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In recent 10 years, an integrated rice-crayfish farming (IRF) has been developing rapidly in China. However, the IRF mode consumes a large amount of water and brought a great risk of water shortage. In Jianghan Plain, Hubei province, China, there are 4 IRF modes, referring to rotation of rice and crayfish (RRC), rice-crayfish symbiosis (RCS), year-round crayfish farming in paddy fields (YRC), and continuous operation of rice planting and crayfish farming (COR). This study selected the 4 IRF modes to calculate and compare the precipitation suitable degree (PSD) of 17 counties with larger scale of IRF. The results showed that, annually averaged PSD from large to small was ranked as RCS>COR>RRC>YRC. Under monthly scale, the highly suitable period for PSD was from March to July. From December to the next February, the PSD was obviously lower than other stages, with high risk of water deficit at the stage. According to the water demand regulation of the 4 IRF modes, the suitable IRF mode was RRC and YRC for the south, RCS and COR for the north of Jianghan Plain in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To investigate the screening methods for identifying the populations susceptible and resistant to noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) and to provide a reference for future research., Methods: Workers who were exposed to 75 ∼ 120 dB noise in enterprises were included in the study. Field investigation of occupational health was conducted; workers' basic information and data on hearing threshold levels were collected. Paired chi-square test was used to compare each two of three screening methods, which were used at home and abroad to identify noise-susceptible and noise-sensitive populations, in terms of noise exposure level, general information, and noise-induced hearing threshold shift., Results: There were no significant differences in the noise exposure level, basic information, and left and right ears' hearing threshold levels of noise-susceptible and noise-sensitive populations between each two of the three screening methods (P > 0.05), according to the paired chi-square test. However, high-frequency hearing threshold had statistically significant difference among the three methods. As a whole, methods B and C were superior to method A., Conclusion: The workers in China are younger than before, with more awareness of self-protection, and individual protection is enhanced in them. Currently, method B is more suitable for screening out the population susceptible to NIHL in China.