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Soil available phosphorus (AP) deficiency and shortage of phosphate rocks limit cotton production in China. Therefore, pool-culture experiments were conducted in 2019 and 2020 using two cotton cultivars (CCRI-79, low-P tolerant; SCRC-28, low-P sensitive) under three soil AP levels (P0: 3 ± 0.5, P1: 6 ± 0.5, and P2 (control): 15 ± 0.5 mg kg−1) to ascertain the effect of soil AP on boll biomass and lint yield. P0 and P1 decreased the P concentration and net photosynthetic rate (Pn) of subtending leaves, thus, reducing boll biomass and lint yield. Additionally, soil AP deficiency decreased boll wall:boll, lint:boll, and lint:seed, and increased seed:boll ratio. Upper fruiting branch positions (FB9–12) had higher lint:seed ratio and proportion of the total lint yield under low soil AP. Moreover, soil AP deficiency also reduced the sucrose transformation rate (Tr) and activities of sucrose-metabolizing enzymes, such as ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase-oxygenase (Rubisco), sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS), and sucrose synthase (SuSy), while increased carbohydrate levels (soluble sugar, sucrose, and starch) and the activity of cytosolic fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase (cy-FBPase) in the subtending leaves. The sucrose and starch contents, cy-FBPase, and SPS activities of SCRC-28 were more sensitive to low soil AP than CCRI-79. Higher Tr and activities of initial Rubisco and SuSy in the subtending leaves improved boll biomass and lint yield. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Auricularia auricula is one of the most popular edible mushrooms in China. Limited information is available regarding genes and proteins related to A. auricula development from mycelium to mature fruiting body and response to environmental stimuli. With the development of proteomics, this technology platform for addressing this problem is available. A critical step of a good proteome is protein extraction which can gives the best quality and a wide coverage of total proteins. To establish an effective protein extraction protocol suitable for proteomics analysis in mycelium and fruiting body of A. auricula, four previously reported protein extraction protocols including direct extraction, trichloroacetic acid (TCA) precipitation, TCA/acetone precipitation and phenol-based extraction, were compared based on the protein yield and 2-DE patterns. The efficiency of the four methods was evaluated by comparing protein yield and 2-DE patterns. Of the four methods, both TCA precipitation and phenol-based extraction method for A. auricula mycelia protein extraction yielded the good protein separation pattern and higher number of protein spots in 2-DE analysis. Furthermore, phenol-based extraction is superior to the other tested methods for A. auricula fruiting body proteome analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]