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Background: Fundus photography is the most important examination in eye disease screening. A facilitated self-service eye screening pattern based on the fully automatic fundus camera was developed in 2022 in Shanghai, China; it may help solve the problem of insufficient human resources in primary health care institutions. However, the service quality and residents' preference for this new pattern are unclear., Objective: This study aimed to compare the service quality and residents' preferences between facilitated self-service eye screening and traditional manual screening and to explore the relationships between the screening service's quality and residents' preferences., Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study in Shanghai, China. Residents who underwent facilitated self-service fundus disease screening at one of the screening sites were assigned to the exposure group; those who were screened with a traditional fundus camera operated by an optometrist at an adjacent site comprised the control group. The primary outcome was the screening service quality, including effectiveness (image quality and screening efficiency), physiological discomfort, safety, convenience, and trustworthiness. The secondary outcome was the participants' preferences. Differences in service quality and the participants' preferences between the 2 groups were compared using chi-square tests separately. Subgroup analyses for exploring the relationships between the screening service's quality and residents' preference were conducted using generalized logit models., Results: A total of 358 residents enrolled; among them, 176 (49.16%) were included in the exposure group and the remaining 182 (50.84%) in the control group. Residents' basic characteristics were balanced between the 2 groups. There was no significant difference in service quality between the 2 groups (image quality pass rate: P=.79; average screening time: P=.57; no physiological discomfort rate: P=.92; safety rate: P=.78; convenience rate: P=.95; trustworthiness rate: P=.20). However, the proportion of participants who were willing to use the same technology for their next screening was significantly lower in the exposure group than in the control group (P<.001). Subgroup analyses suggest that distrust in the facilitated self-service eye screening might increase the probability of refusal to undergo screening (P=.02)., Conclusions: This study confirms that the facilitated self-service fundus disease screening pattern could achieve good service quality. However, it was difficult to reverse residents' preferences for manual screening in a short period, especially when the original manual service was already excellent. Therefore, the digital transformation of health care must be cautious. We suggest that attention be paid to the residents' individual needs. More efficient man-machine collaboration and personalized health management solutions based on large language models are both needed., (©Senlin Lin, Yingyan Ma, Yanwei Jiang, Wenwen Li, Yajun Peng, Tao Yu, Yi Xu, Jianfeng Zhu, Lina Lu, Haidong Zou. Originally published in the Journal of Medical Internet Research (https://www.jmir.org), 17.04.2024.)

Eye diseases impose a significant burden on health services due to high case numbers. However, exposure to outdoor air pollution is seldom mentioned as potential harmful factor. We conducted a time-series analysis in Rome, Italy, to estimate the association between daily mean concentration of NO 2 , PM 10 and PM 2.5 and daily number of emergency room (ER) admissions for a selected cluster of eye diseases from 2006 to 2016. We used Poisson regression adjusted for time trend, population decrease during summer vacations and holidays, day of week, apparent temperature (hot and cold) and daily concentration of nine pollen species. We observed 581,868 ER admissions during the study period. 44.74% of cases were observed in subjects with less than 20 years, 19.50% in 51-65 age category and 13.4% among children (0-14 years). No differences between sexes were recorded. Mean values of pollutant concentrations were 54.75, 31.01 and 18.14 μg/m 3 for NO 2 , PM 10 and PM 2.5 respectively. The air temperature ranged from -1 °C to 32.5 °C, with a mean value of 16 °C (SD = 6.88). The apparent temperature spaced from -3.58 °C to 34.08 °C (mean = 15.61 °C, SD = 8.5). The highest percent risk increases for 10 μg/m 3 increases of the three pollutants were observed at lag0-1 day (1.3%, 0.63-1.98 for PM 2.5 ; 1.03%, 0.56-1.51 for PM 10 and 0.6%, 0.13-1.07 for NO 2 ). Risk increased significantly also at lag0 and lag0-5 day for each pollutant. Secondary analyses showed higher effects in the elderly compared to younger subjects. No differences emerged between sexes. The dose response analysis suggested of possible effects on ER admission risk also at low-level concentrations of PM 2.5 . A strong confounding effect of pollen was not detected. RESULTS: of this study are coherent with previous analyses. Speculation can be done about the biological mechanisms that link air pollution to eye damage., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Aims and objctives To analyse the association of psychosocial adaptation with quality of life and to examine the influential factors for Chinese people with visual impairments. Background The status of psychosocial adaptation is the main influential factor for quality of life. The correlation between psychosocial adaptation and quality of life for various diseases has been studied previously. However, there have been few reports on the impact of psychosocial adaptation on quality of life in people with visual impairments. Design Survey. Methods In this study, subjects with visual impairment ( n = 213) were interviewed to assess their demographics, disease-related information, psychosocial adaptation status and quality of life. The psychosocial adaptation questionnaire and quality of life scale for visually impaired patients were used to survey psychosocial adaptation and quality of life. Correlation and multiple stepwise regression analyses were used to study the association of psychosocial adaptation with quality of life in visually impaired patients. Results Psychosocial adaptation was significantly associated with quality of life, including the sense of belonging and psychological dimensions. The results also showed that there was statistical significance for the impact of occupational status, payment, monthly income (family), vision classification and psychosocial adaptation on quality of life, and the status of psychosocial adaptation was the main factor affecting the quality of life in people with visual impairments. Conclusion It was found that the status of psychosocial adaptation was conspicuously associated with multiple dimensions of quality of life. Therefore, psychosocial adaptation status should be given close attention in clinical care. Relevance to clinical practice Our results could be used to guide nurses in making a plan for health education and nursing that improves the quality of life for the visually impaired. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To describe the rationale, design, methodology and baseline characteristics of the Handan Eye Study (HES), a population-based study to determine the prevalence and impact of visual impairment and major ocular diseases in Chinese adults living in a rural region north China. Methods: Population-based, cross-sectional study. 6830 Han people aged 30 years and older from 13 villages of Yongnian County, Handan city, Hebei province, China were recruited. The interviews covered demographic, behavioral, and ocular risk factors as well as health-related and vision-related quality of life. Ocular examination included measurement of visual acuity (VA), intraocular pressure, anterior and posterior segment examinations, visual field testing, and anterior segment, fundus and optic disc photography/imaging. Physical examination included measurement of height and weight, blood pressure, electrocardiogram, fasting blood glucose, lipid levels, urea nitrogen and creatinine as well as tests of physical function including walking speed. Results: Of the 7557 individuals eligible for the Handan Eye Study (HES), 6830 (90.4%) subjects participated the study. The majority of participants were female (53.6%), the average (± standard deviation) age was 52.3 (± 12.3) years, and 100% were self-identified Han people. In contrast to the non-participants, those who participated were more likely to be female, elderly, married, and had more years of education (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The HES successfully examined over 90% of eligible Han Chinese adults aged 30 and older from a rural region of north China. Results from the HES will provide key information about the prevalence, risk factors, impact, and trends of ocular disease in rural regions of China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To investigate the national burden of eye diseases in China from 1990 to 2019. The national burden of eye diseases in China, including case numbers, prevalence rate, age-standardized prevalence rate (ASR), disability-adjusted life year (DALY), DALY rate and age-standardized DALY rate (ASD) were calculated and stratified by sex and age. The trends of eye diseases burden from 1990 to 2019 and the correlation between eye diseases burden and human development index (HDI) were analyzed. In 2019, the total case number of eye diseases in China was 0.21 billion, the ASR was 9511/10, the total number of DALY was 4.72 million, and the ASD was 247.4/10. Near vision loss caused the greatest burden, followed by refraction disorders and cataract, with ASD being 73.8/10, 70.3/10 and 59.2/10, respectively. Men had lower risks of eye diseases than women. People aged old and old had the greatest burden of eye diseases. Compared with the year 1990, the total case number increased by 134.6% and DALY by 113.0% in 2019. The ASD of all decreased by 7.5%, and was negatively correlated with national HDI. Near vision loss, refraction disorders and cataract are of heavy disease burden in China. Although the ASD of eye diseases is decreased with the development of the national socioeconomic status, the eye diseases burden in China still increased with population growth and aging.

Background: To describe the study design, methodology and baseline characteristics of the Dongguan Eye Study., Design: Population-based, cross-sectional study, Participants: A total of 8952 rural-dwelling residents aged 40 years or older in Hengli, Dongguan., Methods: The Dongguan Eye Study was conducted from September 2011 to February 2012. The interview covered demographic data, socio-economic status and health- and vision-related quality of life. Physical measurements included height, weight, waist and hip circumference, heart rate and blood pressure. Laboratory tests included fasting blood glucose, haemoglobin A1c, oral glucose tolerance, serum total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen and uric acid. Ophthalmic examinations included visual acuity and autorefraction testing, intraocular pressure measurement, slit-lamp examination, ocular biometry, gonioscopy, fundus photography, retinal nerve fibre layer imaging and visual field testing., Main Outcome Measures: Prevalence and risk factors for visual impairment, blindness, eye diseases and their associations with systemic medical indicators or health-related lifestyles, as well as epidemiological data on diabetic subjects. Methodology, response rates and baseline characteristics are presented., Results: Of the 11 357 individuals eligible for the Dongguan Eye Study, 8952 (78.82%) subjects participated. All participants were self-identified Han Chinese. The average age was 54.0 years, 59.9% were female, 48.4% were farmers and 77.2% had elementary or junior middle school educational levels. The average body mass index and waist-hip ratio were 24.6 ± 3.9 kg/m(2) and 0.9 ± 0.2., Conclusions: Data from the Dongguan Eye Study provide information concerning the prevalence, risk factors and impacts of eye diseases in rural residents undergoing urbanization in southern China., (© 2015 Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Ophthalmologists.)