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Objective: We aimed to investigate the secular prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and evaluate its adverse pregnancy outcomes among pregnant women in Hebei province, China. Methods: We analyzed the data from the monitoring information management system for pregnant women in 22 hospitals of Hebei province, China. In this study, 366,212 individuals with singleton live births from 2014 to 2021 were included, of whom 25,995 were diagnosed with gestational diabetes. We described the incidence of common complications and further analyzed the clinical characteristics in GDM patients and the relationship between GDM and adverse pregnancy outcomes. Results: The top 3 pregnancy complications in Hebei province are anemia, gestational hypertension, and GDM. The average incidence of GDM was 7.10% (25,995/366,212). The incidence rate of GDM significantly increased from 2014 to 2021 (χ² trend = 7,140.663, P < 0.001). The top 3 regions with GDM incidence were Baoding (16.60%), Shijiazhuang (8.00%), and Tangshan (3.80%). The incidence of GDM in urban pregnant women (10.6%) is higher than that in rural areas (3.7%).The difference between the GDM and Non-GDM groups was statistically significant in terms of maternal age, gravidity, parity, education level, and incidence of pregnancy complications (gestational hypertension, heart diseases, and anemia) (P < 0.05). GDM individuals were at significantly increased risk of most assessed adverse pregnancy outcomes, including premature delivery, Cesarean delivery, uterine inertia, neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission, Apgar (activity-pulse-grimace-appearance-respiration) score at 1 min, and macrosomia (P < 0.05). The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that GDM was an independent risk factor in terms of premature birth, Cesarean delivery, uterine inertia, placental abruption, NICU admission, and macrosomia. Conclusion: The risk of adverse pregnancy outcome in pregnant women with GDM is significantly increased. In order to reduce the occurrence of adverse pregnancy outcomes, effective interventions are needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (CPKP) strains have emerged as a major problem for healthcare systems. The aim of this study was to determine the circulating clones and analyze the clinical and molecular characteristics of CPKP in our hospital. Methods: A total of 74 carbapenemase producers collected from our hospital from 2012 to 2014 were analyzed for the prevalence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBLs), plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes (PMQRs), exogenously acquired 16S rRNA methyltransferase (16S-RMTase), and plasmid-mediated AmpC enzyme (pAmpCs) by PCR and DNA sequencing. The sequence types (STs) of the carbapenemase producers were analyzed by multi-locus sequence typing (MLST). And Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) was performed to investigate the genetic relationship of KPC-2 producing strains. Clinical data were retrieved from the medical records. Results: KPC-2 (n = 72) was the predominant enzyme followed by NDM-1 (n = 2); The genes blaCTX-M, blaSHV, blaTEM-1, blaDHA-1, rmtB, armA, oqxA, oqxB, and qnrB were present in 29 (39.2 %), 27 (36.5 %), 46 (62.2 %), 2 (2.7 %), 25 (33.8 %), 1 (1.4 %), 60 (81.1 %) and 56 (75.7 %), 6 (8.1 %) isolates, respectively. MLST analysis revealed 10 different STs. The most dominant ST was ST11 (78.4 %, 58/74), followed by ST15 (8.1 %, 6/74). PFGE patterns of the KPC-2 producing K. pneumoniae isolates exhibited clonal dissemination of ST11 and ST15 clones as well as a genetic diversity of the remaining strains. Conclusion: The intra- and inter-hospital cross-transmission of KPC-2-producing K. pneumoniae ST11 co-carrying oqxAB and rmtB in our hospital strongly suggested that rapid identification of colonized or infected patients and screening of carriers is quite necessary to prevent a scenario of endemicity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: To understand drinking patterns, health status related to drinking and the level of unrecorded alcoholic beverage consumption for the general population living in five areas of China in 2001. Methods: By cluster sampling, 24 992 community residents aged 15 years or older were interviewed by trained psychiatrists using structured questionnaires provided by WHO. Results: The 1-year drinking rate was 59.0%, and the point prevalence rate of dependence was 3.8%. The average annual consumption of pure alcohol was 4.47 l. The 1-year morbidity from gastritis/ulcer in the whole sample was 7.9%, which associated nonlinearly to alcohol intake, and heart disease and cerebral infarction/cerebral haemorrhage showed V-shaped curve relationships. Conclusions: The rate of alcohol use was higher in men than in women, and the annual alcohol consumption per capita was higher than that in the 1990s in the selected areas. Alcohol consumption plays a role in the development of alcohol-related physical diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]