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From the perspective of configuration, this paper takes the region of manufacturing efficiency as the explanatory variable, selects eight antecedent conditions, and applies fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) to study the paths and methods of improving manufacturing emission efficiency. The results of the study show that there are two configuration paths of carbon emission efficiency in manufacturing industry, namely, research frontier and technological innovation level and labour force structure, R&D investment, science and technology innovation level, manufacturing output value, and environmental regulation synergistic path. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Causation and effectuation are two fundamental decision-making logics that managers use for crucial firm strategic decisions. However, existing research has yet to agree on the relationship between the two logics, supporting both the substitution and complementarity of causation and effectuation in influencing firm performance. This leaves us with a puzzle: How do causation and effectuation combine in balance to improve firm performance? To address the gap, we utilize a fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) with data collected from 344 small to medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in China to uncover the dynamic relationships between the two logics. Our findings indicate that causation or effectuation alone is insufficient to achieve superior firm performance. By distinguishing between four dimensions of effectuation, we identify three types of configurations for high performance: (1) causation with promotion-focused effectuation principles; (2) causation with prevention-focused effectuation principles; (3) causation with hybrid-focused effectuation principles. More importantly, we find that the effectiveness of the configurations depends on the firm development stage. Our findings provide SMEs with practical insights into how to effectively choose their decision-making logic when faced with different firm growth challenges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The high-quality development of SRDI enterprises is crucial for China to overcome critical technological bottlenecks and thereby achieve technological independence and strength. However, the factors driving the high-quality development of SRDI enterprises are not isolated elements, but rather a complex system of interconnected antecedents. This study employs the TOE framework and fuzzy set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA) with 141 Chinese SRDI "little giant" listed companies as samples to explore how various factors contribute to their high-quality development. The findings indicate: (1) No single factor is necessary for SRDI enterprises' high-quality development. (2) It is the synergy of multiple factors, in various combinations, that drives their high-quality development. (3) Technological innovation plays a key role in these pathways; SRDI enterprises should leverage their resources and capabilities for a synergistic technology-organization-environment match, selecting the most suitable development path. The results of this study not only enrich our understanding of the factors influencing SRDI enterprises' high-quality development but also offer insights for both the enterprises and government policy-making. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Considering the fuzzy and uncertainty of the evaluation information of the evaluation object, the type of indicators are expanded into five types of mixed evaluation information, namely, exact number, interval number, triangular fuzzy number, hesitant fuzzy number, and probabilistic linguistic term sets, and different types of evaluation information are adopted according to the different characteristics and types of indicators, respectively. When the evaluation information is hybrid information, the generalized Shapley function based on fuzzy measurement is used to analyze the interaction between indicators and determine the weights of indicators, considering that the interaction between indicators is more complicated. In view of the fact that the conversion of mixed information into the same kind of information will lead to the problem of complicated calculation and missing information, the VIKOR method is used to comprehensively evaluate the evaluation objects and select the best ones. Finally, the validity and feasibility of the proposed method is verified by taking the assessment of data literacy level and competence of teachers in a university in a western province of China as an example. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Relieving the emotions of the public through government response is an important part of government emergency management. How governments respond in different situations can avoid stimulating negative emotions during emergencies? This paper analyzes the problem from the perspective of configuration; that is, this paper explores the combined effects of multiple factors on emotions. We construct the theoretical framework "Situation-Responder-Content" from situation, responder and response content, and use the government microblogs (n= 1517) from 23 major production accidents in China for the discussion with the use of fuzzy set qualitative comparison analysis (fsQCA). According to the results, the effective response types of different agencies in emergencies are summarized. Local authorities can respond in ways that include "Measures type" and "Measures-Emotion type". Functional agencies can respond through "Measures type", "Measures-Emotion type" and "Government feature-Driven" type. This study emphasizes that government response in emergencies is a systematic process. Responsive agencies need to release effective information on the basis of fully considering the situation and other factors. Configuration analysis should also be an important direction in government response research, which is helpful to the practice of government response in emergencies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: This study aimed to explore the core factors and configurations influencing parenting efficacy for fathers of children with ASD in Western China by using a configuration analysis. Background: Understanding the push-pull factors related to parenting efficacy for fathers raising children with ASD can support the fathers of children with ASD to participate in education affairs and improve the quality of family education, which is of significant importance to both individuals and society. This study recruited 156 fathers of children with ASD from China. Results: The results suggested that there was more than one (sub) configuration for achieving a high level of parenting efficacy among fathers of children with ASD. (b) The configurations could be summarized into three main types as follows: "working within the system*flexible working time," "high level of education*high level of other support," and "severe disability*fewer interaction with wife." (c) The two variables, "family income" and "community support," were not as important as they were shown in previous studies, and their effects often depended on how they interact with other variables. Conclusions: Findings highlighted the validity of deploying configuration analysis (based on the ecosystem theory) to establish the relationship between independent variables and the parenting efficacy of fathers of children with ASD. The discovery of more than one configuration led to a new consensus on how multiple factors influence parenting efficacy. Implications were suggested for practitioners, policymakers, and future research alike. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To reflect both fuzziness and hesitation in the evaluation of interactivity between attributes in the identification process of 2-order additive fuzzy measure, this work uses the hesitant fuzzy linguistic term set (HFLTS) to describe and depict the interactivity between attributes. Firstly, the interactivity between attributes is defined by the supermodular game theory. According to this definition, a linguistic term set is established to characterize the interactivity between attributes. Under the linguistic term set, the experts employ linguistic expressions generated by context-free grammar to qualitatively describe the interactivity between attributes. Secondly, through the conversion function, the linguistic expressions are transformed into the hesitant fuzzy linguistic term sets (HFLTSs). The individual evaluation results of all experts were further aggregated with the defined hesitant fuzzy linguistic weighted power average operator (HFLWPA). Thirdly, based on the standard Euclidean distance formula of the hesitant fuzzy linguistic elements (HFLEs), the hesitant fuzzy linguistic interaction degree (HFLID) between attributes is defined and calculated by constructing a piecewise function. As a result, a 2-order additive fuzzy measure identification method based on HFLID is proposed. Based on the proposed method, using the Choquet fuzzy integral as nonlinear integration operator, a multi-attribute decision making (MADM) process is then presented. Taking the credit assessment of the big data listed companies in China as an application example, the analysis results of application example prove the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method. This work successfully reflects both the fuzziness and hesitation in evaluating the interactivity between attributes in the identification process of 2-order additive fuzzy measure, enriches the theoretical framework of 2-order additive fuzzy measure, and expands the applicability and methodology of 2-order additive fuzzy measure in multi-attribute decision making. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A learning management system (LMS) is a web-based application or software platform computed to facilitate the development, tracking, management, reporting, and delivery of education and training programs. Many valuable and dominant factors are working behind the Learning Management System (LMS), but no one can find which factor is most important and valuable for LMS during COVID-19 among the following five alternatives, called Improved Accessibility, Blended Learning, Collaboration and Communications, Assessment and Evaluation, and Administrative Efficiency. For this, first, we derive the techniques of bipolar complex hesitant fuzzy (BCHF) sets, and then we evaluate some flexible operational laws, called Algebraic operational laws and Aczel-Alsina operational laws. Secondly, using the above techniques, we elaborate the technique of BCHF Aczel-Alsina power averaging (BCHFAAPA), BCHF Aczel-Alsina power weighted averaging (BCHFAAPWA), BCHF Aczel-Alsina power geometric (BCHFAAPG), and BCHF Aczel-Alsina power weighted geometric (BCHFAAPWG) operators. Some basic properties are also investigated for each proposed operator. Further, to evaluate the problem concerning LMS, we compute the multi-attribute decision-making (MADM) techniques for invented operators. Finally, we select some prevailing operators and try to compare their ranking results with our proposed results to enhance the worth and capability of the invented theory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A consistency fuzzy set is composed of mean values and consistency degrees of fuzzy sequences in the transformation process of a fuzzy multiset (FM), but lacks confidence intervals in relation to a confidence level of fuzzy sequences, which shows its deficiency. To solve this deficiency, this paper aims to propose an improved transformation approach from FM to a confidence consistency fuzzy cubic set (CCFCS) and to develop an exponential similarity measure of CCFCSs for modeling piano performance evaluation (PPE) in a FM scenario. Consequently, this study includes the following context. First, a transformation approach from FM to CCFCS is proposed in terms of mean values, consistency degrees (the complement of standard deviation), and confidence intervals of fuzzy sequences subject to a confidence level and normal distribution. Second, the exponential similarity measure of CCFCSs is proposed in the scenario of FMs. Third, a PPE model is developed based on the proposed similarity measure of CCFCSs in the FM scenario. Finally, the developed model is applied to a piano performance competition organized by Shaoxing University in China as an actual evaluation example, and then the rationality and validity of the proposed model in the scenario of FMs are verified through sensitivity and comparison analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sales performance is one of the critical roles in boosting firm performance, making motivating salespeople a concern for many managers. However, few existing studies on sales performance improvement from the holistic perspective exist. Based on triadic reciprocal determinism, this paper explores the combinations of the factors that may influence sales performance. Based on matching questionnaires from 154 salespeople and their supervisors, this paper employs fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) to delve into the inherent complexity of factors influencing sales performance. The results revealed that a combination of personal (family motivation, challenge stress and hindrance stress), behavioral (adaptive selling behavior) and environmental factors (organizational innovation climate and business environment) determine sales performance. Specifically, three paths lead to high sales performance, and one path leads to non-high sales performance. Significantly, the path with an organizational innovation climate can explain high sales performance more effectively than other paths. This paper makes a valuable contribution to the literature on B2B sales literature by exploring triadic reciprocal determinism. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first fsQCA attempt to address sales performance based on Chinese samples. This paper offers an essential basis for sales managers to plan sales strategies. The sales managers could refer to the three paths leading to high sales performance to achieve sales targets. Further, the one path leading to non-high sales performance should be avoided in strategy decision-making. The paper examines different approaches to achieving high and non-high sales performance using the fsQCA method, which offers a unique and relevant perspective on B2B sales literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ESG greenwashing behaviors (GWBs) of firms have become a pressing issue globally nowadays. Combining partial least square‐structural equation model (PLS‐SEM) and FUZZY set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA), this article explores the drivers of ESG greenwashing behaviors in China's new energy industry, which provides valuable insight into understanding GWBs. Results show that (1) GWBs present causal asymmetry, with internal factors dominating in high GWBs configurations, while external factors are more critical in low GWBs configurations. (2) There are offsetting or compensating interactions between the variables. (3) "Rationalization" dominates the level of GWBs when it is used as a core factor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of rural sports depends on many factors, but the complex causal relationship between various factors and the level of rural sports development is not clear. Using data envelopment analysis (DEA) and fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA), this study aims to examine the driving role of various factors on rural sports development and construct various grouping paths to improve the level of rural sports development in China. The results shows that the area of fitness venues and social capital participation are sufficient conditions for the development of rural sports in China. Resource endowment through government fing, social capital participation and the construction of sports venues and facilities is the key driving factor for rural sports development in China. There are four grouping paths for the high-quality development of rural sports, which are divided into three configurations by combining the grouping characteristics: the state-social capital jointly controlled type driven by economic development and the resource endowment driven by the modernization of the agriculture promotes production and the grassroots organizations that are supported by the advantage of resource endowment. The results of the study highlight the complex causal relationships and key driving factors of rural sports development in China, highlight the differences in rural sports development patterns in different regions, and provide new ideas and guidelines for improving the level and quality of rural sports development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

How to explore the potential value of landscape, realize the organic combination of tourism landscape, enrich landscape elements and enhance tourism experience has become an important topic of tourism landscape planning and design, which is also a practical problem that needs to be solved urgently in the process of tourism landscape development and planning in different regions of China. The tourism landscape planning design scheme evaluation based on the virtual reality technology a typical multi-attribute group decision-making (MAGDM) problem. With the complexity of economic activities, uncertain information has an increasing impact on production activities. However, due to the ambiguity and uncertainty of human cognition, the factors affecting the risk of things cannot be accurately expressed. Therefore, selecting spherical fuzzy sets (SFSs) can make the expression of information more accurate and complete. On basis of the TODIM method and the PROMETHEE method, in this study, spherical fuzzy number TOMIM-PROMETHEE (SFN-TOMIM-PROMETHEE) method is implemented to solve the MAGDM problem under SFSs. Furthermore, CRITIC method under SFSs is implemented to determine relative weights. Then a numerical example for tourism landscape planning design scheme evaluation based on the virtual reality technology is selected to illustrate the effectiveness and practicality of the method. Finally, the comparative analysis shows that the SFN-TOMIM-PROMETHEE method under SFSs is an effective method to deal with MAGDM problems. The main contribution of this paper is managed: (1) the TODIM and PROMETHEE technique was extended to SFSs; (2) CRITIC technique is employed to manage the weight values under SFSs. (3) the SFN-TOMIM-PROMETHEE technique is founded to manage the MAGDM under IVPFSs; (4) a numerical example for tourism landscape planning design scheme evaluation based on the virtual reality technology and comparison analysis are constructed to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the SFN-TOMIM-PROMETHEE technique. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Energy conservation and emission reduction are important policies vigorously promoted in China. With the continuous popularization of the concept of green transportation, electric vehicles have become a green transportation tool with good development prospects, greatly reducing the pressure on the environment and resources caused by rapid economic growth. The development status of electric vehicles has a significant impact on urban energy security, environmental protection, and sustainable development in China. With the widespread application of new energy vehicles, charging piles have become an important auxiliary infrastructure necessary for the development of electric vehicles. They have significant social and economic benefits, so it is imperative to build electric vehicle charging piles. There are many factors to consider in the scientific layout of electric vehicle charging stations, and the location selection problem of electric vehicle charging stations is a multiple-attribute group decision-making (MAGDM) problem. Recently, the Combined Compromise Solution (CoCoSo) technique and CRITIC technique have been utilized to deal with MAGDM issues. Spherical fuzzy sets (SFSs) can uncover the uncertainty and fuzziness in MAGDM more effectively and deeply. In this paper, on basis of CoCoSo technique, a novel spherical fuzzy number CoCoSo (SFN-CoCoSo) technique based on spherical fuzzy number cosine similarity measure (SFNCSM) and spherical fuzzy number Euclidean distance (SFNED) is conducted for dealing with MAGDM. Moreover, when the attribute weights are completely unknown, the CRITIC technique is extended to SFSs to acquire the attribute weights based on the SFNCSM and SFNED. Finally, the SFN-CoCoSo technique is utilized for location selection problem of electric vehicle charging stations to prove practicability of the developed technique and compare the SFN-CoCoSo technique with existing techniques to further demonstrate its superiority. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The promotion of energy efficiency (EE) helps address energy constraints and promote environmental sustainability. This study comprehensively explores the spatiotemporal variations, influencing factors, and configuration promotion paths of EE in 284 Chinese cities during 2003-2019 using the global super-efficiency minimum distance to strong efficient frontier (G-S-MinDS), exploratory spatial data analysis (ESDA), multiscale geographically weighted regression (MGWR), and fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) methods. The findings are: (1) China' s cities have an annual average EE of 0.658 with a growth rate of 0.53%, showing considerable promotion potential. (2) Industrial structure optimization, population agglomeration, economic development, and increased green coverage contribute positively, while government intervention and openness hinder China' s urban EE. (3) Four configurational promotion paths for enhancing China' s urban EE are identified, where among those paths population density is a core condition, while government intervention is not. This study provides valuable insights into substantially improving urban EE, emphasizing the need for targeted policies to address energy and environmental crises in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With increasing concerns about climate change and resource-environmental limitations, the green development of the mining industry has become mainstream and gained much support. Driven by the concept of sustainable and green development, China has made the advancement of green mine construction a crucial part of establishing an eco-society and has put forward the overall goal of green mines. An important future strategy is to evaluate a large number of mines. However, developing scientific, reliable, and comprehensive index systems and evaluation methods is extremely difficult because of the objective complexity of green mine evaluation and the fuzziness of some indicators. The kernel method and intuitionistic fuzzy set can effectively handle these problems. This study proposed a comprehensive evaluation index system and a hybrid evaluation method based on the kernel distance measure and intuitionistic fuzzy TOPSIS method. The index system contains 22 indicators considering six aspects: mining area environment, resource development mode, comprehensive utilization of resources, energy saving and emission reduction, technical innovation, and corporation management. The hybrid evaluation method was applied to the practical assessment of ten green mines in Panxi, China. Comparative analyses were carried out to demonstrate its applicability and sensitivity. The results verify that the hybrid method can fully depict the construction achievements of green mines in all aspects with strong reliability and stability. This approach is a valuable reference for evaluators and decision-makers in government departments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the rapid development of China's economy and society, the innovation of grassroots social governance has become increasingly important. This paper constructs 35 grassroots social governance innovation samples. Using the TOE theoretical framework and a fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA), this paper analyzes the joint effects and interactive relationships of multiple factors on grassroots social governance innovation performance from three dimensions: technology, organization, and environment. The research reveals that internal environmental openness is a necessary condition for achieving high innovation performance in grassroots social governance, and proposes four grouping models that affect the performance of grassroots social governance innovation. This paper explores the inner logic of grassroots social governance innovation from a histological perspective, and on this basis proposes an adaptive path to enhance the performance of grassroots social governance innovation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Waste incineration technology has received extensive attention for its advantages of being harmless, reducing, and recycling. However, the waste-to-energy incineration project confronts significant "not-in-my-backyard (NIMBY) concerns," and irrational location choices will have negative effects on the project's economy and sustainability; it is also a great challenge to the credibility of the government. To this end, a multi-criteria decision-making framework is constructed for the site selection of waste-to-energy incineration projects. To begin with, a site selection criteria system is established including 16 sub-criteria from four aspects, where probabilistic linguistic term sets are introduced to depict the qualitative sub-criteria and probabilistic hesitant fuzzy sets are employed to express the uncertainty of quantitative sub-criteria. An optimization model is then built to determine the weights of criteria based on the Pearson correlation coefficient and least square method. Furthermore, a regret-preference ranking organization methods for enrichment evaluations (PROMETHEE) model is presented to rank alternatives in a heterogeneous decision environment. Finally, a case study in China is conducted to validate the applicability of the proposed framework; the result of the site selection demonstrates that alternative A2 located in Miyun, Beijing, is the most optimal option. This work provides investors with scientific decision reference and also extends the methods in the decision-making field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Optimizing the allocation of preschool education resources and improving the efficiency of resource allocation is of great strategic significance for the universal and inclusive development of preschool education and the realization of "education for young children". In recent years, the shift from high-speed development to high-quality development of the social economy has significantly improved the balanced development level of China's preschool education industry. However, preschool education remains the weakest link in China's education system and the most unfavorable aspect of educational resource allocation. Problems such as shortage of preschool education resources, insufficient investment, uneven regional development, imbalanced supply and demand structure, low resource allocation efficiency, and "difficult to enter, expensive to enter" are still prominent. How to optimize resource allocation and improve resource utilization efficiency in the limited resources of preschool education is the key to achieving balanced, fair, coordinated, and high-quality development of preschool education. The county preschool education resource allocation level evaluation is MAGDM problems. Recently, the TODIM and TOPSIS technique was employed to cope with MAGDM issues. The interval-valued Pythagorean fuzzy sets (IVPFSs) are employed as a tool for characterizing uncertain information during the county preschool education resource allocation level evaluation. In this manuscript, the interval-valued Pythagorean fuzzy TODIM-TOPSIS (IVPF-TODIM-TOPSIS) technique is built to solve the MAGDM under IVPFSs. Finally, a numerical case study for county preschool education resource allocation level evaluation is given to validate the proposed technique. The main contribution of this paper is managed: (1) the TODIM and TOPSIS technique was extended to IVPFSs; (2) Information Entropy is employed to manage the weight values under IVPFSs. (3) the IVPF-TODIM-TOPSIS technique is founded to manage the MAGDM under IVPFSs; (4) Algorithm analysis for county preschool education resource allocation level evaluation and comparison analysis are constructed based on one numerical example to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the IVPF-TODIM-TOPSIS technique. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is a lack of domestic and foreign research on the evaluation and improvement strategies of business performance of performing arts enterprises, especially in the context of the "restructuring" of cultural groups in China. Most of the existing studies are distributed in bulk, not only lacking in theoretical depth, but also lacking in systematization to a certain extent, which shows that the existing studies have not fully formed a mature and valuable theoretical system. The business performance evaluation of performing arts enterprises is a multiple attributes group decision making (MAGDM). This paper constructs a novel probabilistic hesitant fuzzy Multi-Objective Optimization Simple Ratio Analysis (PHF-MOOSRA) model based on the integrated determination of objective criteria weights (IDOCRIW) under the probabilistic hesitant fuzzy sets (PHFSs) for this issue. The PHFSs provides an evaluation circumstance containing more information which make the final decision-making results more accurately. Additionally, the IDOCRIW method separately and the MOOSRA method based on the MOORA method is proposed in PHFSs circumstance in this model. In the end, this model is then applied in a numerical case study for business performance evaluation of performing arts enterprises and compare this model with other existing methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a kind of renewable energy enterprise, wind power enterprise plays an important role in the energy transformation. However, its financing problems are also widespread. The purpose of this paper is to study the financing mode selection in order to improve sustainable development and future benefits of wind power enterprises. First, an evaluation index system is constructed through literature research and expert interviews, and the weight of each index is determined comprehensively by G1 and information entropy methods. On this basis, a financing mode selection model of wind power enterprises is constructed by using the prospect theory and hesitant fuzzy set. Next, this framework is used for case study. Financing patterns are ranked according to the comprehensive prospect value. The results show that financial leasing is the most suitable financing mode. Finally, the applicability and optimization of the model are proved by sensitivity analysis and comparative analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fish entrainment from reservoirs to downstream rivers by various water release structures may result in serious consequences for reservoir ecosystems. This study proposed an integrated modeling approach for determining fish entrainment risk zones and suitable reservoir regulations. The modeling approach combines hydrodynamic and fish risk assessment modeling with using fuzzy rules set defined by expert knowledge in fish ecology. We applied this modeling approach in the Maling Reservoir in China, where fish entrainment in the reservoir has been observed in the turbine, spillway, and irrigation system. Percocypris pingi (Tchang, 1930) and Onychostoma simum (Sauvage & Dabry de Thiersant, 1874), representing the main and protected fish species, were selected as target fish species. Five reservoir operation schemes were investigated under normal and designed water levels. The modeling results suggest that the fish entrainment risk for protected fish species (Onychostoma simum) is higher than that for the main fish species (Percocypris pingi). The results indicate a ranking of the fish entrainment risk from high to low in the following scenarios: with all spillways in operations, with one spillway in operation, with intakes in operation, with an irrigation system in operation, and with intakes and the irrigation system in combined operations. In addition, under normal and designed water levels, dead fish entrainment zone areas and percentages were extremely low compared to the entire forebay of the reservoir. These results indicate that the operation of the Maling Reservoir does not affect the ecological status of fish. These findings are generally applicable to any fish species in reservoirs that balance reservoir operations and ecological protection of fish, and could assist reservoir managers in making informed decisions on how to mitigate and compensate for fish entrainment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

China's education has entered the era of quality, and in order for higher vocational colleges to develop better, effective measures must be taken to improve the quality of education. Facing the continuous innovation of education in higher vocational colleges, it is necessary to strengthen institutional construction and constrain educational management with institutional constraints, which is the key to ensuring the education quality. The higher vocational education quality evaluation in the new era is regarded as multiple attribute decision-making (MADM). Recently, the EDAS and CRITIC model has been employed to solve MAGDM. The triangular fuzzy neutrosophic sets (TFNSs) are constructed as an efficient tool for portraying the uncertain information during the higher vocational education quality evaluation in the new era. In this paper, the triangular fuzzy neutrosophic number EDAS (TFNN-EDAS) model based on the Hamming distance and Euclid distance is constructed to solve the MADM under TFNSs. The CRITIC method is utilized to obtain the weight information based on the Hamming distance and Euclid distance under INNSs. Finally, a numerical example of higher vocational education quality evaluation in the new era is constructed and some efficient comparisons are founded to verify the TFNN-EDAS method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ceramic art has a long history of development in China and is an important component of the inheritance and development of traditional culture. The highly distinctive ceramic art expression content has been sought after by many international research enthusiasts and applied to product design, highlighting different social backgrounds and special cultural connotations of different eras, while also laying an important theoretical foundation for the inheritance and development of culture. The quality evaluation of ceramic product modeling design could be deemed as a classic multiple attribute group decision making (MAGDM) problem. Recently, the EDAS and CRITIC method has been used to cope with MAGDM issues. Spherical fuzzy sets (SFSs) can excavate the uncertainty and fuzziness in MAGDM more effectively and deeply. In this article, on basis of evaluation based on distance from average solution (EDAS), a novel spherical fuzzy number EDAS (SFN-EDAS) method based on Hamming distance and Euclid distance is built for dealing with MAGDM. Moreover, when the attribute weights are completely unknown, the CRITIC method is extended to SFSs to acquire the attribute weights. Finally, SFN-EDAS method is used for quality evaluation of ceramic product modeling design to prove practicability of the developed method and compare SFN-EDAS method with existing methods to further demonstrate its superiority. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the proposal of the "Double First Class" construction concept in Chinese universities, cultivating high-quality talents has become the main direction of university education. At present, local universities in China are actively adapting to the changes of the times, taking the construction of the Double First Class as an opportunity, continuously adjusting and deepening the reform of the double innovation and innovation talent cultivation mode, further improving the curriculum system, increasing investment in professional practical teaching, stimulating students' enthusiasm for innovation and entrepreneurship (IAE), and focusing on improving students' comprehensive abilities, achieving significant results in talent cultivation. The "Entrepreneurship and Entrepreneurship" career ability evaluation of local college students could be considered as multiple attribute decision-making (MADM). Recently, the Combined Compromise Solution (CoCoSo) method and information entropy method was employed to deal with MADM. The triangular fuzzy neutrosophic sets (TFNSs) are employed as a better tool for expressing uncertain information during the "Entrepreneurship and Entrepreneurship" career ability evaluation of local college students. In this paper, the triangular fuzzy neutrosophic number CoCoSo (TFNN-CoCoSo) based on the Hamming distance and Euclid distance is constructed to cope with the MADM under TFNSs. The information entropy method is employed to compute the weight values based on the Hamming distance and Euclid distance under TFNSs. Finally, a numerical example of "Entrepreneurship and Entrepreneurship" career ability evaluation of local college students is constructed and some decision comparisons are constructed to verify the TFNN-CoCoSo method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Ångström–Prescott formula is commonly used in climatological calculation methods of solar radiation simulation. Aiming at the characteristics of a vast area, few meteorological stations, and uneven distribution in the tropical regions of China, in order to obtain the optimal parameters of the global solar radiation calculation model, this study proposes a suitable monthly global solar radiation model based on the single-station approach and the between-groups linkage of the A–P model, which utilizes monthly measured meteorological data from 80 meteorological stations spanning the period from 1996 to 2016 in the tropical zone of China, considering the similarity in changes of monthly sunshine percentage between stations. The applicability and accuracy of the correction parameters (a and b coefficients) were tested and evaluated, and then the modified parameters were extended to conventional meteorological stations through Thiessen polygons. Finally, the spatial distribution of solar radiation in the tropical region of China was simulated by kriging, IDW, and spline interpolation techniques. The results show the following: (1) The single-station model exhibited the highest accuracy in simulating the average annual global solar radiation, followed by the model based on the between-groups linkage. After optimizing the a and b coefficients, the simulation accuracy of the average annual global solar radiation increased by 5.3%, 8.1%, and 4.4% for the whole year, dry season, and wet season, respectively. (2) Through cross-validation, the most suitable spatial interpolation methods for the whole year, dry season, and wet season in the tropical zone of China were IDW, Kriging, and Spline, respectively. This research has positive implications for improving the accuracy of solar radiation prediction and guiding regional agricultural production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the rapid development of the gig economy, the psychological needs of gig workers have gradually attracted attention. The purpose of the study is to explore the relationship between basic psychological need and well-being. Fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) was used to analyze questionnaire data from a sample of 422 DiDi drivers in China. The results show that there are altogether 10 basic psychological need satisfaction combination configurations to improve the well-being of gig workers. In general, Chinese gig workers pay more attention to whether respect and recognition, and occupational planning are met. This study contributes to the literature of basic psychological need and gig workers' well-being in the Chinese context. In the analysis of asymmetric relationship, it has some noticeable advantages, because it allows to explore how basic psychological needs are combined with the necessary and sufficient conditions, so as to form the basis for the well-being of gig workers. It represents a promising new direction for gig workers' well-being. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the deepening reform of the medical and health system, China's community health services are also continuously improving. As the "gatekeeper" of community residents' health, community medical and health services provide basic health protection for community residents. In the final analysis, community medical and health service is a kind of service. In today's era where everyone pursues experience, improving service experience has become an important goal of modern health services. The community medical and health services evaluation is a multi-attribute group decision making (MAGDM) issue. The fuzzy number intuitionistic fuzzy sets (FNIFSs) are used as a tool for characterizing uncertain information during the community medical and health services evaluation. In this paper, a novel MAGDM is built on given CoCoSo method under FNIFSs for community medical and health services evaluation. First of all, this paper extends the CoCoSo to FNIFSs environment to build the fuzzy number intuitionistic fuzzy CoCoSo (FNIF-CoCoSo) method. Secondly, a new MAGDM model for community medical and health services evaluation based on CoCoSo algorithm is built. Finally, the practical example for community medical and health services evaluation to show the practicability and some comparisons are supplied to prove the effectiveness of the decision algorithm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The swift ascension of the sports industry can be attributed to the advancements of the contemporary era, and serves as a significant indication of the industry's progression towards a novel phase and pinnacle. Despite a delayed inception, China's sports industry has experienced a swift evolution and has established a unique developmental framework, thereby establishing a firm groundwork for the prospective growth of China's sports industry. The sports industry of China is currently encountering fresh prospects for growth in the contemporary era. However, it is also confronted with formidable obstacles and strains that necessitate careful handling. To attain novel breakthroughs and advancements, it remains imperative to explore innovative perspectives and avenues. The assessment of the sports industry's high-quality development in the new era is a classic Multiple Attribute Group Decision Making (MAGDM) problem. The TODIM and VIKOR methodologies have been employed in addressing Multiple Attribute Group Decision Making (MAGDM) challenges in current times. Fuzzy number intuitionistic fuzzy sets (FNIFS) serve as a valuable instrument in the characterization of uncertain information for the comprehensive assessment of the high-quality development of the sports industry in the contemporary era. The present manuscript introduces the construction of the fuzzy number intuitionistic fuzzy TODIM-VIKOR (FNIF-TODIM-VIKOR) method, which is designed to address multiple attribute group decision making (MAGDM) problems in the context of fuzzy number intuitionistic fuzzy sets (FNIFSs). Ultimately, a numerical case study is presented to comprehensively evaluate the high-quality development of the sports industry in the new era, in order to validate the proposed methodology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Scientific research management is an important component of university management and an important guarantee for the sustainable operation of universities. A mature scientific research management system is a sharp tool to promote the discipline construction and comprehensive strength improvement of universities. Therefore, colleges and universities should actively explore new concepts, models, and mechanisms for scientific research management while continuously improving their own educational quality. Based on the analysis of the current situation of university scientific research management in China, it is of great significance to explore effective ways to improve the quality of university scientific research management in the new era. The quality evaluation of higher education scientific research management in entrepreneurship undergraduate colleges is a classical MAGDM problems. Recently, the TODIM and VIKOR method has been used to cope with MAGDM issues. The interval-valued Pythagorean fuzzy sets (IVPFSs) are used as a tool for characterizing uncertain information during the quality evaluation of higher education scientific research management in entrepreneurship undergraduate colleges. In this manuscript, the interval-valued Pythagorean fuzzy TODIM-VIKOR (IVPF-TODIM-VIKOR) method is built to solve the MAGDM under IVPFSs. In the end, a numerical case study for quality evaluation of higher education scientific research management in entrepreneurship undergraduate colleges is given to validate the proposed method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Intuitionistic fuzzy Best Worst method (IFBWM) is an effective method to deal with multi-criteria decision making problems via intuitionistic fuzzy reference comparisons of experts, which has attracted increasing attention from different decision fields. However, there are drawbacks in the existing IFBWMs, which can result in unreasoning and incorrect ranking order of criteria or alternatives. To overcome the existing drawbacks of the IFBWMs, we propose a new IFBWM considering the multiplicative consistency of intuitionistic fuzzy reference comparisons. First, combining the multiplicative consistent intuitionistic fuzzy preference relation with the fully multiplicative consistency of the intuitionistic fuzzy reference comparisons, we build the mathematical programming model for obtaining the normalized intuitionistic fuzzy weight vector. Then, we define the concept of the consistency ratio for evaluating the multiplicative consistency of intuitionistic fuzzy reference comparisons. Afterwards, an algorithm for repairing the inconsistency of intuitionistic fuzzy reference comparisons is developed, which only adjust the preference degree of the best criterion over the worst criterion. Subsequently we propose a new IFBWM with the multiplicative consistency. Furthermore, we apply the proposed method to Advanced Mathematics textbooks selection. The computational results show that the consistency ratio is 0.0091, implying the intuitionistic fuzzy reference comparisons are acceptable, and the ranking order of the alternatives C 1 ≻ C 2 ≻ C 4 ≻ C 3 is consistent with the initial judgment of experts and the actual usage of Advanced Mathematics textbooks in universities of China. The computational results of the practical example through the other methods reveal that there are some troubles in the consistency ratio, the weights of alternatives or the ranking order of the alternative. Therefore, the results suggest that the proposed method may have significant effects on the theoretical development and practical application of IFBWM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although several new international brands in the information technology services industry have emerged in China, most previous research on the paths of internationalization taken by Chinese brands has focused on the manufacturing industry. Further exploration of the diversity and novel characteristics of these paths remains necessary. Taking into account the different industries and the interactions among multiple factors that are relevant in this context, supplementary research on the paths of internationalization taken by Chinese brands is also needed. Simultaneously, more research on the mechanisms underlying brand empowerment during the internationalization process is necessary. Based on a theoretical framework for brand empowerment, this article analyzes 61 representative Chinese brands using fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA). This article reveals the following main findings: (1) brand penetration and brand acculturation are two key capabilities with regard to brand internationalization; (2) two modes of brand internationalization are evident in China, i.e., progressive internationalization and leapfrog internationalization; (3) four paths of internationalization can be observed with regard to Chinese brands, including two new paths, i.e., L-S-Cu and P-S-M; and (4) six additional paths are worthy of further exploration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the context of the digital economy, achieving rural industrial revitalization in China hinges on digitization. This study delves into the synergistic mechanisms of diverse factors that contribute to Rural Industrial Revitalization across three dimensions: technology, organization, and environment. To investigate these mechanisms, a combination of the necessary condition analysis method and the fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis method is employed. The research findings indicate that no necessary conditions exist for achieving high-level rural industrial revitalization. However, digital infrastructure and the digital financial environment have a universally significant impact. The study identifies four distinct pathways driving high-level rural industrial revitalization: digitaldriven, digital-government-talentdriven, digital-enterprisedriven, and digital-enterprise-talentdriven. Furthermore, significant variations exist in the driving pathways for rural industrial revitalization among the eastern, central, and western regions of China. By unveiling the multifaceted mechanisms underpinning the revitalization of rural industries, this research provides valuable practical insights for the future development of rural industries in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Green supplier management (GSM) gained significant importance in addressing environmental concerns, promoting resource efficiency, and enhancing eco-efficiency within the green supply chain system. This study presents a systematic review to provide insights into the current research status and prospects in GSM literature. Results indicate that the research about GSM is gaining consistently growing attention over the past decades. However, there exists a regional imbalance in academic research, with a substantial portion of the authors originating from developing countries in China and India. The topics of green supplier selection and evaluation have received considerable attention in academia. In addition, the multi-attribute decision-making methods, such as TOPSIS, VIKOR, and AHP, and some mathematical modeling approaches have played a crucial role in the methodology employed for GSM research. As a fundamental algorithm in the artificial intelligence area, fuzzy sets theory has also been extensively employed in supplier selection and evaluation studies, whereas other big data analysis approaches have received little attention. Considering the inherent risks and uncertainties in the business strategy environment and developing more big data and artificial intelligence techniques represent promising avenues for future research in the field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The knowledge management (KM) sharing process plays an essential role in manufacturing under Green Implementation Network (GIN). This study aims to analyze the KM process of adopting a GIN to determine the relative importance of technical risk minimization. The proposed conceptual model was tested by considering two interrelated concepts (GIN and KM process). Design/methodology/approach: Primary data from manufacturing companies in Henan province, China, were collected through 276 questionnaires. PLS-SEM and fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) were applied to investigate the configurational path of minimizing the technical risk in the manufacturing process. Findings: The findings showed that the GIN and KM processes minimize the technical risk. The fsQCA reported multiple configurational of GIN and KM processes validated toward technical risk reduction. The study's findings contribute to the existing body of knowledge on technical risk reduction in manufacturing concerns by investigating the complex intersection between GIN and KM process. Originality/value: This research adds to current GIN and KM literature by focusing on the green process using a resource-based view (RBV) and socio-technical theories. The current study provides practical and theoretical justification for explaining the relationship between GIN and KM processes. Moreover, this study adds to the literature by providing evidence that KM is an essential manufacturing industry enabler in minimizing technical risk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is a huge number of small and medium-sized enterprises in China, playing an important role in the development of the market economy and being the main body of the real economy. The products and services they create account for more than half of the gross domestic product. At present, China's economy is gradually transitioning from a stage of rapid growth to a stage of high-quality development, and it is necessary to further stimulate its innovation drive and release innovation energy. As a component of the national economy, achieving high-quality development of small and medium-sized enterprises has become one of China's important strategic tasks. At present, the construction of the innovation service system for small and medium-sized enterprises in China is still in the initial stage, and there are still certain problems in the construction that need to be further improved. The core competitiveness evaluation of small and medium sized enterprises is a classical multiple attribute decision making (MADM) problems. Recently, the TODIM and TOPSIS method has been used to cope with MADM issues. The hesitant triangular fuzzy sets (HTFSs) are used as a tool for characterizing uncertain information during the core competitiveness evaluation of small and medium sized enterprises. In this manuscript, the hesitant triangular fuzzy TODIM-TOPSIS (HTF-TODIM-TOPSIS) method is built to solve the MADM under HTFSs. In the end, a numerical case study for core competitiveness evaluation of small and medium sized enterprises is given to validate the proposed method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As an important way to cultivate talents, school-enterprise cooperation is highly praised by the educational and economic circles of all countries. Vocational education spans enterprises and schools, and is an education of cross-border innovation. Vocational schools should make the people they cultivate meet the needs of the market and enterprises, and carry out in-depth school-enterprise cooperation is one of the effective ways. The school-enterprise cooperation between vocational colleges and enterprises makes vocational education more targeted and practical, and plays an important role in the training of skilled talents. It is not only an inevitable requirement for enterprise development and participation in competition, but also an important direction of China's vocational education reform, and is the fundamental outlet for the development of China's vocational education. The performance evaluation of school-enterprise cooperation in vocational colleges is classical multiple-attribute group decision-making (MAGDM) issues. Recently, the TODIM and VIKOR method has been used to solve MAGDM issues. The 2-tuple linguistic Pythagorean fuzzy sets (2TLPFSs) are used as a tool for characterizing uncertain information during the performance evaluation of school-enterprise cooperation in vocational colleges. In this manuscript, we design the 2-tuple linguistic Pythagorean fuzzy TODIM-VIKOR(2TLPF-TODIM-VIKOR) method to solve the MAGDM under 2TLPFSs. In the end, a numerical case study for performance evaluation of school-enterprise cooperation in vocational colleges is given to validate the proposed method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the rapid development of China's construction industry, the competition in the construction industry is becoming increasingly fierce. Enterprises need to continuously improve their competitiveness in the market. Some non-core businesses can be outsourced to professional contractors. At present, contractors have more and more influence on the operation and development of enterprises. Whether it is the construction period or the quality of the project, it will have a greater impact on the operation of the construction project. In the environment of increasingly fierce market competition and increasing project quality requirements, for the construction project contracting enterprises, in order to achieve the goal of low cost and high quality, it is necessary to select the most suitable contractor on the basis of comprehensive consideration of multiple factors. The construction enterprise contractor selection is a classical multiple attribute group decision making (MAGDM) problem. In recent years, the MAGDM problem has become an important research field in modern decision science. This paper extends the EDAS method to the 2-tuple linguistic Pythagorean fuzzy sets (2TLPFSs). On the basis of the original EDAS method, 2-tuple linguistic Pythagorean fuzzy EDAS (2TLPF-EDAS) is built for MAGDM. Finally, a case study for construction enterprise contractor selection and some comparative analysis with the other methods show that the new method proposed in this paper is effective, reasonable and accurate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Classroom teaching is an important link related to the quality of teaching and talent cultivation. In the implementation of classroom teaching, we should fully attach importance to the main position of students, the role of educational technology and information technology in teaching activities, make use of the latest educational ideas and educational concepts, and combine the actual situation of college English teaching and college English teaching in China, and attach importance to foreign language teaching theories and practices at home and abroad, Establish monitoring indicators and monitoring system for college English teaching quality. Under the guidance of effective monitoring indicators, teachers' teaching concepts can be updated and improved in real time to achieve better teaching results. At the same time, the quality assurance and monitoring system of college English teaching can be continuously improved to make it more perfect. The English classroom teaching quality evaluation could be deemed as a classic multiple attribute group decision making (MAGDM) problem. Spherical fuzzy sets (SFSs) can excavate the uncertainty and fuzziness in MAGDM more effectively and deeply. This article we first present a novel score function to compare spherical fuzzy numbers (SFNs) more directly and efficiently. Then, on basis of evaluation based on distance from average solution (EDAS), a novel spherical fuzzy EDAS (SF-EDAS) method is built for dealing with MAGDM. Moreover, when the attribute weights are completely unknown, the MEthod based on the Removal Effects of Criteria (MEREC) is extended to spherical fuzzy environment (SFE) to reasonably acquire the attribute weights. Finally, SF-EDAS approach is used for English classroom teaching quality evaluation to prove practicability of the developed method and compare SF-EDAS method with existing methods to further demonstrate its legitimacy and superiority. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Matrix energy is a valid mathematical tool for representing collective information. However, it is not used in the existing literature for fuzzy sets, intuitionistic fuzzy sets, and multi-attribute group decision making (MAGDM) problems, which highlights research gaps. Motivated by both matrix energy and the research gaps, this study aims to extend matrix energy to the energy of an intuitionistic fuzzy matrix (IFM) and to utilize the IFM energy method in the MAGDM problem, which fully contains all the IFM information on attribute weights, decision maker weights, and attribute values. To achieve these objectives, this paper first proposes IFM energy in terms of the true matrix energy and false matrix energy; then, it develops a MAGDM model using the IFM energy method and the score and accuracy equations of IFM energy. Then, the developed MAGDM model is applied to the selection problem of hospital locations in Shaoxing City, China to demonstrate the practicality and validity of the developed model. Compared with existing intuitionistic fuzzy MAGDM methods, the developed MAGDM model using the IFM energy method reveals its superiority and novelty in complete IFM information expressions and the MAGDM method because the existing MAGDM methods containing intuitionistic fuzzy set information have difficulty tackling MAGDM problems containing all the IFM information on attribute weights, decision maker weights, and attribute values. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The alienation of megaproject environmental responsibility (MER) behavior is destructive, but its mechanism has not been clearly depicted. Based on fraud triangle theory and the fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) method, this study explored the combined effect of antecedent factors on alienation of MER behavior. Design/methodology/approach: Based on the fraud triangle theory and literature review, eight influencing factors associated with the alienation of MER behavior were first identified. Subsequently, the fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis was used in this study to reveal configurations influencing alienation of MER behavior. Findings: The study found nine configurations of MER behavioral alienation antecedent factors, integrated into three types of driving modes, i.e. "economic pressure + learning effect," "institutional defect + moral rejection," and "information asymmetry + economic pressure + expectation pressure." Originality/value: By analyzing the configuration effects of various induced conditions, this study puts forward a comprehensive analysis framework to solve the alienation of MER behavior in the megaprojects and a practical strategy to control alienation of MER behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While China's digital trade is developing rapidly, it is facing the problem of uncoordinated and uneven regional development. In order to explore countermeasures to bridge the differences in regional digital trade, this paper first measures the development level of digital trade in 11 provinces of the Yangtze River Economic Belt through entropy-weighting TOPSIS. Secondly, the fuzzy set Qualitative Comparative Analysis method was used to analyze the influencing factors and improvement paths of digital trade development in various provinces of the Yangtze River Economic Belt. The research results show that: first, the current development level of digital trade is gradually weakening from east to west, especially the development of digital trade in the Yangtze River Delta region is the best, showing a large regional imbalance and uncoordinated development. What's more, the market size and urbanization have the most significant impact on the development of digital trade. Finally, we examine the reliability of the results by sensitivity analysis, and find that our ranking results are robust. In the future, China should continue to actively promote the coordinated development strategy of regional economy and participate in international digital trade exchanges and cooperation, so as to promote the coordinated and high-quality development of digital trade. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the development of socialist market economy, the exhibition industry has emerged as the tertiary industry matures in a globalized economic environment. As a new economic form, the exhibition economy presents new opportunities for economic development. The research on the exhibition industry at home and abroad has been relatively mature, and there has been a scientific analysis of the industrial linkage effect of the exhibition industry. The strong industrial linkage effect has made the exhibition industry occupy a very important position in the economic development of cities. However, in the development of China's urban exhibition industry today, it is no longer a simple question of developing and enhancing the strategic position of the exhibition industry in economic development, but rather a question of how to enhance the competitiveness of China's urban exhibition industry. Only when the level of competitiveness is improved can the economic and social benefits brought by the exhibition industry be brought into full play. The fuzzy comprehensive competitiveness evaluation of urban exhibition industry is a classical multiple attribute decision making (MADM) problems. Recently, the TODIM and VIKOR method has been used to cope with MAGDM issues. The hesitant fuzzy sets (HFSs) are used as a tool for characterizing uncertain information during the fuzzy comprehensive competitiveness evaluation of urban exhibition industry. In this manuscript, the hesitant fuzzy TODIM-VIKOR (HF-TODIM-VIKOR) method is built to solve the MADM under HFSs. In the end, a numerical case study for fuzzy comprehensive competitiveness evaluation of urban exhibition industry is given to validate the proposed method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Computer network security evaluation is a basic work to determine the security performance of the network system and implement the network security management. It involves organizational management, network technology, personnel psychology, social environment and other factors. In recent years, with the rapid development of information technology in China, the problem of computer network security has become increasingly prominent. Although domestic and foreign scholars have sought effective methods of network security evaluation from different aspects and using different methods, many factors involved in network security are difficult to quantify, so far, there is no relatively mature quantitative evaluation method of network security. The computer network security evaluation is classical multiple attribute decision making (MADM) problems. In this article, based on projection measure, we shall introduce the projection models with q-rung orthopair fuzzy information. First of all, the definition of q-rung orthopair fuzzy sets (q-ROFSs) is introduced. In addition, to fuse overall q-rung orthopair fuzzy evaluation information, two aggregation operators including q-ROFWA and q-ROFWG operators is introduced. Furthermore, combine projection with q-ROFSs, we develop the projection models with q-rung orthopair fuzzy information. Based on developed weighted projection models, the multiple attribute decision making model is established and all computing steps are simply depicted. Finally, a numerical example for computer network security evaluation is given to illustrate this new model and some comparisons between the new proposed models and q-ROFWA and q-ROFWG operators are also conducted to illustrate advantages of the new built method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tourism is the most culturally loaded industry. In the new era, China's tourism industry is developing rapidly and the public's need for diversified culture is growing. The integration of culture and tourism, the development of new forms of cultural tourism industry, is also an important means to enhance the country's cultural soft power, promote the development of China's tourism culture, and solve the contradiction between cultural supply and demand. The industrial competitiveness evaluation of regional cultural tourism is looked as the multiple attribute group decision-making (MAGDM) problem. This paper proposed extended MARCOS method in probabilistic hesitant fuzzy sets (PHFSs) circumstance. Meanwhile, the CRITIC method is used to evaluate the criterion weights. Then we give a case study for industrial competitiveness evaluation of regional cultural tourism to measure the novel model's validity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to the increasingly strengthened role of finance in modern economic development, theoretical research on regional financial competitiveness in the study of regional economic competitiveness becomes very important. For China at this stage, finance is in a period of rapid development, and its role has penetrated into all aspects of social and economic life. Especially after China's entry into the WTO, the pace of opening up the financial market has been further accelerated, and comprehensive evaluation and analysis of financial competitiveness is of great significance for comprehensively understanding and accurately grasping China's national conditions, national strength, and international competitiveness, promoting the long-term growth of China's financial competitiveness, and the sustainable development of the financial industry. The competitiveness evaluation of regional financial centers is looked as the multiple attribute decision-making (MADM) problem. This paper intends to propose a MADM methodology based on CoCoSo (Combined Compromise Solution) method under interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy sets (IVIFSs) for sustainable competitiveness evaluation of regional financial centers. At the end of this study, we noticed to a comparison between the proposed IVIF-CoCoSo approach with other existing methods to verify the effectiveness of the algorithm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study explores configurations that promote the development of collective economies in China's rural villages and reveals the multiple development pathways that otherwise remain relatively unexamined in the literature. Design/methodology/approach: The authors obtained first-hand representative case data from 20 villages in 12 counties in 5 provinces in East, West and Central China via fieldwork and applied fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) to conduct a configurational comparative study of the development of village collective economies. Findings: This paper identifies five factors in the current literature that affect the development of village collectives, based on an "entrepreneur–situation" analytical framework. Using the fsQCA method, this study further obtains two main configurations of conditions that culminate in the growth of rural collective economies in China. The first solution is the "top-down path": When entrepreneurial leadership (EL), resource endowment (RE) and government assistance (GA) are present, a village collective economy will experience a high level of development, irrespective of policy support (PS) and villagers' participation (VP). The second solution is the "bottom-up path": When EL, VP and PS are present and GA is not present, a village collective economy will experience a high level of development, irrespective of RE. In both situations, EL stands out as the core condition for the development of village collective economies, implying the need for the government to vigorously cultivate the entrepreneurial skills and aspirations of village cadres. Originality/value: Taking a configurational perspective and using an fsQCA approach, this research constructs an "entrepreneur–situation" analytical framework to investigate the key combinations of factors and pathways involved in the high level of development of Chinese village collective economies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

At present, the basic pension insurance system for urban and rural residents in China has played a positive role in guaranteeing the basic life of the elderly in urban and rural areas. At present, the basic pension insurance system for urban and rural residents is not perfect, and there is still a great lag in the formulation of cross-system and cross-regional policies. There are differences in treatment between groups, between regions and between urban and rural areas. The coverage is not comprehensive enough and there are still some people who are not included in the basic protection system, etc. People urgently need a social pension insurance system that can provide reliable and sustainable protection in their old age. The operational efficiency evaluation of urban and rural residents' basic pension insurance systems is viewed as the multi-attribute decision-making (MADM). In this paper, the triangular fuzzy neutrosophic numbers grey relational analysis (TFNN-GRA) method is built based on the traditional grey relational analysis (GRA) and triangular fuzzy neutrosophic sets (TFNSs). Finally, a numerical example for operational efficiency evaluation of urban and rural residents' basic pension insurance systems has been given and some comparisons are used to illustrate advantages of 2TLNN-GRA method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]