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Inconsistencies in the Eocene climates of East Asia have been revealed in both geological studies and simulations. Several earlier reconstructions showed an arid zonal band in mid‐latitude China, but others showed a humid climate in the same region. Moreover, previous Eocene modeling studies have demonstrated that climate models can simulate both scenarios in China. Therefore, it is essential to investigate the cause of this model spread. We conducted a series of experiments using Norwegian Earth System Model 1‐F and examined the impact of mountains in Southern China on the simulated Eocene climate. These mountains, including the Gangdese and Southeast Mountains, are located along the main path of water vapor transport to East Asia. Our results reveal that the Southeast Mountains play the dominant role in controlling the simulated precipitation in Eastern China during the Eocene. When the heights of the Southeast Mountains exceed ∼2,000 m, an arid zonal band appears in mid‐latitude China, whereas humid climates appear in Eastern China when the elevation of the Southeast Mountains is relatively low. Key Points: Southeast Mountains control simulated Eocene precipitation in Eastern ChinaWhen the Southeast Mountains are high, an arid zonal band appears in mid‐latitude ChinaThe early Eocene climate in East Asia is not monsoonal climate [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The long-term evolution of the Asian summer monsoon and its drivers are important for understanding future Asian summer monsoon variations. Due to inconsistencies among proxy data and/or different interpretations, controversies remain regarding the long-term evolution and drivers of the East and South Asian summer monsoons (EASM and SASM) during the late Miocene. There are two main viewpoints involving an overall strengthening or weakening trend, which is typically attributed to uplift of the Himalaya–Tibetan Plateau or global cooling. A detailed synthesis of paleoenvironmental reconstructions is required to understand the evolution of the EASM and SASM during the late Miocene. Here, we compiled paleoenvironmental reconstructions for the EASM and SASM during the late Miocene and used numerical simulations to investigate their evolution and potential drivers. The synthesis of the paleoenvironmental reconstructions indicates that the late Miocene climate: (1) underwent an overall drying trend in northern China, but a wetting trend in the South China Sea and surrounding areas; and (2) became progressively drier on the northern Indian subcontinent, but not on the southern Indian subcontinent. The modeling results indicate that: (1) EASM circulation overall weakened, whereas SASM circulation weakened (strengthened) in the northern (southern) part of South Asian monsoon domain; (2) summer precipitation decreased (increased) in the northern (southern) part of East and South Asian monsoon domains, which is roughly agreement with the paleoclimate records. Our results suggest that a decline in atmospheric CO 2 may have been a key driver of the evolution of the EASM and SASM during the late Miocene. • Compiled paleoclimate records and simulations were used to investigate the evolution of the ASM during the late Miocene. • An overall drying (wetting) trend occurred in northern China and northern Indian subcontinent (South China Sea and surrounding areas). • The simulated summer precipitation decreased (increased) in the northern (southern) part of the Asian monsoon domain. • A decrease in atmospheric CO 2 may have been a key driver of the evolution of the ASM during the late Miocene. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Building information modeling (BIM) can theoretically facilitate collaboration among diverse design participants in construction projects, but in practice, its implementation tends to prolong the design period. Existing literature has examined some technical and managerial causes of this problem but still lacks an overall coverage of related factors. This study aims to identify the comprehensive factors affecting the teamwork efficiency in China's BIM-based collaborative design, and to investigate the critical factors and their interactions. Based on the input-process-output theory, this study initially established a hypothetical model. Potential factors were further identified through the literature review and semi-structured interviews. Questionnaire survey was conducted, and structural equation modeling was used for analysis. The results indicated that the team cooperation atmosphere is the most significant factor, followed by the collaborators' learning ability, comfort of the working environment, BIM software function, and the characteristics and arrangement of the design task (CADT). Besides, the CADT negatively affects the teamwork efficiency through the human interaction process, while other factors exert positive impacts by affecting both the personal work process and the human interaction process. The findings can help design units to determine the management focus of BIM-based collaborative design and prioritize the allocation of limited resources accordingly to maximize teamwork efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Paleoclimate reconstruction and aeolian deposits in China indicate a major environmental reorganization – the formation of a nonzonal monsoon-dominated climate pattern – in East Asia in the late Oligocene and the early Miocene. In contrast, a zonal planetary-wind-dominated climate pattern has prevailed during the Paleocene and Eocene. However, this classical paradigm describing the climate transition has been questioned by recent studies. Here, our study emphasizes the importance of considering orbital-scale climate oscillations to better understand and reassess the paradigm. By examining the halite and mudstone sequence in the Jianghan Basin and conducting numerical experiments using the Norwegian Earth System model, we propose the concept of a "green Yangtze" phenomenon, which utilizes orbital-scale climate oscillations to reconcile the wet and dry environmental indicators in Eastern China during the Paleogene. It is essential to differentiate the Paleogene climate, characterized by intense orbital-scale wet and arid oscillations, from the Neogene monsoon-dominated climate. The classic paradigm remains valuable in understanding the long-term mean environment, albeit without capturing the orbital-scale details. Future research should focus on uncovering orbital-scale variations to enhance our understanding of climate evolution and dynamics in East Asia during the Cenozoic. • The paradigm of Paleogene zonal and Neogene nonzonal climate patterns captures Cenozoic East Asian climate evolution. • Orbital-scale oscillations are crucial in differentiating the climate during the Paleogene and Neogene. • A green Yangtze phenomenon reconciles Paleogene wet and dry environmental indicators in Eastern China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Previous geological studies have revealed that a zonal climate pattern with an arid zonal band prevailed in the mid-latitude of East Asia in the Paleogene. On the south of the arid band, a tropical monsoon climate controlled South China, Indochina, and India. In the Eocene, the boundary between the arid and the tropical monsoon climate largely moved northward. However, the reason behind this change remains unclear. Here, with the fast version of the Norwegian Earth System Model (NorESM1-F), we conduct experiments under different Eocene paleogeography conditions to analyze the evolution of the tropical Asian monsoon from the early Eocene to the late Eocene. Our results demonstrate that the northward movement of Indian plate causes a reorganization in low-level westerlies in summer. After the full merging of the India-Asia continents, modern-like low-level tropical circulations come into being and lead to the wetting in southern China. • The East Asian arid band moved northward during the Eocene. • Indian plate's northward movement reorganized low-level southwesterlies in the Eocene. • Modern-like low-level tropical circulations formed in the late Eocene. • Wetting in southern China does not indicate a monsoon climate in the late Eocene. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]