1. The effect of salt substitution on frequency and severity of headache: results from the SSaSS cluster-randomised controlled trial of 20,995 participants.
- Author
-
Haghdoost, Faraidoon, Gnanenthiran, Sonali R., Shan, Sana, Kaistha, Prachi, Huang, Liping, Tian, Maoyi, Liu, Yishu, Yin, Xuejun, Zhang, Xinyi, Hao, Zhixin, Wu, Yangfeng, Di Tanna, Gian Luca, Neal, Bruce, and Rodgers, Anthony
- Subjects
FOOD consumption ,RESEARCH funding ,HEADACHE ,SALT-free diet ,HYPERTENSION ,STATISTICAL sampling ,SEVERITY of illness index ,TREATMENT effectiveness ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,GLOBAL burden of disease ,RANDOMIZED controlled trials ,POTASSIUM compounds ,CLUSTER sampling ,RURAL conditions ,CONFIDENCE intervals ,DATA analysis software ,SALT ,EVALUATION - Abstract
Background: Headache is one of the most common neurological symptoms. Headache disorders are associated with a high global burden of disease. Prior studies indicate that short-to-medium term sodium reduction reduces headache symptom. This study evaluated the effects of long-term reduced-sodium, added-potassium salt on headache frequency and severity in rural China. Methods: The Salt substitute and stroke study (SSaSS) was an open-label cluster-randomised trial in rural China designed to evaluate the effect of salt substitution on mortality and cardiovascular events. Participants included adults with a history of prior stroke and those aged ≥60 years with uncontrolled high blood pressure (BP). Villages were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio either to intervention with salt substitute (75% sodium chloride and 25% potassium chloride by mass) or to control with continued use of regular salt (100% sodium chloride). In this pre-specified analysis, between-group differences in headache frequency and severity were evaluated. The study was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (identifier number: NCT02092090). Results: A total of 20,995 participants were included in the trial (mean age 64.3 years, 51% female, mean follow-up 4.7 years). At final follow-up at the end of the study, headache outcome data including frequency and severity of headaches was available for 16,486 (98%) of 16,823 living participants. Overall, 4454/16,486 (27%) individuals reported having headache: 27.4% in the intervention group (2301/8386) vs 26.6% in the control group (2153/8100) (RR 1.04, 95% CI: 0.93, 1.16, p = 0.48). There was no difference in headache severity between intervention and control groups (p = 0.90). Conclusion: Long term salt substitution did not reduce the frequency or severity of headaches in this population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF