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As China's global footprint expands and Sino-American competition intensifies, it is apparent that one of the most important arenas for competition between Western Liberal norms and Chinese Communist Party's (CCP) authoritarian norms is going to come in competing technologies (Western/Korean/Taiwanese 5G/chips vs Huawei 5G/chips) and competing cyber-norms (Western cyber-libertarianism vs Chinese cyber-sovereignty). Inside China, China's technologies and its cyber-sovereign norms converge.Outside of China, while China champions the norm of cyber-sovereignty, Huawei itself may pose the greatest challenge to sovereign states' cyber-sovereignty where Huawei controls or otherwise participates significantly as a provider for telecommunications networks, given its relationship to the Chinese state. Is China sincere in advocating cyber-sovereignty as an international norm, or is this just something it is concerned about inside China?Are the laws of China and the technologies and practices of its own Huawei antithetical to China's own stated norms of cyber-sovereignty? Is cyber-sovereignty simply a stop-gap measure adopted by an insecure regime to justify draconian censorship and thought control at home while it seeks to use its growing presence in 5G telecommunications to expand its surveillance of foreign powers/actors worldwide? Finally, in keeping with the theme of this special issue, does digital orientalism explain the growing tension between China and some of the Western/Liberal powers as it regards competition in 5G? Is the US/West needlessly securitizing Huawei and its 5G, or is there something there worth securitizing? Clarity about these issues and the implications of the answers arrived at are important for nations around the world as China expands its technological reach via Huawei and other national champions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This umbrella review is motivated to understand the shift in research themes on brain-computer interfacing (BCI) and it determined that a shift away from themes that focus on medical advancement and system development to applications that included education, marketing, gaming, safety, and security has occurred. The background of this review examined aspects of BCI categorisation, neuroimaging methods, brain control signal classification, applications, and ethics. The specific area of BCI software and hardware development was not examined. A search using One Search was undertaken and 92 BCI reviews were selected for inclusion. Publication demographics indicate the average number of authors on review papers considered was 4.2 ± 1.8. The results also indicate a rapid increase in the number of BCI reviews from 2003, with only three reviews before that period, two in 1972, and one in 1996. While BCI authors were predominantly Euro-American in early reviews, this shifted to a more global authorship, which China dominated by 2020–2022. The review revealed six disciplines associated with BCI systems: life sciences and biomedicine (n = 42), neurosciences and neurology (n = 35), and rehabilitation (n = 20); (2) the second domain centred on the theme of functionality: computer science (n = 20), engineering (n = 28) and technology (n = 38). There was a thematic shift from understanding brain function and modes of interfacing BCI systems to more applied research novel areas of research-identified surround artificial intelligence, including machine learning, pre-processing, and deep learning. As BCI systems become more invasive in the lives of "normal" individuals, it is expected that there will be a refocus and thematic shift towards increased research into ethical issues and the need for legal oversight in BCI application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

At present, due to the lack of core technology and technological innovation ability, the design technology of traditional shipyards in China is backward. The operation mode of front-line workers in shipyards is highly dangerous. There are problems that endanger the physical and mental health of workers, such as noise and paint mist pollution, which lead to low production efficiency of workers and difficulties in personnel allocation. Under this background, "shipyard labor shortage" and other similar situations followed. If the concept of smart factory is introduced into traditional shipyards, the above problems can be effectively alleviated and solved. However, due to the complexity of ship product structure processing and manufacturing, the definition of smart shipyard in China is still vague, and the research process of smart shipyard is relatively slow. Aiming at the vague functional concept of smart shipyard, the lack of research on information design and management, smart production process and smart implementation process, this paper provides a conceptual architecture design model of civil smart shipbuilding factory. The functional definition of smart shipyard is discussed, and the initial conceptual model of smart shipyard is established, including information network platform model, smart production process model and smart implementation process model. The application case verifies the above model. Firstly, the information network platform model of α group is constructed, and the group brain control system is established. Secondly, the smart production process of shipyard A under α group is established. Finally, the smart implementation process of shipyard A is designed. The case study shows that: All ships completed 100% modeling, and the pre-outfitting rate increased to about 95%. By using the wire cutting robot, the production efficiency is increased by 70%. In the smart factory mode, the 60,000 tons bulk carrier can save 35thousand dollars labor costs and 11 million dollars in shipping fuel costs each year. The shell steel plate of the 300,000 tons ore carrier is reduced by 212 tons, and the weight is reduced by 10.5%. Case shipyard A under α group using the above smart factory model can save about 0.7 million dollars labor costs per year; reduce fuel costs by about 2.2 million dollars per year; saving 2.5 million steel usage per year. In total, shipyard A reduced expenditure by about 5.4 million dollars in one year. • This paper provides a civil intelligent ship manufacturing plant and its realization and optimization method, and introduces the construction content and method of the production process system of the intelligent shipyard. The key point of the construction of the intelligent shipyard is the intelligent production of ships, so as to finally realize the harmonious and unified operation of multiple robot groups. In order to better ensure the efficiency of the shipbuilding plant in production, reduce the pollution to the living environment, greatly reduce or even eliminate the production accidents caused by human factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Indeed, Leung suggests this has been the case with the legally oriented Guangdong NGOs that helped arrange some of the book's worker interviews. Her argument is buttressed by a review of Chinese labour history from the early 20th century up to present and interviews conducted between 2011 and 2014 with 74 workers in six cities in China, including both those workers who have joined in collective actions and those who have not. The book posits an unbroken pattern of state control over Chinese workers' minds, from imperial China through the Mao era to today. [Extracted from the article]

The deep mining of coal mines leads to some significant changes in the physical properties of coal and rock, stress environment and gas occurrence law. The perturbed range of overlying rock and level of dynamic-static load have also increased significantly. In addition, the disaster effect caused by the linkage of mine groups and the control effect of large geological bodies appear in deep mining. The same disaster effect with the coexistence and conversion of rock burst and coal & gas outburst occurs. Therefore, above characteristics make the prevention and control of dynamic disaster in deep coal mines become a problem to be solved urgently. Considering the situation that the conditions of disaster breeding and mutual transformation mechanism are complex and still unclear, the quick detection method, prevention- control technology and equipment are still lacking, in this paper, the key scientific and technical problems of prevention- control for dynamic disaster in deep mining are condensed, the thought of prevention and control with different sources in multi-scales for coal and rock dynamic disasters in deep mining is proposed, the research direction of prevention and control technology for dynamic disaster in deep mining is determined, and the theory and technical framework of prevention and control with different sources in multi-scales for coal and rock dynamic disasters in deep mining are established. Based on the above achievements, the theory and technology system of prevention and control with different sources in multi-scales for coal and rock dynamic disasters in deep mining are formed successfully, which can provide a theoretical and technical support for the prevention and control of rock burst, the outburst of coal and gas or compound dynamic disaster in deep mining of coal mines in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Drawing on national and local news stories, newly declassified documents, u.s. prisoner of war (POW) memoirs, and popular films, this article argues that the legacy of the Korean War in the United States from 1953 to 1962 dramatically shaped how Americans imagined the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK). It specifically examines how media portrayals of North Korean atrocities, the alleged misconduct of u.s. captives, and the relationship between the People's Republic of China and the DPRK affected public perceptions of "North Korea" as a subjective construct. The painful legacy of the Korean War, particularly the experience of u.s. POWS , encouraged Americans to think of North Korea as an inherently violent foe and as part of a broader "Oriental Communist" enemy in the Cold War. When the experiences of u.s. soldiers contradicted these narratives, media sources often made distinctions between 'Worth Koreans," a repugnant racial and ideological "other," and "north Koreans," potential u.s. friends and allies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]