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This paper uses the unbalanced panel data of 156 countries during the period of 2002 to 2018 to explore the possible impact of government efficiency on health outcomes. Firstly, we used the fixed-effect model to examine the relationship between government efficiency and health outcomes and found that the increase in government efficiency can significantly improve health outcomes. Then, a series of robustness checks were carried out, which confirmed the reliability of the above result. Thirdly, this paper conducted a heterogeneity analysis from the perspective of life cycle. Fourthly, this paper investigated the mechanisms of the impact of government efficiency on health outcomes from the perspectives of economic growth, health innovation, education and corruption control. Finally, this paper studied the moderating effects of the ruling party's ideology and democracy on the relationship between government efficiency and health outcomes. The findings of this study provide some references for governments to improve health outcomes.

Achondroplasia is the most common form of dwarfism in humans. A recurrent glycine-to-arginine mutation at codon 380 (G380R) of the transmembrane domain of fibroblast growth factor receptor-3 (FGFR-3) was identified in the majority of Western and Japanese patients, which is uncommon in other autosomal dominant genetic diseases. To determine whether this mutation is also common in Chinese patients, we examined the G380R mutation in Chinese patients with achondroplasia. Of ten patients studied, including eight sporadic cases and one family with two affected members, all have the same G380R mutation with a G-to-A transition. Our results support the argument that the G380R mutation of FGFR-3 is the most frequent mutation causing achondroplasia across different populations.