwhile, Insights from this evaluation case could be harnessed to optimize land-use in critical regions (including northern arid and semiarid regions, the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau region, the poverty belt around the capital, Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta metropolitan areas, as well as Fuzhou and Xiamen metropolitan areas), thereby enhancing land management decision-making processes. • Developing a hierarchical structural framework for land-use systems to evaluate land-use sustainability (LUS). • Evaluating LUS of 2855 county-level units in China between 2000 and 2015. • The LUS exhibits significant spatial clustering and urban–rural differentiation. • Identifying the influence of natural and socioeconomic factors on LUS and the driving role of land-use change. • LUS can be integrated into territorial spatial planning, key regional land-use optimization, and land management decision-making. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the current complex and changeable external environment, the sustainable development of rural areas is the key to global economic and social transformation. Introducing the concept of resilience will help to tap the villages' internal potential and inject new vitality into realizing high-quality rural development. This study analyzes the rural system resilience (RRS) mechanism. It then constructs a village-scale resilience evaluation framework based on three dimensions: resources, morphology, and function. The combination of empirical research and field surveys verifies the feasibility of the analytical framework. This study constructed an analytical framework, used the catastrophe progression method and geo-detector to evaluate the RRS of 386 villages in Suining County, Jiangsu Province, and put forward a regional guidance scheme for RRS promotion based on factor characteristics. There are three key results and conclusions. First, the study combined system theory and adaptive circulation theory to analyze the connotations and mechanisms of RRS. Second, the empirical case study results show that the spatial differentiation of resilience in different dimensions is quite significant. For example, the overall resilience index is higher in the southern regions than in the northern regions of Suining County, and the polarization is obvious. Third, the study combined the dominant factors and their characteristics to construct a two-level rural zoning scheme to provide rural development strategies for different villages. The results can provide a potential approach to rural transformation development for cultivating resilient rural settlements and provide policy reference for rural land management and spatial planning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Analysis of land use efficiency (LUE) integrating stakeholders' vision for the coordinated development among agriculture, economy and ecology can provide a harmonized avenue for localized and efficient resource management strategies. In this research, a new analysis framework for LUE integrating stakeholders' vision was proposed, and further applied to Jiangsu Province, a typical region with rapid urbanization in eastern China, to systematically explore the coupling and coordination relationship among multiple land use efficiencies in agriculture, economy and ecology and its driving factors. Results showed that: (1) Most areas of Jiangsu failed to meet the land-use stakeholders' vision in terms of agricultural production, economic development, and ecological maintenance during 2000–2018, with an average improvement potential of 26.84%, 30.27% and 36.58% respectively at the township level; (2) Interactions among multiple land use efficiencies in 2000–2018 were developing towards coordination in terms of temporal evolution, spatial association, and interaction types and their spatial transformations, but overall they were still at a medium level of coordination; (3) Economic factors had a certain priority for the coordinated development of multiple efficiencies, but they mostly played negative roles, while both agricultural factors and ecological factors mostly played positive roles. This study should be useful in assisting stakeholders to proactively focus on specific solutions for more effective land resource management and decision-making, and identify which land use behaviors should be encouraged or prohibited for the future coordination among agriculture, economy and ecology. [Display omitted] • Propose a new analysis framework for land use efficiency integrating stakeholders' vision. • Reveal the spatio-temporal dynamics of multiple land use efficiencies. • Analyze the spatio-temporal changes of the coupling and coordination among multiple land use efficiencies. • Identify the factors that affect the coupling coordination status over time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• This paper proposes a multi-dimensional assessment framework for cropland use stability. • Multi-dimensional cropland use characteristics present significant spatial differentiation. • Cropland stability in Northeast China Plain and Loess Plateau is the highest and lowest. • Urbanization will lead to about 9.31% of high-stability cropland losses in 2030. • Integrating landscape stability and national planning can draft a sustainable-oriented strategy. Shifting to more sustainable use can curb cropland resource degradation and improve production resilience. However, most cropland use assessments are unilaterally focused on biophysical levels and productivity, ignoring the multi-dimensional aspects of degraded cropland. This study attempts to describe cropland use stability in China by proposing a multi-dimensional assessment framework (including quantity, quality, management, service, and risk) to provide a reference for designing land degradation-neutral strategies. Results show that multi-dimensional cropland use characteristics present significant spatial heterogeneity. Western regions are reserve resource agglomerations that can replenish cropland quantity. In contrast, main grain-producing areas cover most current resources with preferably cultivation quality, management efficiency, and ecosystem services, while risk resistance is weak (especially in Middle-lower Yangtze Plain). Generally, the stability of cropland use in Northeast Plain is the highest and in Loess Plateau the lowest. Besides, urbanization will occupy about 9.31% of the high-stability cropland in 2030, of which 70.29% will occur in Northeast Plain and Huang-Huai-Hai Plain. The total potential productivity loss in Huang-Huai-Hai Plain alone will reach 100.1 kt, equivalent to supplying the food demand of 199,200 people annually. Therefore, a sustainable-oriented refined cropland management strategy should be designed according to the hierarchical nested spatial layout of comprehensive planning-stability map-multi-dimensional utilization characteristics to ensure the loss-replenishment balance and stable production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Important biogeochemical processes occur in sediments at fine scales. Sampling techniques capable of yielding information with high resolution are therefore needed to investigate chemical distributions and fluxes and to elucidate key processes affecting chemical fates. In this study, a high-resolution diffusive gradients in thin-films (DGT) technique was systematically developed and tested in a controlled sediment system to measure organic contaminants, antibiotics, for the first time. The DGT probe was used to resolve compound distributions at the mm scale. It also reflected the fluxes from the sediment pore-water and remobilization from the solid phase, providing more dynamic information. Through the fine scale detection, a reduction of re-supply was observed over time, which was concentration and location dependent. Compared to the Rhizon sampling method, antibiotic concentrations obtained by DGT probes were less than the pore-water concentrations, as DGT measures the labile fraction of the compounds. The DGT probe was also tested on an intact sediment core sampled from a lake in China and used to measure the distribution of labile antibiotics with depth in the core at the mm scale. The abuse of antibiotics and widespread of their residues influences the ecosystem, induces the generation of super-bacteria, and finally poses threat to human health. Sediments adsorbs pollutants from the aquatic environment, while may also release them back to the environment. We systematically developed DGT probe approach for measuring antibiotics in sediment in situ in high resolving power, it provides information at fine scale to help us investigate biogeochemical processes take place in sediment and sediment-water interface. [Display omitted] • Developed a new in situ high resolution sampling probe for studying antibiotics. • Resolving power reached the mm scale, better than conventional methods. • Vertical distribution of antibiotics in sediments and their transport were determined. • Antibiotics were detected in an intact sediment core using DGT probe. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ecological transformation is an inevitable trend for the development of land consolidation (LC) worldwide, and the research on carbon effect of LC is an important theoretical basis for promoting the construction of Eco-LC. However, there is currently a lack of analysis of the carbon effect based on the whole process of LC, ignoring the stage elements and temporal factors. This study applied Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) method to construct a research framework and accounting system for carbon footprint assessment of LC, and explored the carbon effect in a typical land consolidation project area (LCPA) of China. Results showed that: (a) The carbon effect of the project area was characterized as carbon emission during the whole life cycle of LC. Carbon footprint before and after LC was 3.251 tCE·ha−1·a−1 and 2.401 tCE·ha−1·a−1 respectively. The carbon storage reduced and the carbon footprint is declined by 0.850 tCE·ha−1·a−1. (b) Carbon effect varied among different stages of LC. The Benefit Period (BP) was the only stage that was manifested as carbon absorption (−14.65%), while all the other stages were manifested as carbon emission. Among them, as to the carbon emission, the Construction Period (CP) played a decisive role with the most proportion (102.74%), followed by DP and RP, and the carbon effect of PP was negligible. (c) The dominant factors of carbon effect at different stages were also different. During CP, cement contributed the most to the carbon emission in this case. During RP, carbon sequestration effect of cropland proved to be the most significant. During RP, the carbon sequestration effect of cultivated land and the carbon emission effect of unused land were the most prominent. During BP, the carbon sequestration capacity of farmland ecosystems proved to be greater than the carbon emissions from agricultural activities. This study contributes to providing certain theoretical guidance and method reference for the realization of Low-Carbon LC project planning, with this comprehensive and reliable method. Image 1 • LCA was applied to the research of carbon footprint assessment for LC, both at the whole life cycle of LC and the BP stage. • The research framework and accounting system of carbon footprint assessment for the whole life cycle of LC were constructed. • The carbon effect of the project area was characterized as carbon emission during the whole life cycle of LC. • Carbon effect and the dominant factors varied among different stages of LC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: This study aims to develop and validate a prediction model for preterm birth in women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)., Design: We conducted a retrospective study on women with GDM who gave birth at the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China, between November 2017 and July 2021. We divided 1879 patients into a development set (n = 1346) and a validation set (n = 533). The development set was used to construct the prediction model for preterm birth using the stepwise logistic regression model. A nomogram and a web calculator were established based on the model. Discrimination and calibration were assessed in both sets., Patients and Measurements: Patients were women with GDM. Data were collected from medical records. GDM was diagnosed with 75-g oral glucose tolerance test during 24-28 gestational weeks. Preterm birth was definied as gestational age at birth <37 weeks., Results: The incidence of preterm birth was 9.4%. The predictive model included age, assisted reproductive technology, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, reproductive system inflammation, intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy, high-density lipoprotein, homocysteine, and fasting blood glucose of 75-g oral glucose tolerance test. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for the development and validation sets was 0.722 and 0.632, respectively. The model has been adequately calibrated using a calibration curve and the Hosmer-Lemeshow test, demonstrating a correlation between the predicted and observed risk., Conclusion: This study presents a novel, validated risk model for preterm birth in pregnant women with GDM, providing an individualized risk estimation using clinical risk factors in the third trimester of pregnancy., (© 2024 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

This paper presents an in-depth study and analysis of the correlation between satisfaction with rural residents' income and mental health well-being in the context of industrial structure upgrading. Most of the studies on residents' subjective well-being from the perspective of relative income or income inequality have started from the happiness of rural residents and the satisfaction of rural residents' life, and few scholars have focused on the psychological health of rural residents. Subjective well-being is significantly related to external and internal goals in desire. Life satisfaction is significantly and positively correlated with external and internal goals, as well as the six dimensions of desire, except for social identity; positive emotions are significantly and positively correlated with internal goals; negative emotions are only negatively correlated with self-acceptance, and there is a significant positive correlation between income level and desire. In vertical income, there is also a process of judging whether the expected income is achieved. If the expected income growth level is achieved, the income satisfaction will increase. Desire mediates the effect of income level on subjective well-being. Income level influences subjective well-being through internal goals; income level influences life satisfaction and positive emotions through external goals. The relationship between income inequality and mental health is influenced by the characteristics of the population, with women and middle-aged people being the most negatively affected. This relationship is also influenced by income level, with the effect of income inequality on mental health showing a negative effect in the lower and middle-income groups but a positive effect in the higher income groups. Income inequality affects residents' mental health through the mediating effects of a sense of social justice, life stress, and trust in government. Inequality in household wealth can exacerbate the negative effects of income inequality on mental health., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2022 Yile Wang et al.)

A new cyclopeptide, pulvpeptin A (1), two pairs of norlignan lignanosides, tamariscinosides G and H (2, 3), together with five known compounds (4-8) were isolated from Selaginella pulvinata. The structures were elucidated by spectroscopic data and chemical degradation. The activity of tamariscinoside G (2) was evaluated by stimulating glucose uptake in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. The results showed 1.49-fold increase in glucose uptake in 3T3-L1 cells relative to basal., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare no conflicts of interest., (Copyright © 2020. Published by Elsevier B.V.)