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Background: In the modern era of antibiotics, healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) have emerged as a prominent and concerning health threat worldwide. Implementing an electronic surveillance system for healthcare-associated infections offers the potential to not only alleviate the manual workload of clinical physicians in surveillance and reporting but also enhance patient safety and the overall quality of medical care. Despite the widespread adoption of healthcare-associated infections surveillance systems in numerous hospitals across China, several challenges persist. These encompass incomplete coverage of all infection types in the surveillance, lack of clarity in the alerting results provided by the system, and discrepancies in sensitivity and specificity that fall short of practical expectations. Methods: We design and develop a knowledge-based healthcare-associated infections surveillance system (KBHAIS) with the primary goal of supporting clinicians in their surveillance of HAIs. The system operates by automatically extracting infection factors from both structured and unstructured electronic health data. Each patient visit is represented as a tuple list, which is then processed by the rule engine within KBHAIS. As a result, the system generates comprehensive warning results, encompassing infection site, infection diagnoses, infection time, and infection probability. These knowledge rules utilized by the rule engine are derived from infection-related clinical guidelines and the collective expertise of domain experts. Results: We develop and evaluate our KBHAIS on a dataset of 106,769 samples collected from 84,839 patients at Gansu Provincial Hospital in China. The experimental results reveal that the system achieves a sensitivity rate surpassing 0.83, offering compelling evidence of its effectiveness and reliability. Conclusions: Our healthcare-associated infections surveillance system demonstrates its effectiveness in promptly alerting patients to healthcare-associated infections. Consequently, our system holds the potential to considerably diminish the occurrence of delayed and missed reporting of such infections, thereby bolstering patient safety and elevating the overall quality of healthcare delivery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, with the development of pelagic fishing, the working environment and monitoring of crew (squid jigger) members have become increasingly important. However, traditional methods of pelagic human observers suffer from high costs, low coverage, poor timeliness, and susceptibility to subjective factors. In contrast, the Electronic Monitoring System (EMS) has advantages such as continuous operation under various weather conditions; more objective, transparent, and efficient data; and less interference with fishing operations. This paper shows how the 3DCNN model, LSTM+ResNet model, and TimeSformer model are applied to video-classification tasks, and for the first time, they are applied to an EMS. In addition, this paper tests and compares the application effects of the three models on video classification, and discusses the advantages and challenges of using them for video recognition. Through experiments, we obtained the accuracy and relevant indicators of video recognition using different models. The research results show that when NUM_FRAMES is set to 8, the LSTM+ResNet-50 model has the best performance, with an accuracy of 88.47%, an F 1 score of 0.8881, and an m a p score of 0.8133. Analyzing the EMS for pelagic fishing can improve China's performance level and management efficiency in pelagic fishing, and promote the development of the fishery knowledge service system and smart fishery engineering. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a necessary part of all electronic devices, equipment and systems, electronic components play a vital role in the global economy. Since the corrosion of a single electronic component may directly affect the normal operation of the entire electronic system, the failure of electronic components has now become the most important cause of electrical system failure and has become a major obstacle to China's transformation into a scientific and technological power. Therefore, it is urgent to study the corrosion failure process of electronic components and the means of effective protection. In this paper, starting from the corrosion types and influencing factors of electronic components, especially chips, we introduce the influence of humidity, temperature, salt spray, and environmental particles, as well as the device's own surface roughness, material adhesion, semiconductor materials, metal coupling system, and lead-free solder system on corrosion performance in the environment. Subsequently, this paper summarizes how to protect electronic components during processing, and sums up the types of electronic component protections, and the specific corrosion protection process for the three commonly used types of chips, namely, the indium antimonide InSb chip, the IC chip, and the Sn–Zn solder chip, for reference. Finally, future development trends in the corrosion protection of electronic components are anticipated and summarized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In accordance with the second phase construction blueprint for the China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS-II), the proposal includes the establishment of a single crystal neutron diffractometer. This apparatus necessitates a neutron detector array spanning over 1 m2 and capable of covering neutron diffraction angles from 20° to 160°. Additionally, the detector's position resolution must better than 1 mm × 1 mm. To meet such requirements, a scintillator neutron detector based on the Anger-Camera principle was designed. The detector is composed of a 6LiF/ZnS (Ag) scintillation screen, optical guide, silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) array and self-design composite compression readout electronic systems. A detector prototype, featuring a detection area of 50 mm × 50 mm, was fabricated and subjected to testing at the BL20 neutron test line in the China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS). The detector system achieved an optimal position resolution of 0.6 mm, while the maximum count rate was approximately 20 kHz. Moreover, the detector's Bragg edge imaging capability was preliminarily investigated using stainless steel samples, demonstrating its future potential for Bragg edge transmission imaging. The proposed detector demonstrates promising potential as a candidate for the single crystal diffractometer in CSNS-II. • Development of a novel position-sensitive scintillator neutron detector utilizing the Anger-Camera principle. • Composition includes a 300 μm thick 6LiF/ZnS (Ag) scintillation screen, 5 mm air light guide, SiPM array, and advanced compression circuit readout electronics. • Demonstrated performance with a high position resolution of 0.6 mm and maximum counting rate of 20 Kcps in neutron beam experiments. • Successful application in acquiring the Bragg edge transmission spectrum of 316L stainless steel, suggesting potential for preliminary crystal structure identification in metals. • Outperforms traditional 3He PSD tubes in position resolution, enhancing capabilities for neutron scattering applications. • Meets crucial specifications for various diffractometers, poised to facilitate future neutron instrument development and research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

China has always considered the improvement of youth physical quality as one of the key steps in the talent training program, and universities have always followed the national policy to change the quantity and quality of sports equipment. This study mainly focuses on the development of sports equipment management system in colleges and universities. By building a scientific sports equipment management system, the efficiency of sports equipment management process is improved and the difficulty of managers' work is reduced. The construction of the sports equipment management system is a comprehensive information service platform created specifically for sports administrators. The main function is to help sports equipment administrators obtain information on equipment management, and it is an electronic system that can obtain the status of sports equipment use through certain instructions, providing an example for sports equipment management in China's universities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the field of modern bidding, electronic bidding leads a new trend of development, convenience and efficiency and other significant advantages effectively promote the reform and innovation of China's bidding field. Nowadays, most systems require a strong and trusted third party to guarantee the integrity and security of the system. However, with the development of blockchain technology and the rise of privacy protection, researchers has begun to emphasize the core concept of decentralization. This paper introduces a decentralized electronic bidding system based on blockchain and smart contract. The system uses blockchain to replace the traditional database and uses chaincode to process business logic. In data interaction, encryption techniques such as zero-knowledge proof based on graph isomorphism are used to improve privacy protection, which improves the anonymity of participants, the privacy of data transmission, and the traceability and verifiable of data. Compared with other electronic bidding systems, this system is more secure and efficient, and has the nature of anonymous operation, which fully protects the privacy information in the bidding process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Flavored rapeseed oil (FRO) is a typical hot‐pressed oil and is widely consumed in China due to its strong characteristic flavor and intensive color. In this study, volatile profiles of 33 representative commercial rapeseed oils in China are characterized by gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry (GC‐MS) and flash gas chromatography (GC) electronic nose system. 51 volatile compounds are identified and the nitriles (methallyl cyanide and 5‐cyano‐1‐pentene), aldehydes (nonanal, 3‐furaldehyde, and 5‐methyl‐2‐furancarboxaldehyde), alcohols (1,5‐hexadien‐3‐ol, 2‐furanmethanol, and phenylethyl alcohol), and pyrazines (2,5‐dimethyl‐pyrazine and 2,6‐dimethyl‐pyrazine) are the major volatile compounds in FROs. Glucosinolate degradation products account for the highest proportion of these volatiles, which are found to have a positive correlation with the erucic acid content (R2 = 0.796, p < 0.01). FRO from Sichuan province in the southwest of China can be characterized by the obvious distinctions in flash GC electronic nose combined with principal component analysis, which indicates that the flash GC electronic nose can be used as a promising method to identify the origins of FRO. Practical Applications: This work is helpful for expanding the knowledge of volatiles of commercial flavored rapeseed oil. The data can also serve as a basis for the quality assessment of hot‐pressed rapeseed oil. Meanwhile, the flash GC electronic nose combined with principal component analysis can be used as a promising method for the classification of flavor rapeseed oil production areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Experimental teaching demonstration center is an important base for colleges and universities to organize high-level experimental teaching and cultivate students, innovative thinking and practical ability. National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Communication and Information System in University of Electronic Science and Technology of China takes talent cultivation as the target, and actively promotes experimental teaching reform. It has constructed the ' 3 + 4 + 5 ' experimental teaching system, that is a multi-level, multi-module, inter-connected, scientific and systematic system. It is based on capability cultivation. The center has also formed pluralistic experimental teaching methods combining autonomous teaching, cooperative teaching, research teaching and network teaching. Mean while, the center has built the experimental teaching management system, optimized the experimental technical team, fully played the demonstration and leading role, and effectively improved the level of experimental teaching and the quality of talent training. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tourist congestion at hot spots has been a major management concern for UNESCO World Heritage Sites and other iconic protected areas. A growing number of heritage sites employ technologies, such as cameras and electronic ticket-checking systems, to monitor user levels, but data collected by these monitoring technologies are often under-utilized. In this study, we illustrated how to integrate data from hot spots by camera-captured monitoring and entrance counts to manage use levels at a World Heritage Site in Southeastern China. 6,930 photos of a congestion hotspot (scenic outlook on a trail) were collected within the park at a 10-minute interval over 105 days from January to November 2017. The entrance counts were used to predict daily average and maximum use level at the hotspots. Results showed that the average use level at the congestion hotspot did not exceed the use limit mandated by the park administration agency. However, from 9:20 am to 12:00 pm, the use level at hotspots exceeded visitor preferred use level. Visitor use level was significantly higher at the hotspot during a major Chinese “Golden Week”. The daily entrance counts significantly predicted the average and maximum use level at the hotspot. Based on our findings, park managers can achieve the management goals by permitting the corresponding number of visitors passing the entrances. The gap manifested the complexities in visitor capacity management at high-use World Heritage Sites and other protected areas and calls for innovative monitoring and management strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents updates on the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Communications Society (IEEE ComSoc). The IEEE/CIC International Conference on Communications in China is a freshly formed international conference series by the IEEE ComSoc in alliance with the China Institute of Communications (CIC) with the goal of a realistic globalization.

Purpose: Free amino acids (FAAs) and peptides, and dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) comprise key pools in terrestrial soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycles. A comparative study of organic and conventional arable farming systems was conducted in Shanghai, China to determine the influence of management practices on characterization of AA and peptide dynamics. Materials and methods: Soils from an accredited organic farm (OS), transitional farm (TS), and neighboring conventionally managed farm (CS) were sampled from agricultural areas in Shanghai, China, and the AA and peptide behavior of top soils were evaluated by C labeled techniques. Results and discussion: Results showed that organic management resulted in significant increases ( P < 0.05) in AA and peptide rate acquisition, possibly due to higher soil organic C (SOC) and soil respiration in OS, compared to TS and CS. The half-life of valine (Val), valine-proline-proline (Val-Pro-Pro), glutamate (Glu), and glutamate-phenylalanine (Glu-Phe) averaged across the three soils (OS, TS, and CS) was 10.6 ± 2.3, 9.4 ± 2.2, 7.1 ± 1.9, and 6.7 ± 1.5 h, respectively. The relative AA and peptide C amounts partitioned into respiration (15-32% of total) versus biomass production (68-85% of total C) was also affected by management strategy and generally followed the order CS>TS>OS; OS was significantly different from TS and CS; however, a significant difference was not detected between TS and CS. We hypothesize that AA and peptide mineralization acts as a purely biological process, as CHCl fumigation and autoclaving resulted in no observable mineralization. Results showed that AA and peptide addition to soil resulted in rapid N mineralization and subsequent NO-N production, which followed a progression based on soil N mineralization rate of OS>TS>CS. AAs and peptides were only weakly sorbed onto the soil solid phase; however, our results suggested that this did not limit soil bioavailability. Conclusions: The results of our study indicated that soil management regimes have a substantial effect on AA and peptide behavior (mineralization, microbial uptake, and sorption, among other attributes) in horticultural production systems. Therefore, we propose that SOC and total microbial activity are likely key determinants governing AA and peptide behavior in horticultural soils. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this letter, two multi-baseline differential synthetic aperture radar (SAR) interferometry (DInSAR) techniques, high-coherent point (HCP) and interferometric point target analysis (IPTA), were applied to monitor the displacement of Lantau Highway as an example of a large-scale artificial linear feature (LALF), using 17 ENVISAT advanced synthetic aperture radar (ASAR) images. The phase ramp was exploited and removed, combining the merits of two different model coherence functions when sparse HCP candidates were encountered. Then, two velocity fields from the advanced DInSAR methods were compared and analysed. The results indicate that the improved HCP method could generate a smoother deformation trend than the IPTA approach at the expense of losing detail information. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mapping rice cropping areas with optical remote sensing is often a challenge in tropical and subtropical regions because of frequent cloud cover and rainfall during the rice growing season. Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) is a potential alternative for rice mapping because of its all-weather imaging capabilities. The recent Phased Array-type L-band SAR (PALSAR) sensor onboard the Advanced Land Observing Satellite (ALOS) acquires multipolarization and multitemporal images that are highly suitable for rice mapping. In this pilot study, we demonstrate the feasibility of this sensor in mapping the rice planting area in Zhejiang Province, southeast China. High-resolution ALOS/PALSAR images were acquired at three rice growing stages (transplanting, tillering and heading) and were applied in a support vector machine (SVM) classifier to map rice and other land use surfaces. The results show that, based on the 1:10 000 land use/land cover (LULC) survey map, the rice fields can be mapped with a conditional Kappa value of 0.87 and at user's and producer's accuracies of 90% and 76%, respectively. The large commission error primarily came from confusion between rice and dryland crops or orchards because of their similar backscatter amplitudes in the rice growing season. The relatively high rice mapping accuracy in this study indicates that the new ALOS/PALSAR data could provide useful information in rice cropping management in subtropical regions such as southeast China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is important to accurately predict annual background nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions (BNE) at a national scale due to the considerable contribution of these emissions to the overall N2O emissions from croplands. We predicted the national background N2O emissions (BNE_n) from croplands in China in the year 2000 within a geographical information system (GIS) framework. The spatial resolution was 10 km × 10 km. The BNE_n was predicted as the sum of two parts. One part was from mineral soils, estimated using four monovariate models based on soil total nitrogen content (TN) and soil organic carbon content (SOC), while the other part was from organic soils, estimated by directly extrapolating the default IPCC () emission factor of 8 kg N ha−1 yr−1 to the area of organic soils, which consisted of less than 0.2% of the total area in national croplands. Our estimates showed that the hectare-based annual background N2O emission rates (BNE_h) <0.1, 0.1–2.0, and >2.0 kg N ha−1 yr−1 occurred in 11–24%, 71–84%, and 3–5% of national croplands, respectively. A spatial distribution pattern of grid-based background emissions (BNE_g), different from that of BNE_h, was revealed. High BNE_g (>6,000 kg N grid−1 yr−1) occurred in the major agricultural regions of Northeastern, Northern, Eastern, and Middle China. The simulation based on soil properties yielded estimates of 99.0–116.9 Gg (1 Gg = 109 g) N yr−1 for BNE_n, of which organic soils contributed 1.5–1.8%. Among the different models, the model based on TN yielded the smallest uncertainty (ranging from −22% to 30%). We recommend this model for BNE estimation at a national scale. Our estimates of BNE_n accounted for 26–30% of the total N2O emissions from the croplands in China. Methods for improving BNE predictions were proposed for further study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cinrad is the acronym describing China's next-generation weather radar that inherits the technology of the US national weather system Nexrad (WSR-88D) through a joint agreement between the two countries. More than 100 Cinrad systems have currently been deployed in China, but challenges exist for their wider application. The data quality assessment and the development of quantitative precipitation estimation for flood risk management will pose a significant challenge as the national system is both commissioned and further developed. This paper is based on an assessment of the data quality of a Cinrad system deployed in southern China and describes aspects of the initial data quality-control procedure. Precipitation was estimated for the Liuxihe River basin using 11 observed storms. The data quality-control procedure presented in this paper has four components, including volume-scan data, missing-data interpolation, abnormal-reflectivity detection and correction and fine-day reflectivity removal. The results indicate that the radar-estimated precipitation is consistent with that measured by conventional rain-gauge networks; also radar estimated precipitation can provide a better representation of the spatial distribution of the precipitation over the whole basin, and thereby has the potential to improve flood forecasting and warning systems. Given the importance of flooding to China, the continued quantitative development of the radar system is of national importance, particularly in terms of the tropical-cyclone-induced flooding prevalent in south China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Service integration is an important issue in service-oriented computing. As an infrastructure for service-oriented architectures, the enterprise service bus (ESB) has been regarded as a promising way to support dynamic and agile service, integration in distributed heterogeneous environments. The authors' ESB framework for large-scale service integration, JTangSynergy, adopts several mechanisms for providing effective and efficient dependability. It enables automated recovery from component failures and robust execution of composite services by checking service compatibility. The authors tested JTangSynergy in the Chinese Healthcare Service Integration project. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The review article gives an overview on librarianship in China. As first it discusses cultural history, economic, social and cultural issues, then introduces Chinese librarianship through its library networks: national library, public libraries, with a focus on the Shanghai PL; the national network higher education and special libraries, as well as school libraries. The most important developments and nation-wide services, large library projects are described as well (digital library projects in more detail), and so are library education, library-related research and professional journals. Librarianship in China - as the country itself - shows contradictory features: China is a developing country struggling with many problems, and at the same time a speedily developing super power that has important achievements, especially in the fields of information provision. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

By integrating the vehicle tracking system, discrete-event simulation algorithm, and evolutionary optimization algorithm, we developed HKCONSIM-Realtime, a decision-support platform created specifically for handling ready-mixed concrete operations. This platform is capable of (1) tracking the positions of concrete trucks and monitoring the motion and status of concrete deliveries in real time, (2) transforming the tracking records into data that provide updated input to simulation, and (3) optimizing the operations and logistics of concrete production based on simulation of the production system using the most current data. This paper presents an overview of the design and development of (1) the hardware and software modules, (2) the data flow and processing throughout the system, and (3) the role of the system in providing interactive, effective support for the human operator to attain cost efficiency. Case studies are given to demonstrate the functionality and application of the prototype system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Among the single-Doppler radar wind analysis methods, the velocity–azimuth display (VAD), velocity–azimuth process (VAP), and uniform-wind (UW) methods are widely used because of their simplicity. This paper shows that the VAD, VAP, and UW methods can all be derived from the same relationship based on the azimuthal uniform-wind assumption. Using this assumption, an integrating VAP (IVAP) method is developed that can provide a smoother wind field than the VAP and UW methods and a higher resolution than the VAD method. Using the IVAP technique, the wind fields associated with a heavy rainfall case in Shanghai, China, are retrieved and compared with those from surface observations and wind-profiler data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: This paper introduces a model and corresponding software for modeling China''s Energy Requirements and the CO2 Emissions Analysis System (CErCmA). Based on the input–output approach, CErCmA was designed for scenario analysis of energy requirements and CO2 emissions to support policymakers, planners and others strategically plan for energy demands and environmental protection in China. In the system, major drivers of energy consumption are identified as technology, population, economy and urbanization; scenarios are based on the major driving forces that represent various growth paths. The input–output approach is employed to compute energy requirements and CO2 emissions under each scenario. The development of CErCmA is described in a case study: China''s energy requirements and CO2 emissions in 2010 and 2020 are computed based on the input–output table of 1997. The results show that China''s energy needs and related CO2 emissions will grow exponentially even with many energy efficiency improvements, and that it will be hard for China to maintain its advantage of low per capita emissions in the next 20 years. China''s manufacturing and transportation sectors should be the two major sectors to implement energy efficiency improvements. Options for improving this model are also presented in this paper. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

The purpose of this study is to review current research activities concerning information systems (IS) in mainland China. We thus examined Chinese IS research with reference to discipline, research topic, research method, and units of analysis, identifying and reviewing a total of 604 research papers, published in 18 leading Chinese academic journals from 1999 to 2003. The results show that: (I) IS itself represents the major theoretical reference of the studies; (2) the IS research in China has clearly focused on organizational and system/software issues; (3) non-empirical studies were dominant in the field of IS research in China; and (4) the majority of studies were conducted at an organizational or systemic level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article introduces the most advanced form of electronic chart display and information systems (ECDIS) which complies with the performance standards for ECDIS established by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) and International Hydrographic Organization (IHO). It also describes the key features and the important functions of ECDIS, which we developed. This system is different from the productions developed by C-map, Seven-cs, offshore, and others. It is more suitable for China Marine Safety Administration Bureau to manage the navigation marks real-time. Using this system charts were located and accessed rapidly, and displayed smoothly. This article also discusses in ECDIS application system how to dynamically access and desert charts data in a limited memory (limited computer memory and resource). We constructed a tridimensional structure to manage a large amount of charts data. Vertically, according to the scale range, all charts were divided into eight levels, and a data structure called as “Multiple Scale Quad-tree” was constructed. And horizontally, a grid (every unit has a fixed size) was given to a certain scale level. We call this data structure a “Regular Page.” We explore the implementation of such a structure on the worldwide charts management utilizing quad-trees. Then we discuss the future development of ECDIS and its application system in marine agencies in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• A more reasonable analysis object (meta-action and meta-action unit) is selected. • A failure mode quantitative judgment method based on meta-action is proposed. • A new failure cause and mechanism modeling method based on meta-action is proposed. Early failure is the key factor that restricts the improvement of electromechanical product reliability. The research on early failure mechanism of electromechanical product can provide a basis for the subsequent failure cause tracing and failure diagnosis. At present, there are few systematic studies on the early failure mechanism of electromechanical product, which have the following shortcomings: firstly, the failure analysis objects in traditional failure methods cannot reflect the characteristic of electromechanical product that "motion determination electromechanical product function"; secondly, traditional failure analysis methods ignore the fact that mechanical and electronic systems are different in failure cause, failure mode and failure mechanism; thirdly, failure cause and failure mode are easily confused in traditional methods; finally, most of the traditional methods are qualitative analysis, which cannot directly show the generation process of failure. To address those problems, meta-action and meta-action unit of electromechanical product are selected as the analysis object herein. Early failure mode, early failure cause, and early failure mechanism of electromechanical product are defined and analyzed. A meta-action early failure mechanism quantitative analysis model considering electromechanical coupling is built, and the influence of failure cause on failure mode is analyzed. A CNC (computer numerical control) machine tool made in China is taken as an example. The results verify the applicability and correctness of the proposed method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article offers information on the 14th OptoElectronics and Communications Conference (OECC) held in Hong Kong, China from July 13-17, 2009. Topics discussed during the conference include overview and opportunities on optical fiber sensors, transmission systems and switching technologies, and optical networks. The conference features several individuals such as Ping-kong Wai, Kin Chiang, and Timothy Tong.

This paper deals with the classification of stenches, which can stimulate olfactory organs to discomfort people and pollute the environment. In China, the triangle odor bag method, which only depends on the state of the panelist, is widely used in determining odor concentration. In this paper, we propose a stenches detection system composed of an electronic nose and machine learning algorithms to discriminate five typical stenches. These five chemicals producing stenches are 2-phenylethyl alcohol, isovaleric acid, methylcyclopentanone, γ-undecalactone, and 2-methylindole. We will use random forest, support vector machines, backpropagation neural network, principal components analysis (PCA), and linear discriminant analysis (LDA) in this paper. The result shows that LDA (support vector machine (SVM)) has better performance in detecting the stenches considered in this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Focuses on the growth of the integrated circuit industries in China. Paradigm of low-cost systems manufacturing fueled by foreign capital; Opportunities on the imbalance between consumption and production of semiconductors; Balance development in INC and electronic system industries.

For simultaneous and quantitative prediction of three toxic heavy metal residues (Pb, Cd and Hg) in fish, the novel and low‐cost colorimetric sensors array was fabricated. Forty eight fish samples (Carassius carassius) retailed in Zhenjiang, China, were used. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry was employed as the reference analytical method. The partial least square regression (PLS) and extreme learning machine (ELM) respectively were comparatively used for data modeling. Results showed that the ELM models built were better than the PLS models with correlation coefficient in the prediction set for Pb, Cd, and Hg as 0.854, 0.83, and 0.845 respectively; while, the corresponding root mean squares error were 0.102 mg/kg, 0.026 mg/kg, and 0.016 mg/kg respectively. This work demonstrates that the developed artifical gustatory system has a great potential in the simultaneous and quantitative prediction of heavy metal residues in fish and could be used perhaps for other fish products. Practical applications: Fish is an important food commodity worldwide. It is very vital to monitor heavy metals residues in raw fishes to guarantee food safety. Traditional analytical methods for heavy metals determination in fish are quite cumbersome and usually expensive. The novel low‐cost and simple colorimetric sensors array based on pyridylazo and porphyrin indicators has been developed in the present study. Results showed that, photoelectric electronic tongue based on colorimetric sensors coupled with extreme learning machine model has a great potential in the simultaneous and quantitative prediction of toxic heavy metal residues in fish. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents news briefs and blog posts, including growth potential of MEMS industry, consumer demand and government mandates for electronic systems, and the semiconductor industry in China.

The article reports that the Chinese are concerned about the THAAD radar because it was designed from its beginning to provide cuing information to the U.S. National Missile Defense. South Korea will get no military benefit from the THAAD defense system, and China will consider the radar's deployment to South Korea as a hostile act by South Korea against China. China should cut off economic ties with companies involved with the system and ban their products from entering the Chinese market.

Characterisations of Chinese policy goals and actions often seem largely formulaic, designed to obscure as much as to reveal. Beijing's inept explanation of the destruction of one of its weather satellites by a medium-range Chinese missile attests to inadequate coordination and information sharing within the policy process, reinforcing external concerns about China's longer-term military goals. The anti-satellite (ASAT) test underscored that Chinese policy making is far from monolithic. The longer-term implications of Chinese military development are again on the policy radar screen, but the fuller consequences, especially for US-China relations, remain as uncertain as they are important. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective:We aimed to estimate the Lanzhou lamb rotavirus (LLR) vaccination coverage (VC) and timeliness among children aged 2 to 59 months in Guangzhou, China. Methods:An electronic system-based VC survey was conducted using stratified cluster random sampling. Results:We reported an overall Lanzhou lamb rotavirus vaccine coverage of 25.3% among children aged 2-59 months (2-8 months, 2.6%) in Guangzhou, China. Conclusion:Great efforts should be taken to increase LLR VC in eligible children in Guangzhou, China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article provides information on the environmental effect of electronic products in China . Research shows that toxic compounds coming out from various electronic products can be a serious environmental threat due to poorly regulated conditions caused by dismantled and recycled materials. A new study shows that Guiyu, a major e-waste recycling center in the region, has been documented with higher levels of atmospheric polychlorobenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorodibenzofurans in the air. An estimate number of adults has been reported to have high exposure to dioxins through inhalations during summer and winter season. This study recommends the need to implement restrictions and maintenance of proper recycling facilities.

This special section includes papers from the 'Reputation in Agent Societies' workshop held as part of 2004 IEEE/WIC/ACM International Joint Conference on Intelligent Agent Technology (IAT'04) and Web Intelligence (WI'04), September 20, 2004 in Beijing, China. The purpose of this workshop was to promote multidisciplinary collaboration for Reputation Systems modeling and implementation. Reputation is increasingly at the centre of attention in many fields of science and domains of application, including economics, organisations science, policy-making, (e-)governance, cultural evolution, social dilemmas, socio-dynamics, innofusion, etc. However, the result of all this attention is a great number of ad hoc models and little integration of instruments for the implementation, management and optimisation of reputation. On the one hand, entrepreneurs and administrators manage corporate and firm reputation without contributing to or accessing a solid, general and integrated body of scientific knowledge on the subject matter. On the other hand, software designers believe they can design and implement online reputation reporting systems without investigating what the properties, requirements and dynamics of reputation in natural societies are and why it evolved. We promoted the workshop and this special section with the hope of setting the first steps in the direction of a new, cross-disciplinary approach to reputation, accounting for the social cognitive mechanisms and processes that support it and working towards t a consensus on essential guidelines for designing or shaping reputation technologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]